我国建设智慧城市的几点思考

本文分析了智慧城市的内涵,并着重对建设智慧城市蕴含的八大风险:政策制度风险、技术垄断风险、信息安全风险、投资收益风险、协同风险、管理风险、社会伦理风险以及人的风险进行剖析。     

基于改进AHP算法的桥梁风险评估模型的研究

针对桥梁工程风险因素的不确定性和复杂性,建立了基于改进AHP算法的桥梁风险评估模型。文章首先按风险来源从自然灾害、人为因素、结构退化、技术风险等方面进行风险识别研究,建立了桥梁风险指标评价体系,其次基于新标度和三角模糊数进行打分,并建立了风险评价初始矩阵,最后结合AHP层次结构得各风险指标的权重,进行风险指标排序和风险评估分析。实例证明,本模型科学合理。     

基于风险矩阵的软件项目的风险评估

在对国内外常用软件开发项目风险的评估方法进行分析比较后,将风险矩阵方法应用在软件项目的风险评估中,首先分析软件项目的 47种风险因素,采用定性和定量相结合的方法,确定了风险因素影响程度、风险等级和风险因素权重,构建了用于软件项目风险评估的风险矩阵,给出了利用风险矩阵进行风险评估的基本流程.结果表明,该方法操作简便、评估客观,同时还可识别出具体的关键风险因素,提高了风险评估的效率.     

基于关键数字特征的风险资产组合理论及实证分析研究

对风险资产组合的收益、风险、相关性风险进行了数学特征分析描述,并引入最优风险资产组合的资产配置分析模型,使用数据分析软件进行数学特征的辅助分析,以关键数字特征分析风险资产组合理论并进行实证分析.     

工程项目风险的多维功效函数评价方法研究

在回顾风险评价概率方法和模糊逻辑方法优缺点的基础上 ,将风险因素特征的多维性 ,即风险概率、风险损失、可预测性、可控制性及可分担性 ,纳入了风险分析过程 ,提出了风险因素的多维特征向量描述概念 .然后建立了风险因素评价的多维功效函数评价准则 ,能对具有多维特征的风险因素进行风险度评价 .根据多维功效函数评价准则对风险因素的风险度排序 ,能使风险管理者从管理全局的角度认识风险、管理风险 ,促进积极风险响应措施的建立和实施 .最后给出了用多维功效函数评价方法进行工程风险评价的应用实例     

工程项目风险管理方法的研究

工程项目投资规模大,建设周期长,影响因素多,面临各种各样的风险．阐述了风险识别、风险估计的方法;在风险评价上,介绍了模糊综合评价法结合层次分析法进行评价的方法．指出要根据风险评价的结果,对风险回避、风险转移、风险损失控制和风险自留等风险应对策略,作出最佳选择．     

浅议企业财务风险的预防和控制

对企业财务风险的发生及成因进行了分析,讨论了衡量、判断和预防财务风险的措施与方法,并对企业财务风险的预防和控制措施进行了探讨。     

工程施工合同的风险分析及防范

工程施工合同中总是存在着各种风险,本文主要针对外部环境风险、技术风险、信用风险、合同本身风险等风险表现形式进行风险分析,并对合同风险中的关键防范环节提出了防范措施。     

基于模糊层次分析法的余额宝风险评价

对余额宝存在的风险进行了系统分析,并利用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法,构建了余额宝风险评价模型,分析评价各个指标对余额宝整体风险的影响,得出余额宝不仅具有较高的风险,而且收益风险、赎回风险、监管风险、利率风险、银行挤兑风险等是余额宝风险评价最重要的指标,也是余额宝应重点管理和防范的风险.     

基于下潜超深风险的潜艇耐压船体结构设计方法

针对潜艇耐压船体结构在下潜过程中存在的下潜超深风险问题,探讨了基于风险的结构设计方法;提出了基于风险的结构设计思想.对下潜超深风险进行了定义,并依据个人、社会、经济以及环境对风险的态度,制定了基于风险的结构设计准则.采用极值I型分布分析计算了不同下潜超深的风险发生概率,结合基于风险的结构设计准则,建立了耐压船体的可靠性优化设计模型并进行计算,绘制了随着设计载荷增加耐压船体结构重量变化曲线,依据成本-效益准则对耐压船体结构的设计方案进行了决策.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the