系统化的机械产品计算机辅助设计（SCAD）方法的研究

通过将系统化的工程设计方法与ＣＡＤ技术相结合，提出系统化的计算机辅助设计（ＳＣＡＤ）方法。并研究了ＳＣＡＤ所包含的四个阶段－计算机辅助产品规划（ＣＡＰＲＰ）、计算机辅助概念设计（ＣＡＣＤ）、计算机辅助具体化设计（ＣＡＥＤ）和计算机辅助详细设计（ＣＡＤＤ）的一些具体实施方案，形成了ＳＣＡＤ技术的基本理论框架。     

柱撑阴离子粘土的合成表征及催化性能研究（Ⅳ）──ZnAl－SiW_（11）和ZnAl-SiW_（11）Z的合成及稳定性研究

用离子交换法合成了杂多阴离子柱撑阴离子粘土ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１和ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１Ｚ（Ｚ＝Ｃｏ２＋，Ｎｉ２＋，Ｃｕ２＋）．ＸＲＤ和ＩＲ测定结果表明，这些层柱化合物的通道高度是１．４６×１０-７ｃｍ，层间阴离子保持它们的Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构．它们在空气中热分解序列为：ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１Ｎｉ（３４７℃）＞ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１Ｃｏ（３４１℃）＞ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１Ｃｕ（３３５℃）＞ＺｎＡｌ-ＳｉＷ１１（３２９℃）＞ＺｎＡｌ-（２９０℃），在沸腾水溶液中稳定存在的ｐＨ值范围是３．６～７．５．     

食用油烟对大鼠体内脂质过氧化反应的影响

本研究采用动式染毒技术，将大鼠分成４个浓度组吸入豆油油烟（油温２２０℃），观察血中ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ，ＭＤＡ含量，肺组织中ＬＤＨ，ＡＣＰ，ＭＤＡ和肺巨噬细胞（ＰＡＭ）膜脂流动性（ＬＦＵ）等指标的变化，探讨吸入油烟的急性毒作用机理。实验结果表明：油烟平均浓度为１．０５ｍｇ／ｍ＾３时，血浆及肺组织中ＭＤＡ开始增加（Ｐ〈０．０５），且含量随吸入油烟量增加；平均浓度为９．５８ｍｇ／ｍ＾３时，全血ＳＯＤ活力明显     

水溶性共聚物SMA,SSMA与表面活性剂相互作用的荧光研究

利用荧光光谱配以通常的表面张力法，测定了水溶性苯乙烯－马来酸印共聚物（ＳＭＡ）和磺化苯乙烯－马来酸酐共聚物（ＳＳＭＡ）的表面活性，研究了其与表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＤＳ）、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚（ＤＥ＿９）之间的相互作用。结果表明，由于具有高表面活性的ＳＳＭＡ与ＳＤＳ、ＤＥ＿９之间存在着强的增效作用，添加０．１％ＳＳＭＡ就可大大提高表面活性剂的使用效果。ＳＭＡ与上述表面活性剂的复配增效作用比ＳＳＭＡ要弱。     

三维定量构效关系最新研究进展

在简要回顾了经典的Ｈａｎｓｃｈ方法的基础上，重点讨论了４种典型的３Ｄ－ＱＳＡＲ方法，即分子形状分析（ＭＳＡ）、距离几何学方法（ＤＧ）、比较分子力场分析（ＣＯＭＦＡ）和假想活性位点阵（ＨＡＳＬ）的基本原理，并介绍了人工神经网络在３Ｄ－ＱＳＡＲ的原理和应用     

几种脂肪酸对人血超氧化物歧化酶的化学修饰

用酰化法合成Ｎ－羟基琥珀酰亚胺（ＮＨＳ）和活化脂肪酸，并对人血超氧化物歧化酶（ｈ－ＳＯＤ）进行了化学修饰，得到均一性的酰化ＳＯＤ（Ａｃ－ＳＯＤ），对Ａｃ－ＳＯＤ分析表明，残留氨基为２２％活力回收为８５％。     

在低温胁迫下外源ABA对高原水稻自由基清除系统的影响

喷洒外源ＡＢＡ（脱落酸１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）在水稻２叶期的幼苗上（３０００ｌｘ，１２ｈ／ｄ），２４ｈ后，分别测定了不同处理的水稻幼苗，发现在低温胁迫２～４ｄ（４±１℃，１０００ｌｘ，２４ｈ／ｄ）中以及回温恢复２～５ｄ（２±１）℃，３０００ｌｘ，１２ｈ／ｄ）中，自由基清除系统的膜保护酶──超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和过氧化物酶（ＰＯＸ）的活性增加，非酶促保护系统中的抗氧化剂──抗坏血酸（ＡＳＡ）和还原性谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）的含量增加，膜脂过氧化产物──丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量减少．实验证明外源ＡＢＡ在光下能明显提高水稻幼苗自由基清除系统的防御能力，增强水稻的抗冷性     

外磁场对玉米幼苗脂质过氧化的影响

用场强为１０００，１４００，１８００ＧＳ的磁场处理玉米（ＺｅａｍａｙＬ．）种子，采收二、三叶期幼苗做为试验材料，以极谱氧电极法测超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性，滴定法测过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性，比色法测丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）含量．结果表明，经磁场处理种子后，玉米幼苗的叶及根中ＭＤＡ含量降低，ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性提高，ＧＳＨ含量增高．揭示了外磁场可削弱玉米幼苗脂质过氧化作用     

乙烯系单体自由基聚合的阻聚效应(ⅩⅪ)——羟胺类化合物对苯乙烯—甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚合的影响

研究了二乙基羟胺（ＤＥＨＡ）、二异丙基羟胺（ＤＩＰＨＡ）和吗啉羟胺（ＭＰＨＡ）对偶氮二异丁腈（ＡＩＢＮ）引发的苯乙烯（Ｍ１）－甲基丙烯酸甲酯（Ｍ２）在６０℃共聚合的行为．结果表明,３种羟胺对Ｓｔ－ＭＭＡ共聚合表现出不同的阻聚功效,它们的阻聚活性次序为ＤＥＨＡ＞ＤＩＰＨＡ＞ＭＰＨＡ．同时观察到Ｓｔ－ＭＭＡ共聚合竞聚率发生变化,随着所用羟胺的浓度加大,Ｓｔ－ＭＭＡ交替共聚合倾向增大．此外还讨论了聚合温度对诱导期、共聚合速率和共聚物组成的影响．     

无限层薄膜（Sr,Ca）CuO2的相分析

采用脉冲激光沉积（ＰＬＤ）方法在４００￣６７０℃和７￣７０Ｐａ氧压下制备了（Ｓｒ,Ｃａ）ＣｕＯ２无限层薄膜。通过薄膜的Ｘ光衍射（ＸＲＤ）测量来进行薄膜的相分析。Ａ２ＣｕＯ３＋δ（Ａ代表Ｓｒ,Ｃａ）相在ＳｒＴｉＯ３,ＬａＡｌＯ３,ＣａＮｄＡｌＯ４和ＭｇＯ衬底上在４００￣６００℃极易生成,而无限层ＡＣｕＯ２＋δ相只能在高于４７０℃和相配的ＳｒＴｉＯ３和ＬａＡｌＯ３衬底上生成。在ＳｒＴｉＯ３衬底上当温度     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the