防灭火三相泡沫添加剂的实验

通过对粉煤灰物理特性和化学成分分析，在其浆液中加入一种合适的发泡剂和稳泡剂，经过物理发泡方式形成粉煤灰三相泡沫，用于防治矿井自然发火。对所选发泡剂在粉煤灰浆液中的发泡性能以及稳泡剂和浆液浓度对粉煤灰三相泡沫稳定性的影响进行了系列实验，井对实验结果进行了分析。指出KDF-l发泡剂适合制备发泡倍数较高、稳定时间较长的煤灰三相泡沫，给出了KDF-l发泡剂用于浆液发泡的最佳浓度。     

纳米氧化锌/AC复合发泡剂在PVC糊和PP发泡中的应用研究

在AC发泡剂中添加纳米氧化锌，研究了纳米氧化锌对AC发泡剂分解的促进作用及在PVC糊和PP发泡中的应用．结果表明，在AC发泡剂中添加纳米氧化锌的样品，其初始分解温度明显低于未添加纳米氧化锌的AC发泡剂．添加纳米氧化锌的AC发泡剂，其分解速度明显高于未添加纳米氧化锌和洛加微米氧化锌的样品、在PVC糊和PP发泡中，添加纳米氧化锌的样品，发泡倍率明显高于未添加纳米氧化锌和添加微米氧化锌的样品．     

酶解处理对扁桃仁蛋白质起泡特性影响及其应用研究

扁桃仁营养丰富,是一种优质的坚果蛋白资源。为拓宽扁桃仁的应用领域,以扁桃仁分离蛋白质为研究对象,以其起泡能力和泡沫稳定性为观测指标,探讨生物酶解处理对其起泡特性的影响。结果表明:扁桃仁分离蛋白质经胃蛋白酶酶解处理后,其酶解产物的粒径减少,表面疏水性增加,分子质量(10~25kDa)与电位值(-20.06)均减小,即胃蛋白酶酶解处理显著改善了扁桃仁分离蛋白质的起泡性和泡沫稳定性。在此基础上,将酶解180min的扁桃仁分离蛋白质水解物(almond protein isolate hydrolysates,APIH180)作为发泡剂应用到蛋糕中,结果发现,当APIH180添加量为20%时,蛋糕的外观、口感与全蛋蛋糕相比,均有所提升；APIH180添加量超过40%的蛋糕品质明显下降,即APIH180添加量为20%~40%时可以起到良好的发泡效果,且改善了蛋糕的品质。本研究旨在拓展扁桃仁蛋白质的开发利用思路,进而丰富植物基蛋白质资源应用的理论与技术。     

发泡剂对冷再生沥青混合料强度特性的影响

为改善泡沫沥青发泡性能及其冷再生混合料强度,掺入不同种类发泡剂进行改性.采用沥青发泡试验、混合料力学试验、电镜扫描试验及红外光谱试验研究了发泡剂种类和质量分数对沥青发泡特性、冷再生沥青混合料强度及微观物化特性的影响.结果表明：发泡剂可有效提升发泡性能和再生混合料力学强度;随发泡剂质量分数的增加,各项性能均先提高后降低,最佳方案为掺入质量分数为0.5%的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵发泡剂,沥青膨胀率增大21.4%,半衰期延长1.1倍,再生混合料无侧限抗压强度、干劈裂强度、湿劈裂强度、低温抗弯拉强度和破坏应变分别提高14.7%、13.9%、29.0%、27.8%和31.4%;掺加发泡剂后,沥青膜对集料颗粒裹覆更充分,新生成的化学物质有助于提高泡沫沥青稳定性及其与旧料的黏附性能.     

新型防灭火材料固体泡沫特性实验

为提高泡沫材料的发泡倍数并降低成本,进行了固体泡沫特性及其添加无机物(黄沙)的实验研究.通过分析原料A马丽散与发泡剂B在不同配比下混合及混合加沙后固体泡沫的发泡特性,找出最佳配比和最佳含沙质量分数使发泡倍数最大,对比分析添加无机物前后的经济成本,并在天池矿102尾巷采空区进行了现场应用研究.结果表明:原料A马丽散、发泡剂B的最佳配比为1:1.2,当含沙质量分数为25%时发泡倍数最大为14.220且防灭火效果较好.     

高温氮气泡沫调驱发泡剂性能评价实验研究

利用物理模拟实验的方法,对河南油田井楼三区LZ27井区蒸汽-氮气泡沫调驱拟采用的5种高温发泡剂进行性能评价。其中静态性能评价实验包括常温下表面张力测定、低温到高温条件下发泡体积与半衰期测定及发泡剂抗油性能实验;动态性能评价实验包括温度、发泡剂浓度、气液比、渗透率对泡沫封堵能力影响实验。实验结果表明:5#发泡剂发泡性能、稳定性能和抗油性能明显好于其他4种发泡剂,实验建议蒸汽-氮气泡沫调驱现场施工中使用质量浓度为5kg/m3～6kg/m3的5#发泡剂溶液,气液比选择在1:1左右。实验为下一步进行区块蒸汽氮气泡沫调驱的成功实施提供了指导性意见。     

碳酸盐矿物分解引起的熔渣泡沫化行为

提出平均发泡寿命作为熔渣发泡效果的实验评价指标．在Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ熔体中,采用碳酸盐矿物作发泡剂,进行内生气源熔渣发泡实验．结果表明,发泡剂粒度、种类对熔渣平均发泡寿命的影响,可归因于熔渣中碳酸盐热分解行为的差异．在一定浓度范围内,熔体中ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ含量的变化,不仅改变熔体的物理性质,而且直接影响碳酸盐矿物的分解速度与生成气泡的大小,对熔体起泡过程和泡沫渣的稳定性也起重要作用．     

不同发泡剂对微发泡PP复合材料发泡及表面质量的影响

以化学发泡为主线,通过注塑成型技术制备不同发泡剂的微发泡聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)复合材料,研究了PP材料中添加AC母粒(Azodicarbonamide,AC)、AC粉和微球母粒3种不同发泡剂对微发泡PP材料发泡质量和表面质量的影响。结果表明:不同特性的发泡剂添加到PP材料中进行发泡后,对发泡质量有较明显的影响; PP材料中添加AC母粒发泡质量最好,泡孔平均直径较小,为35. 8μm,泡孔个数较多,泡孔尺寸分布均匀。表面质量也存在明显的影响,PP材料中添加微球母粒(Na HCO3母粒)后,表面无明显的气痕和凹坑,表面光泽度最大,表面质量较理想。综合发泡质量和表面质量的影响因素,微球母粒适合于微发泡聚丙烯制品的发泡。     

新型高温发泡剂烷基苯烷基磺酸钠性能研究

针对现有发泡剂无法在高温环境发挥作用的问题,合成了新型高温发泡剂12C烷基苯16C烷基磺酸钠.试验表明:烷基苯烷基磺酸钠的最佳作用质量浓度为8g/L,烷基苯烷基磺酸钠能在200~250℃维持较佳的发泡能力,并且在250℃高温高压环境48h后发泡性能未见显著降低,起始pH值对发泡剂高温性能有显著影响.耐油实验表明:该发泡剂质量分数为在20%加入原油时,由于原油沥青质、胶质的稳泡作用,发泡能力虽有下降,但泡沫稳定性大大上升.     

利用背散射光技术评价水泥发泡剂的稳定性

泡沫水泥固井的关键技术是发泡技术和注水泥技术.评价发泡剂性能的指标很多,通常采用沉陷距和泌水量等方法干扰因素较多,评价结果较粗,不能准确评价泡沫的稳定性以及所混配的泡沫水泥浆的稳定性.因此,该文采用背散射光技术对泡沫水泥发泡剂的稳定性进行评价,针对不同流体对光线有不同的透射率和背散射率,同一种流体的稳定性随时间而变化,其对光线的透射率和背散射率也不同这一特性,通过考察不同泡沫随时间增加的析水情况、泡沫粒径随时间的变化情况,计算泡沫稳定性系数等参数,以此对不同发泡剂进行稳定性评价,从而优选性能稳定的发泡剂.同时用此方法也可对泡沫水泥进行稳定性的评价,因此用本方法具有快速、简便,直观等优点.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.