求解矩形放置问题的亲属帮助遗传算法

用基于几何位置的方法求解矩形放置问题,解空间有限,且包含最优放置,但解空间太大。为了解决这个问题,将基于几何位置的序列对算法作为遗传算法的编解码过程,同时根据序列对编码空间中局部最优解相互间保持一定距离的特点,从父代中随机地选出一定比例的个体,用这些个体作为排斥体,使子代个体与排斥体都保持一定的距离,有效地避免了种群过早收敛到局部最优解。3组试验表明:这种算法在问题规模小时能有效地搜索到全局最优解;在问题规模较大时,能得到较好的结果。     

一种新的求解多目标问题的分组粒子群优化算法

用粒子群优化算法求解多目标问题容易陷入局部最优,为此本文提出了一种分组粒子群多目标优化算法。该算法将决策空间分成Q个子空间,每个子空间随机的分配N个粒子,这Q个粒子群分别在各自的空间进行独立搜索。为保证每个种群的搜索多样性和遍历性,用混沌序列对各组粒子位置进行初始化,同时对各组进行基于聚集距离的粒子择优进化。由典型多目标函数的优化实验结果表明,经过适当的分组,该算法能迅速逼近非劣最优解集,效果令人满意。     

杂草算法收敛性分析及其在工程中的应用

针对从自然界中杂草的生长繁殖特性演化而来的新型智能优化算法———扩张性杂草进化算法,通过马尔可夫链,分析证明了它的全局收敛性.相比其他启发式算法,其最大优点是基于种群中优秀的个体有指导地进行搜索,且算法中子代个体按正态分布的方式分布于父代个体周围,在进化过程中通过动态调整此正态分布的标准差,使算法在早期与中期充分保持群落的多样性,较其他启发式算法更容易保证对解空间的全面搜索.而在算法的后期加强对优秀个体周围的局部搜索,从而保证算法能够稳健地收敛到全局最优解.典型的复杂机械优化设计算例结果表明,该算法在优化过程中能有效避开局部最优解,快速、有效地收敛到全局最优解.     

节点约束型最短路径的分层Dijkstra算法

针对节点约束型最短路径问题,提出了基于回溯法的分层Dijkstra算法,通过分层结构寻找局部最优解来求得全局最优解或次优解.该算法利用分层结构可保存搜索进度的优势,使其在寻找过必经点最短路径时可以实现对搜索进度的保存与回溯等操作.实验结果表明:分层Dijkstra算法虽然增加了一定的空间复杂度,但能有效地减少Dijkstra算法的调用次数;与深度优先搜索、几何代数算法相比,分层Dijkstra算法虽然不一定能找到理论最优解,但出解速度较快,在数据量较大的情况下能快速找到次优解.     

基于聚类集成的蚁群优化与受限解空间的TSP算法

蚁群算法是一种元启发式搜索算法,能有效地解决TSP这类NP问题.针对该算法的信息素更新机制易导致陷入局部最优的缺点,提出了一种基于聚类集成的蚁群优化与受限解空间的TSP算法.其主要思想如下:先用三角形TSP算法生成初始TSP并构建蚁群的初始转移概率矩阵,以减少蚂蚁选择的随机性;然后运用k-means聚类集成生成关联矩阵,作为扰动因子以优化蚂蚁对城市的选择概率,即关联城市相互吸引,不关联城市相互排斥,以避免过早陷入局部最优;最后提出一种重组受限解空间的边的方法再次优化蚁群的解.实验结果表明,与同类算法相比,该算法具有较优的结果.     

基于交叉算子的改进人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法存在后期收敛速度慢、局部搜索能力差和易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种基于交叉算子的改进人工蜂群算法.该算法利用佳点集方法产生初始种群,使得初始化个体尽可能均匀地分布在搜索空间;随机选择食物源位置与当前最优食物源位置进行算术交叉操作,引导群体向全局最优解靠近,提高算法的局部搜索能力和加快收敛速度.通过5个高维标准测试函数的实验结果表明新算法的有效性.     

基于区域分割的差分进化算法求解0-1背包问题

为了更有效地求解0-1背包问题,提出了基于区域分割的差分进化算法(PDE).为保证变异算子的封闭性,对传统差分进化算法(DE)的变异算子进行了修改.引入区域分割算法以后,解空间中一些没有希望的点被移除,缩小了最优解的搜索范围,增加了找到最优解的概率.将区域分割和贪婪算法相结合,用搜索到的最好解替换了种群中目标函数值最差的个体,保证了种群的多样性.数值实验表明:该算法比文献中的DE算法更稳健,全局搜索能力更强,能以更大的概率找到背包问题的最优解.     

基于速度权重扰动机制的改进蝙蝠优化算法

为提高基本蝙蝠算法的局部最优解开发能力,拟引入速度权重扰动机制,提出一种基于速度权重扰动机制的改进蝙蝠优化算法.在算法迭代寻优过程中,蝙蝠个体自身当前位置优于群体当前位置均值时,选择带有速度权重扰动机制的速度演化策略更新下一代速度信息,从而提高算法跳出局部最优的能力,并最终实现群体逼近收敛到全局最优解.针对典型基准测试函数的仿真实验结果表明,该速度机制能够有效提高蝙蝠个体的局部开发能力,加强算法的全局寻优能力.     

基于多策略融合灰狼优化算法的特征选择方法

针对基本灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimizer,GWO)在求解复杂优化问题时存在解精度低、探索与开发能力不平衡、收敛速度慢和易陷入局部最优的缺点,提出一种基于多策略融合的改进灰狼优化算法.首先,设计一种基于正弦函数的非线性过渡参数策略替代原灰狼优化算法中的线性递减策略,以实现算法从勘探到开发的良好过渡;其次,利用个体自身历史最佳位置和决策层个体共同引导群体进行搜索,以加速算法收敛速度和提高寻优精度;然后,在当前最优灰狼个体上引入小孔成像学习策略产生新的候选个体,以降低算法陷入局部最优的概率.选取6个基准测试函数进行数值实验.结果 表明:改进算法在求解精度和收敛速度指标上均优于其他比较算法.最后,将改进算法用于求解特征选择问题,对10个基准数据集的仿真结果表明,改进算法能有效地提高分类精度和选择最优特征.     

自适应遗传退火算法的圆形件下料问题求解

针对长度不限、宽度固定的卷材的直冲圆形件下料问题,采用自适应遗传模拟退火算法(adaptive genetic simulatecl annearling algorithm,AGSA)优化毛坯序列,并采用最佳位置(best location position,BLP)算法决定毛坯放置位置。在遗传算法的基础上,引入环形交叉策略和自适应交叉变异概率,有效地提高收敛速度。将模拟退火算法与遗传算法结合,通过退温机制更改接受概率,避免遗传算法陷入局部最优解导致早熟。实验结果表明:本文提出的算法计算时间合理,能有效提高收敛速度和材料利用率。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.