Y/SBA-15的微波水热法合成及其表征分析

研究了微波水热法合成微孔-介孔复合分子筛Y/SBA-15,以XRD为表征手段,考察了pH、二氧化硅与P123物质的量比、微波功率、搅拌速度和晶化温度等因素对复合分子筛结构的影响.经过研究确定了复合分子筛的合成条件:pH值为2.5,SiO2和P123物质的量比为58,微波功率为200W,搅拌速度为250r/min,晶化温度为120℃.采用氮气吸附脱附、透射电镜等分析方法对复合分子筛进行了表征分析,结果表明:合成产物同时具有微孔介孔结构特征,结晶度良好、短棒状大小均匀,微孔、介孔2种孔径分布均匀,平均孔径为4.050 13nm,孔壁厚度为2.2nm,BET孔容为0.350 525cm3/g.     

MCM-41/HY介-微孔复合分子筛的合成与表征

以介孔MCM-41凝胶为母液,通过滴加HY浆液,应用水热反应釜合成了一种介-微孔复合分子筛MCM-41/HY.通过XRD、BET、NH3-TPD等手段对复合材料进行了表征,并对复合分子筛的水热稳定性进行了考察.结果表明,复合材料同时具有介孔分子筛MCM-41和微孔HY型沸石的特征,并且和纯MCM-41分子筛相比,复合分子筛的酸性明显增强,水热稳定性显著提高.     

介孔分子筛的研究进展

介孔分子筛具有均一可调的介孔孔径、较高的比表面积等一系列优异特性,成为当今国际上研究热点之一.文中从介孔分子筛的性能、合成、改性以及应用等方面进行了综述和展望.结合我们课题组的研究工作,对目前研究较多的介孔分子筛的合成方法,如水热法、室温合成法、微波辐射法等进行了概括,同时还概述了模板剂在分子筛合成中的应用以及以稻壳为原料制备介孔分子筛的研究情况.重点讨论了在提高介孔分子筛酸性和水热稳定性方面的研究工作,为研究以稻壳为硅源来制备介孔分子筛以及对分子筛的改性提供了一些思路与方向.     

介孔Worm-like孔壁晶化制备微孔-介孔分子筛研究

采用水热孔壁晶化法,以Worm-like介孔分子筛为硅源,十八水合硫酸铝为铝源,制备不同硅铝比微孔-介孔ZSM-5复合分子筛,XRD、FT-IR、N2吸附-脱附、TEM等表征结果证明,用此方法成功制备出一系列微孔-介孔ZSM-5复合分子筛．将一系列复合分子筛用于催化苯酚叔丁基化反应,在反应温度145 ℃、n(苯酚)∶n(叔丁醇)=1∶2.5条件下,硅铝比为15、25的复合分子筛有较强的催化活性,苯酚转化率和2,4-二叔丁基苯酚选择性分别超过90%和42%．     

Y／Beta微孔-微孔分子筛的合成、表征及其催化性能

采用两步晶化法合成了Y/Beta微孔一微孔复合分子筛,并运用XRD、sEM和FT-IR等手段,对该复合材料的结构和形貌等进行了表征研究,以环己醇脱水作探针反应考察了Y/Beta微孔一微孔分子筛的催化性能,并就Y,Beta微孔-微孔分子筛在反应中的协同作用进行了探讨.结果表明Y型沸石和Beta沸石通过复合改变了各自的孔结构和酸中心,和机械混合相比具有明显的择形选择性和优良的酸催化性能.     

不同方法合成的ZrMCM -41介孔分子筛的物化性能

以硅酸钠为硅前驱物,硫酸锆为锆源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,分别通过微波辐射法和水热法进行ZrMCM -41介孔分子筛的合成.采用X射线粉末衍射、红外光谱、透射电子显微镜和比表面积孔径测定等测试手段对样品进行表征,同时研究了合成的ZrMCM -41介孔分子筛的稳定性.结果表明:采用两种不同方法所合成的样品都具有典型的MCM -41介孔分子筛结构,比表面积分别为891.96和830.35 m2/g,平均孔径为2.56和2.47 nm;所合成的ZrMCM -41介孔分子筛,经750 ℃焙烧3 h或经100 ℃水热处理6 d 后,仍然具有介孔结构,但介孔有序性变差.     

高岭土为原料合成Y/MCM-41复合分子筛及其催化性能

以高岭土为原料,采用水热法合成了复合分子筛Y/MCM-41.采用X射线粉末衍射和氮气物理吸附等手段进行了表征,研究了各种因素对合成样品结构性能的影响,考察了该分子筛对苯酚与叔丁醇烷基化反应的催化性能.结果表明:120℃下水热反应24 h,成功合成了复合分子筛;复合分子筛具有介孔和微孔双重孔结构,比表面积为628.9 m2.g-1,平均孔径为2.73 nm;复合分子筛对苯酚与叔丁醇的烷基化反应具有良好的催化性能,最佳反应条件为n(叔丁醇)/n(苯酚)=2.0,空速为1.0 h-1,反应时间为1 h,反应温度为140℃,苯酚的转化率可达62.2%,4-叔丁基苯酚的选择性可达86.0%;反应温度对催化性能有明显影响,低温范围内升温有利于烷基化反应的进行,而温度过高时,脱烷基化反应为主要反应.     

合成与表征新型介-微孔Y型分子筛Meso-NaY

应用新型模板剂炭黑对Y型分子筛进行组装合成具有介孔孔道的Y型分子筛．通过XRD、FT—IR结果表明,炭黑的加入降低了Y型分子筛结晶度．通过BET表征材料具有介孔孔道（3．8nm）,Meso—NaY的总比表面积和孔容分别为736m^2／g和0．373cm^3／g．材料中介孔所占的比例很少,还不能达到长程有序,如何在Y型分子筛中引进长程有序的介孔材料将是今后研究的方向．     

微孔——介孔复合分子筛的合成近况

微孔－介孔复合分子筛是近年来沸石研究人员颇感兴趣的一类新催化材料。概述了该类催化剂合成方法的进展情况，主要介绍了原位合成法和后合成法。     

碱处理法制备微孔-介孔ZSM-5分子筛及其在苯酚叔丁醇烷基化反应中的应用

首先,以微孔结构的ZSM-5沸石为前驱物,经碱液处理不同时间后与介孔模板剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)混合,水热处理后制备微孔-介孔ZSM-5分子筛,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、Fourier变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N2吸附-脱附和透射电镜(TEM)等方法表征微孔-介孔ZSM-5分子筛的理化性质.其次,将微孔-介孔ZSM-5分子筛作为苯酚叔丁醇烷基化反应的催化剂,利用苯酚转化率与2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的选择性测试所得材料的催化性能.结果表明:碱处理1h可获得微孔和介孔复合较好的ZSM-5,且该催化剂具有较好的苯酚叔丁基化催化性能,苯酚的转化率最高为86.2%,大分子2,4-二叔丁基苯酚的选择性可达57.9%.     

由煤系高岭土原位合成NaY分子筛

以煤系高岭土为原料 ,经碱熔活化、补硅 ,在优化的合成条件下 ,可以原位水热合成NaY分子筛。详细考察了晶化温度、晶化时间、加水量、老化时间和合成体系中硅铝比等反应因子对合成产物的结构和热稳定性的影响。得出的最佳反应条件如下 :合成体系中硅铝经为 2 ,晶化温度 370K、晶化时间 10h、老化时间 12h、加水量 4 0～ 6 0mL。其中 ,晶化温度和加水量是影响结晶产物物理结构性能的主要因素。采用XRD、IR、N2 静态容量吸附法、DTA DTG等手段对结晶产物的晶态结构、比表面积及孔分布、热稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明 ,以高岭土为原料可以原位合成出结晶度较高、无杂晶的NaY分子筛。所得分子筛比表面积较高 (42 0m2 /g) ,孔径分布集中 (集中在 0 .6nm) ,热稳定性好。     

Supramolecular self-assembled molecules as organic directing agent for synthesis of zeolites

Solid materials with uniform micropores, such as zeolites, can act as selective catalysts and adsorbents for molecular mixtures by separating those molecules small enough to enter their pores while leaving the larger molecules behind. Zeolite A is a microporous material with a high void volume. Despite its widespread industrial use in, for example, molecular separations and in detergency, its capability as a petroleum-refining material is limited owing to its poor acid-catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability, and its low hydrophobicity. These characteristics are ultimately a consequence of the low framework Si/Al ratio (normally around one) and the resulting high cationic fraction within the pores and cavities. Researchers have modified the properties of type-A zeolites by increasing the Si/Al compositions up to a ratio of three. Here we describe the synthesis of zeolite A structures exhibiting high Si/Al ratios up to infinity (pure silica). We synthesize these materials, named ITQ-29, using a supramolecular organic structure-directing agent obtained by the self-assembly, through pi-pi type interactions, of two identical organic cationic moieties. The highly hydrophobic pure-silica zeolite A can be used for hydrocarbon separations that avoid oligomerization reactions, whereas materials with high Si/Al ratios give excellent shape-selective cracking additives for increasing propylene yield in fluid catalytic cracking operations. We have also extended the use of our supramolecular structure-directing agents to the synthesis of a range of other zeolites.     

微波法制备高分散度CuCl2／β沸石

采用微波技术将 ＣｕＣｌ２分散到 β沸石孔道中， ＸＲＤ、ＤＴＡ、正己烷吸附等温线和 ＣＯ吸附ＩＲ光谱研究表明，ＣｕＣｌ２以单分子层形式分散于β沸石内表面．微波处理条件下，ＣｕＣｌ２扩散没有明显改变沸石的孔道结构和堵塞孔道．β沸石中ＣｕＣｌ２的最大分散容量约为０．６５ｇ ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２ Ｏ／ｇ β沸石，而且 ＣｕＣｌ２在β沸石孔道内扩散的同时还伴随着固态离子交换过程．     

降解CTMABr组装介-微孔分子筛的实验研究

通过考察实验影响因素以在最佳条件合成一种具有潜在应用价值的高水热稳定性材料。通过降解NaY分子筛形成其前驱体,以CTMABr(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)为模板剂合成介-微孔分子筛。XRD和FT IR表征结果表明材料的孔壁含有沸石结构单元,在750?℃,100%水蒸汽中处理2?h后介孔结构依然存在。研究认为在最佳条件下合成的材料是一种高水热稳定性的孔壁含有沸石结构单元的介孔材料,且与直接制备分子筛前驱体的过程相比,降解微孔分子筛制备前驱体有沸石回收和成本低廉两方面的优点。     

Preparation and characterization of a novel composite microporous polymer electrolyte for Li-ion batteries

A novel composite microporous polymer electrolyte composed of poly（vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene） （PVdF-HFP） and mesoporous SBA-15 was prepared. The composite solid polymer electrolyte （CSPE） exhibits ionic conductivity as high as 0.30 mS·cm^-1 with a composition of SBA-15 ： PVdF-HFP=3 ： 8 at room temperature. Infrared transmission spectroscopic results suggested that the mechanism of micropore formation is similar to that of the phase inversion. X-ray diffraction （XRD） results demonstrated that the addition of SBA-15 inhibits the crystallization of PVdF-HFP, while the SBA-15 preserves well its ordered mesoporous structure during the course of preparation. The Li/CSPE/MCF of half-cell was assembled, and it showed a good electrochemical and cyclability performance during charge-discharge cycles.     

On-line catalytic upgrading of biomass fast pyrolysis products

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （Py-GC/MS） was employed to achieve fast pyrolysis of biomass and on-line analysis of the pyrolysis vapors. Four biomass materials （poplar wood, fir wood, cotton straw and rice husk） were pyrolyzed to reveal the difference among their products. Moreover, catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis vapors from cotton straw was performed by using five catalysts, including two microporous zeolites （HZSM-5 and HY） and three mesoporous catalysts （ZrO2＆TiO2, SBA-15 and AI/SBA-15）. The results showed that the distribution of the pyrolytic products from the four materials differed a little from each other, while catalytic cracking could significantly alter the pyrolytic products. Those important primary pyrolytic products such as levoglucosan, hydroxyacetaldehyde and 1-hydroxy-2-propanone were decreased greatly after catalysis. The two microporous zeolites were ef- fective to generate high yields of hydrocarbons, while the three mesoporous materials favored the formation of furan, furfural and other furan compounds, as well as acetic acid.     

A review of the synthesis and application of zeolites from coal-based solid wastes

Zeolite derived from coal-based solid wastes(coal gangue and coal fly ash)can overcome the environmental problems caused by coal-based solid wastes and achieve valuable utilization.In this paper,the physicochemical properties of coal gangue and coal fly ash are introduced.The mechanism and application characteristics of the pretreatment processes for zeolite synthesis from coal-based solid wastes are also introduced.The synthesis processes of coal-based solid waste zeolite and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized.Furthermore,the application characteristics of various coal-based solid waste zeolites and their common application fields are illustrated.Finally,we propose an alkaline fusion-assisted supercritical hydrothermal crystallization as an efficient method for synthesizing coal-based solid waste zeolites.In addition,more attention should be given to the recycling of alkaline waste liquid and the application of coal-based solid waste zeolites in the field of volatile organic compound adsorption removal.     

Oriented growth and assembly of zeolite crystals on substrates

The aligned array and thin film of zeolites and molecular sieves Possess a variety of potential applications in membrane separation and catalysis, chemical sensors, and microelectronic devices. There are two main synthesis methods for manufacturing the aligned arrays and thin films of zeolites and mo- lecular sieves, i.e. in situ hydrothermal reaction and self-assembly of crystal grains on substrates. Both of them have attracted much attention in the scientific community worldwide. A series of significant progress has been made in recent years. By the in situ hydrothermal synthesis, the oriented nucleation and growth of zeolite and molecular sieve crystals can be achieved by modifying the surface properties of substrstes or by changing the composition of synthesis solutions, leading to the formation of uni- formly oriented muIticrystal-aligned arrays or thin films. On the other hand, the crystal grains of zeo-lites and molecular sieves can be assembled onto the substrste surface in required orientation using different bondages, for instance, the microstructure in the array or thin film can be controlled. This review is going to summarize and comment the significant results and progress reported recently in manufacturing highly covered and uniformly aligned arrays or thin films of zeolites and molecular sieves. It involves （1） in situ growth of highly aligned zeolite arrays and thin films via embedding func-tional groups on the substrste surface, modifying the surface microstructure of substrates, as well as varying the composition of synthesis solutions; （2） assembly of zeolite and molecular sieve crystals on various substrates to form aligned arrays and thin films with full coverage by covalent, ionic, and in-termolecular coupling interactions between crystals and substrates; （3） coupling surface assembly with microcontact printing or photoetching technique to produce patterned zeolite arrays and thin films. Finally, the functionality and applications of zeolite arrays and thin films are briefly intr