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1.
低碳钢自腐蚀电位与缓蚀剂吸附性能关系的探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在低碳钢/稀盐酸腐蚀体系中,测试了缓蚀剂六次甲基四胺(HA)对体系的缓蚀行为,并对HA和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(SDEDTC)的缓蚀行为进行了分析;从理论上导出了体系自腐蚀电位随温度变化的关系式和缓蚀剂类型的自腐蚀电位判据.研究结果表明:低碳钢缓蚀前、后自腐蚀电位的改变与温度的倒数成线性关系;HA为阳极型缓蚀剂,SDEDTC为混合型缓蚀剂,二者的吸附形式均为物理吸附,吸附热分别为-35 kJ/mol和-30 kJ/mol.  相似文献   

2.
利用失重法和动电位极化曲线法及电化学阻抗谱法研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)对冷轧钢在0.1 mol/L HAc溶液中的缓蚀作用.结果表明:SDS在0.1 mol/L醋酸溶液中能对冷轧钢起到较好的缓蚀作用,缓蚀率随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但随温度的增加而下降,最大缓蚀率可达94%.塔菲尔极化曲线表明SDS为抑制阴极为主型缓蚀剂.缓蚀剂在钢表面的吸附是自发、放热过程且符合Langmuir吸附方程.SDS在钢表面发生物理吸附的同时伴随化学吸附的发生,吸附为熵增过程.  相似文献   

3.
合成了有机硫化合物4,5-二(正丁硫基)-1,3-二硫杂环戊二烯-2-硫酮(dmit(Bun)2),用元素分析和红外光谱进行了表征,采用电化学极化曲线法研究了dmit(Bun)2在1.0 mol·L-1HCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用,并考察了dmit(Bun)2浓度、HCl浓度、腐蚀体系温度、缓蚀液放置时间对缓蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明:在30℃时,dmit(Bun)2浓度为80 mg·L-1的1.0 mol·L-1HCl溶液中,缓蚀剂对Q235钢的缓蚀率达到了99.01%,dmit(Bun)2为混合型缓蚀剂。吸附拟合表明:dmit(Bun)2在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,属于自发进行的化学吸附。dmit(Bun)2的缓蚀率随dmit(Bun)2浓度增大而升高,随腐蚀体系温度升高而降低,随HCl浓度增大而逐渐降低,随静置时间的延长、dmit(Bun)2的缓蚀性变化不大。  相似文献   

4.
合成了[双(4-甲氧基苯基)]二硫代磷酸二乙铵(DEDP),然后采用电化学法与失重法研究了DEDP作为新型缓蚀剂于硫酸溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀性能。研究结果表明:DEDP是一种抑制阳极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂,在碳钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附自由能为-34.00 k J·mol-1,其吸附为自发进行的物理和化学吸附;同时,考察缓蚀性能的各影响因素发现,随DEDP浓度增加缓蚀率升高,相反随腐蚀体系温度升高、硫酸浓度增大和缓蚀液存储时间延长缓蚀率均下降;300 K条件下1.0MH_2SO_4溶液中DEDP浓度160 mg·L~(-1)时缓蚀率高于94%。  相似文献   

5.
硫酸介质中四唑类化合物对紫铜的缓蚀作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术,研究5-(4-羟苯基)-1,2,3,4-四唑(4-HPTT)和5-(4-氨苯基)-1,2,3,4-四唑(4-APTT)在暴露于空气的0.5 mol/L H2SO4介质中对紫铜的缓蚀作用。结果表明:在0.5 mol/LH2SO4溶液中,4-HPTT和4-APTT对紫铜的缓蚀效率随浓度的增加而增大,当4-HPTT和4-APTT浓度为0.25 mmol/L时,缓蚀效率分别达到99.3%和97.6%;4-HPTT为阴极型缓蚀剂,而4-APTT为混合型缓蚀剂;加入4-HPTT和4-APTT后紫铜的腐蚀控制步骤由活化和扩散的混合控制过程改变为电荷转移过程;4-HPTT和4-APTT在紫铜/溶液界面的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温式。  相似文献   

6.
新型Schiff碱的合成及对铜缓蚀性能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
合成了新型Schiff碱缓蚀剂:1,5-二甲基-2-苯基-4-(4-羟基苯亚甲胺)-3-吡唑啉酮(MBAP).采用UV-vis和FT-IR对其结构进行了表征.采用电化学交流阻抗(EIS)和极化曲线测试方法,研究了不同浓度的缓蚀剂MBAP-乙醇溶液在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中对紫铜防腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,随着缓蚀剂-乙醇溶液浓度的增大,缓蚀剂对紫铜的缓蚀效率增大.当加入0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的缓蚀剂-乙醇溶液浓度为2.0mmol/L时,缓蚀效率达到最大值.MBAP通过化学和物理吸附两种形式在铜表面形成自组装膜,起到良好的防腐蚀性能.  相似文献   

7.
采用动电位极化和交流阻抗法测定海水环境中L-半胱氨酸及赖氨酸对黄铜试样的缓蚀性能,然后将这两种氨基酸分别与葡萄糖酸钠复配,研究其缓蚀协同作用。结果表明:单独使用L-半胱氨酸及赖氨酸,缓蚀效率最高分别为87.5%和89.93%;与葡萄糖酸钠复配后,两组复合缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能均显著提高,缓蚀效率分别达到97.35%和98.62%;两种氨基酸缓蚀剂在黄铜表面的吸附均遵从Langmuir吸附等温线。葡萄糖酸钠的加入弥补了单独使用氨基酸缓蚀剂吸附膜致密性差的缺陷,另外扫描电镜实验结果也显示缓蚀剂的加入明显抑制了金属的腐蚀。  相似文献   

8.
采用动电位极化、交流阻抗、失重测试等方法研究了一种新合成的三氮唑-苯胺化合物(DOT)在1mol/L HCl中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能,其腐蚀形貌用电子显微镜进行观察,结合吸附热力学和动力学,讨论其缓蚀机理。结果表明,在酸溶液中,DOT能同时抑制碳钢腐蚀的阴、阳极反应过程,是一种优异的混合型缓蚀剂,其浓度为0.001mol/L时缓蚀效率可达96%以上。吸附热力学表明DOT在碳钢表面上的吸附过程为放热过程,其在碳钢表面的吸附服从Langmuir等温式,属于物理和化学吸附。  相似文献   

9.
合成了有机磷缓蚀剂1,1-双(二苯膦基)甲烷(DPPM),采用电化学极化曲线法研究了DP-PM在1.0 mol·L-1HCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用,并考察了DPPM浓度、HCl浓度、试验温度和缓蚀液放置时间对DPPM缓蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明DPPM为混合型缓蚀剂,在30℃时,DPPM浓度为80 mg·L-1的1 mol·L-1HCl溶液中,缓蚀剂DPPM对Q235钢的缓蚀率达到了97.43%。DPPM的缓蚀率随腐蚀体系温度升高而降低,同样随体系酸度增大而降低,但随时间的延长,其缓蚀性变化不大。  相似文献   

10.
文章通过电化学方法对合成的几种咪唑类缓蚀剂在铜电极表面的电化学参数进行计算得出了以下结论:合成的缓蚀剂均为阳极型缓蚀剂而且其缓蚀效率具有极值;超过最佳浓度之后,缓蚀效率有所下降。这是其吸附模式在缓蚀效率极值前后发生变化的缘故。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

16.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

17.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…  相似文献   

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