基于词性标注规则的马铃薯文献信息抽取方法

马铃薯育种领域积累有大量尚未结构化处理的育种文献文本,人工整理文献内的种质资源数据费时费力。为了快速、准确地从育种文献中提取种植资源数据,使用基于词性标注规则和预设词的方法抽取文献数据。文献格式为PDF文档,对于不能直接获取文档文本的情况,使用游程平滑算法和光学字符识别（Optical Character Recognition, OCR）获取文本内容。采用用户可灵活建立的关键词库保存抽取项,通过正则表达式获取关键词所在语句,并利用自然语言处理工具对语句进行分词与词性标注,根据规则抽取目标词,同时采用基于关键词与预设词距离的信息抽取方法,实现将育种文献从自由文本转化为结构化数据。对115篇文献的1490个抽取项进行信息抽取,实验表明,该方法的准确率为82.97%,召回率为99.72%,F值为90.58%,能以较高的准确率和召回率对马铃薯育种文献种质资源进行抽取,可为构建马铃薯遗传育种数据库提供数据基础。     

结合主动学习和自动标注的评价对象抽取方法

提出了结合主动学习和自动标注的评价对象抽取方法。具体实现过程中,首先,利用少量的已标注样本训练分类器,对非标注样本进行测试,获取自动标注结果及其置信度;其次,通过置信度计算每个样本的整体置信度,挑选出低置信度即不确定性高的样本待标注;最后,对待标注样本中置信度低的词语进行人工标注,而置信度高的部分则采用自动标注结果。实验表明,该方法可以在确保抽取性能的同时有效地减小人工标注语料的开销。     

基于神经耦合模型的异构词法数据转化和融合

为了扩大人工标注数据的规模, 从而提高模型性能, 尝试充分利用已有的异构人工标注数据训练模型参数。将Li等2015年提出的耦合序列标注方法扩展到基于BiLSTM的深度学习框架, 直接在两个异构训练数据上训练参数, 测试阶段则同时预测两个标签序列。在词性标注、分词词性联合标注两个任务上进行大量实验, 结果表明, 与多任务学习方法和传统耦合模型相比, 神经耦合模型在利用词法异构数据方面更优越,在异构数据转化和融合两个场景上都取得更高的性能。     

一个基于本体的语义检索方法

提出一个基于本体的语义检索方法,利用领域本体知识对各类资源进行语义标注.把用户查询转化为形式化的SPARQL检索描述,再把执行查询后的结果扩展到相关的标注资源.     

基于HMM的藏语语料库词性自动标注研究

针对藏语区别于英语和汉语,分析藏语的构形特征,得到词性标注集.从人工标注的语料中统计词和词性频率以及训练得到二元语法的HMM模型参数,运用Viterbi算法完成基于统计方法的词性标注.     

自学习结合部分句法分析的汉语词性标注

针对词性标中单独使用概率方法或规则方法的缺陷,将概率方法和规则方法有机结结合起来,并引入了部分句法分析除分歧义和标注歧义,利用机器学习得到的规则对输出结果进行修正,实现了一个自学习结合部分句法分析的汉语词性标注系统。     

一种基于规则的无监督词性标注方法

提出一种基于规则的无监督词性标注方法,利用200多条英语语法规则,创建26个规则函数,先将输入的待标注英语句子进行预处理后得到初始标记,再对每个单词调用规则函数,最终得到标注后的英语句子.通过对Brown语料库的实验,词性标注的正确率达到93.95%.实验结果表明,本文方法可行、有效,能很好地提高英语词性标注的准确率.     

蒙古文词性标注及融合词性因子的蒙汉统计机器翻译

借鉴并利用基于短语的因子化机器翻译方法,结合基于隐马尔科夫模型的词性标注系统实现了蒙古文的自动词性标注.首先使用基于短语的因子化机器翻译方法对词表词进行标注,然后用基于隐马尔科夫模型的词性标注方法对生词进行标注.实验结果表明,采取的蒙古文词性标注方法的准确率达到97.91%.最后,将该方法标注的词性融入到蒙汉统计机器翻译系统后,译文质量有了较大提高,进一步证明该方法的有效性和实用性.     

基于德语语料库词性标注和统计方法的研究

建立了一种德语语料词性标注方法以及基于词性标注的统计方法．初步实验证明了上述方法对德语语料标注和标注后的语料进行单词、词类、短语结构和句子的统计是正确和有效的．     

现代维吾尔语的词性标注校对技术研究

近些年来语料库语言学的发展较为迅速,语料库的建设成为一项重要的工作.在对语料加工的过程中,保证词性标注的一致性也成为建设高质量语料库的重要问题.目前国内外对汉语语料库词性标注结果的校对,还停留在人工校对上,对词性标注结果不一致现象尚未进行系统的研究.对于词性标注方法不是很成熟的维吾尔语语料库来说,词性校对方面的研究工作更少.首先概要介绍了一种维吾尔语的标注方法,并受一些文献的启发,根据维吾尔语的特点对其进行词性标注自动校对的研究,并分析其适用于维吾尔语词性校对的可行性,进而提高维吾尔语词性标注的正确率.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.