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1.
Fe—C—Cr—Mn系耐磨合金的结构设计   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在总结了Fe-C-Cr系铸造金属基础上提出Fe-C-Cr-Mn系铸造合金碳化物体化比和奥氏体基体成分计算公式,并熔炼一系列实验合金进行了验证,按此计算了方法,可以进行Fe-C-Cr-Mn系亚稳奥氏体基耐磨合金结构设计,并为进一步实现合金结构设计的计算机模拟打下了基础。  相似文献   

2.
研究运行中渗碳的Incoloy 800H裂解管的显微组织及合金元素的分布, 采用了电子探针定性定量分析微区成分。结果表明,裂解管渗碳后显微组织 发生显著变化,其内壁最高含碳量为3%,内壁基体最低含铬量为4%;渗碳 层厚度超过2mm,管内壁基体和碳化物中Fe,Cr,Ni含量不随渗碳层厚度 变化;基体Cr含量下降大于6%,合金由抗磁性的变为铁磁性的;M23C6型碳 化物转变为M7C3型碳化物时的合金碳含量约为1.5%.  相似文献   

3.
本文通过对 36XS,36X.HiSi-HP,Cr25Ni38,HP和 HK 等 6种奥氏体耐 热钢在渗碳过程中渗层深度的增加速度、渗碳层最高含碳量等性能的研究.利用电子 探针微区成分分析的方法,深入探讨了 Si,Ni.Cr.Fe 等合金元素在渗碳过程中  的行为和对耐热钢渗碳性能的影响.得到Si.Ni.Fe 等元素主要通过阻碍碳化物 形成而提高耐热钢的抗渗碳能力;渗碳过程中形成大量碳化物所需耍的 Cr 主要通 过渗层内基体提供.渗层内总的含 Cr 量并没增加,因渗层内基体含Cr量的显著下 降而使其耐氧化腐蚀能力下降。  相似文献   

4.
采用光学显微镜,扫描电镜等分析方法研究0Cr6Mn13Ni10MoTi/1Cr5Mo异质接头在时效过程中熔合区和增碳层宽度变化特点,结果表明,时效初期0Cr6Mn13Ni10MoTi/1Cr5Mo异质接头在熔合区靠近奥氏体焊缝一侧有一定宽度的增碳层出现,随时效时间延长增碳层逐渐变宽,并且在达到峰值以后又逐渐变窄并最后消失,这种变化规律与传统A302/1Cr5Mo异质接头在时效过程中的变化规律完全不同。  相似文献   

5.
含铬碳化物的氧化稳定性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过电解法从Fe-C-Cr合金中萃取出M3C,M7C3和M23C63种类型碳化物,在950℃大气气氛中分别经0.5h,1h及2h氧化,测定了其剩余含碳量,观察了表面形貌,用X射线衍射进行物相分析,结果表明:(1)三种类型碳化物在950℃高温氧化气氛下均未发生晶型转变,只是由铁铬复合碳物氧化成为铁铬复合氧化物;(2)M7C3型碳化物的氧化稳定性最佳,M23C6型次之,M3C型最差。  相似文献   

6.
Fe—Mn—C合金中的C—Mn偏聚及其对相变的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用微观成分实验测定,价电子结构计算,TEM薄膜原位动态拉伸变形试验和声发射试验,研究了Fe-Mn-C合金中的C-Mn偏聚及其对相变的影响,结果表明,在所研究的Fe-Mn-C合金中存在的C-Mn原子的微观偏聚;由C-Mn原子间的强键力导致形成的Fe-Mn-C原子团偏聚区能有效地束缚原子的运动,强烈阻滞奥氏体向马氏体的转变;马氏体和形变诱发马氏体优先在晶格重构阻力小的贫C-Mn区形核,而在晶格重构阻  相似文献   

7.
研究了铸造复合中锰奥氏体钢在冲击磨料磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明:铸造复合中锰奥氏体钢的耐磨性是高锰钢的5.41倍。复合层中碳化物结构为(Cr,Fe)23C6和(Cr,Fe)7C3,呈网状分布,具有抑制磨粒压入基体和阻碍磨粒对基体的切削作用。亚表层中介稳奥氏体发生应变诱发马氏体相变,转变能来源于外界冲击功,其值为434J·mol-1。  相似文献   

8.
利用H-800透射电子显微镜,对铬钼钢565℃蠕变过程中出现的M23C6及M6C碳化物的形貌变化进行了详细的研究,研究结果表明,蠕变过程中M23C6及M6C碳化物主要以片状,棒状及块状形态存在;其中片状和棒状存在于晶内,块状在晶内和晶界都存在,从基体中析出M23C6及M6C起始呈片状,随蠕变时间的延长期形貌变化为棒状,不规则棒状,块状;而分别由Fe3C和M23C6原位转变形成的M23C6和M6C,  相似文献   

9.
文章在Fe-X-C系规则溶液模型基础上,结合奥氏体锰钢的工况条件,计算了中锰钢和高锰钢在Ms温度和室温时的△Gγ→α,△Gγ→M及外界机械能。从而找到了奥氏体锰钢的屈服强度和相变驱动力之间关系。从热力学上阐明了中锰钢能够发生应变诱发马氏体相变。  相似文献   

10.
利用透射电子显微镜研究了通过离子束交替混合获得的TiN涂层与基 体M2钢之间的过渡层的微观构造.结果表明:过渡层主要组成相为TiN、 M6C和α-Fe.TiN相呈颗粒状,内部具有层状亚结构;M6C在离子束作用 下发生碎化;α-Fe有多晶化趋势.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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