复合材料中夹杂内位错和圆弧形界面裂纹的弹性干涉效应

研究了夹杂中螺型位错和圆形弹性夹杂界面裂纹的相互干涉问题。运用复变函数的解析延拓技术与奇性主部分析方法，获得了该问题的一般解答。作为典型例子，求出了含一条界面裂纹时基体和夹杂区域复势函数的封闭形式解．导出了位错在夹杂中任意位置时界面裂纹尖端应力强度因子和位错力的解析表达式。该解答可作为Green函数研究夹杂中裂纹和界面裂纹的干涉作用，且公式的退化结果与已有献一致。     

压电磁材料中螺型位错与含界面裂纹圆形夹杂的干涉效应

研究了无限大压电磁基体材料中螺型位错与含界面裂纹圆形夹杂的电磁弹耦合干涉问题．运用复变函数方法,获得了夹杂和基体区域复势函数以及电弹性场的精确封闭形式解答．导出了位错在基体中任意位置时界面裂纹尖端广义应力强度因子的表达式．利用广义Peach—Koehler公式求出了作用于螺型位错上的位错力．该文解答可以作为Green函数研究压电磁材料中任意形状裂纹和圆弧形界面裂纹的干涉作用．     

螺型位错与含共焦裂纹弹性椭圆夹杂的干涉效应

研究了基体与夹杂中任意位置螺型位错与含共焦裂纹弹性椭圆夹杂的干涉问题,运用复变函数的分区全纯理论、柯西型积分、应力函数奇性主部分析方法与Rieman边值理论,将问题归结为一个初等复势函数方程的求解.获得了基体与夹杂区域复势函数的级数形式精确解,导出了裂纹尖端应力强度因子解析表达式和作用于位错的像力公式.计算结果表明:夹杂中的裂纹对于位错与夹杂的干涉具有强烈的扰动效应,它增强软夹杂对位错的吸引,减弱硬夹杂对位错的排斥,甚至将排斥转变为吸引.裂纹尖端附近的应力强度因子等值线表明,螺型位错位于裂纹尖端附近特定区域时对于裂纹扩展具有屏蔽效应.     

压电材料圆形夹杂内位错和界面刚性线的电弹干涉

首次研究了压电复合材料中圆形夹杂内压电螺型位错和界面导电刚性线的电弹耦合干涉效应,运用复变函数解析延拓技术与奇性主部分析方法,获得了基体和夹杂区域复势函数的封闭形式解,该解答可作为格林函数求解裂纹和界面刚性线的干涉作用．应用扰动技术,导出了位错力的解析表达式．计算结果表明,界面刚性线对压电螺型位错与圆形夹杂的干涉具有强烈扰动效应．当界面刚性线达到临界值时,可以改变夹杂和压电位错的干涉机理。     

压电磁螺型位错与界面刚性线夹杂的干涉效应

采用复变函数解析延拓原理,研究了电磁材料中压电磁螺型位错和共线界面刚性线的磁电弹耦合干涉效应并得到该问题的一般解答.作为算例,求出了界面含有一条刚性线时两种压电磁介质区域广义应力函数的封闭形式解.运用扰动技术,求解了位错点的扰动应力、电位移和磁感应强度场.由推广的Peach-Koehler公式求出了作用在位错上的位错力,讨论了共线界面刚性线对位错力的影响规律.文中所得到的解不但可作为格林函数获得任意分布位错的相应解答,而且可以用于研究无穷远纵向剪切和面内电磁场作用下界面刚性线夹杂和介质中任意形状裂纹的磁电弹耦合干涉效应问题.     

一维六方准晶中界面裂纹与位错的交互作用

应用复变函数的方法,研究了一维六方准晶双材料中单个圆弧形夹杂界面裂纹与基体中螺型位错之间的交互作用问题,求得了该问题的封闭形式解.当界面裂纹消失时,所得的退化结果与已有文献一致.导出了位错在圆外无限大区域中的任意位置时,界面裂纹尖端应力强度因子的表达式.数值结果表明,随着位错距离界面裂纹的位置越来越远,裂纹尖端应力强度因子的值越来越小;随着界面裂纹开口角度的增大,裂纹尖端应力强度因子的值先增大后减小.     

压电螺型位错与含界面效应纳米夹杂干涉研究

研究在无穷远纵向剪切和平面内电场作用下压电智能材料中螺型位错与考虑界面应力纳米尺度夹杂(纤维)间的力电耦合交互作用.运用复势方法,求解了夹杂和基体中复势函数的解析解以及应力场和电位移场分量.利用广义Peach-Koehler公式,给出了作用在压电螺型位错上位错像力的解析解答.研究结果表明:当夹杂的半径缩减到纳米尺度时,界面效应对夹杂(纤维)附近位错运动和平衡位置的影响将变得非常显著.正界面效应将排斥基体中的位错;当存在正的界面效应时,软夹杂能排斥界面附近的压电螺型位错.     

准晶材料中螺型位错与圆形夹杂的干涉效应

研究了一维六方准晶材料中螺型位错与圆形夹杂的干涉效应.利用复变函数方法,得到了由复势函数表示的边界条件以及应力场和位错力的解析表达式.并详细讨论了位错位置和材料差异对位错力及平衡位置的影响.结果表明,当两种准晶材料常数满足一定条件时,夹杂附近存在一个位错平衡位置.另外,位错力受到夹杂相位子场弹性常数和声子场-相位子场耦合弹性常数的强烈影响,相位子场弹性常数和声子场-相位子场耦合弹性常数均存在可以改变位错力方向的临界值.解答的特殊情况与已有文献一致.     

基体中螺位错偶极子与含共焦钝裂纹椭圆夹杂的干涉效应

将复变函数的分区全纯理论、柯西型积分、应力函数奇性主部分析方法与Riemann边值问题相结合,研究了基体中的螺型位错偶极子与含共焦椭圆钝裂纹的椭圆夹杂的弹性干涉问题,求得了基体和夹杂区域复势函数的级数形式精确解.并由此推导出了基体和夹杂区域的应力场、椭圆钝裂纹右端点的应力强度因子以及作用在螺型位错偶极子中心的位错像力和像力偶矩的公式,同时分析了螺位错偶极子倾角、夹杂和椭圆钝裂纹的尺寸以及材料常数对它们的影响规律.结果表明:位错力和应力强度因子随螺位错偶极子倾角作周期变化,且受相对剪切模量的影响很大.     

一维六方准晶中椭圆夹杂与位错的相互作用问题

采用复变函数方法研究无限大一维六方准晶中椭圆夹杂与位错的相互作用问题。利用保角映射和柯西积分理论,获得了势函数之间的复解析关系,给出了界面应力的解析表达式。讨论了位错对声子场与相位子场界面应力的影响,结果表明声子场与相位子场界面应力变化趋势基本一致,界面法向应力在位错作用点附近变化明显,界面切向应力在位错作用点附近的界面上出现了应力集中现象。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the