机场沥青混凝土道面剩余寿命预测方法研究

道面结构的剩余寿命是机场中长期维护和改造计划编制的基础,对于机场的运营管理和优化决策具有重要意义.基于“道面族”概念的道面状况指数(PCI)预测模型是目前应用广泛且发展得较为成熟的经验回归预测模型.但是,PCI预测模型的传统建模方法是以长期、大量的数据积累为基础的,而我国民用机场的道面评价工作则刚刚开始专业化、制度化,相关数据比较匮乏.因此,通过对道面使用性能衰变规律的研究,利用现有数据资源,以上海虹桥国际机场为依托,通过回归分析建立了沥青混凝土跑道道面的国际平整度指数(IRI)与累计交通量的关系和IRI—PCI关系.以此为基础,构建了机场沥青混凝土跑道道面的PCI预测模型,应用该模型能够较为准确地预测沥青混凝土跑道道面剩余使用寿命.     

机场道面使用性能的动态自回归预测模型

针对我国机场道面性能观测时间短,观测数据少,使用现有模型预测精度低,不能根据观测值动态更新预测模型等现状,提出了将卡尔曼滤波应用于时间序列预测的方法,建立了动态自回归预测模型,进行机场道面使用性能的预估.选取我国华东某机场的实测道面状况指数为基础数据,进行时间序列建模,应用卡尔曼滤波算法实现时间序列模型参数的实时更新,分析模型的预测效果.时间序列数据较少时,难以建立高精度的自回归模型,通过卡尔曼滤波处理建立的动态自回归预测模型精度明显提高.     

混合效应模型在道面状态转移概率估计中的应用分析

为研究混合效应Logistic模型确定马尔可夫状态转移概率矩阵的方法及效果,以道面结构厚度、道面使用时间、状态等级和交通量等因素变量为固定效应,以截距为随机效应,建立混合效应Logistic模型.采用多个机场积累的道面实测PCI值为数据源,估计模型参数并作实例分析.结果表明:①应用混合效应Logistic模型可分析多因素对道面使用性能的影响,获得非齐次状态转移概率矩阵,实现道面使用性能马尔可夫动态预测,显著改善概率预测的精度;②混合效应Logistic模型中随机效应能够反映道面数据内不可观测的异质性,降低模型残差的相关性,提高固定效应参数估计的可靠性;③通过对混合效应Logistic模型随机效应参数bi的估计,可得到数据源内任意个体道面的状态转移概率矩阵,克服传统方法多次建模及数据不足的困难,从而实现对特定道面的性能预测.     

机场复合道面性能预估的非线性混合效应模型

针对中国机场复合道面使用性能数据少、刚性道面数据较多的实际情况,采用非线性混合效应模型,并且联合2个数据源进行参数估计,建立了机场复合道面使用性能预测模型;通过对中国60多个机场的数据计算分析,估计了该模型参数,并分析了拟合效果。研究结果表明:非线性混合效应模型能够有效分解道面使用性能面板观测数据间存在的异方差,使残差满足正态假设并获得满意的拟合效果;非线性混合效应模型和联合估计方法一方面能解决部分个体观测数据不足的问题,另一方面提高了参数估计的稳定性和精度;非线性混合效应模型既可获得数据样本的总体趋势,也可得到个体的性能曲线,而且比传统方法的预估精度更高,为分析道面使用性能面板数据提供了新的技术手段。     

三种模糊Markov链状预测模型

为了解决具有不确定信息的Markov链状预测问题,给出了"模糊状态-精确观测数据"、"精确状态-模糊观测数据"和"模糊状态-模糊观测数据"三类模糊Markov链状预测的模型,涵盖了具有不确定信息的Markov链状预测的各种形式,系统研究了三种模型下的状态转移概率确定方法与预测过程。该项工作使得模糊Markov链状预测模型问题趋于完善,为深入研究模糊Markov过程以及其它特殊的模糊随机过程提供了思路。     

基于线性混合效应模型的道面使用性能预测

针对道面状况指数(PCI)历史资料的面板数据特征,以多项式作为预测函数,将部分参数视为随机变量,建立二类线性混合效应模型.结果表明:线性混合效应模型能够有效分解变量之间的异方差,弥补传统回归模型的不足,为多区域道面使用性能数据分析提供新的技术方法;混合效应模型能够综合利用多区域信息,改进道面个体的参数估计,不仅解决部位道面个体因数据不足而无法获得模型参数的问题,而且显著提高了道面个体的预测精度.     

应用遗传算法和LM优化的BP神经网络模型预测机场道面使用性能

分析了影响道面使用性能的各种参数,结合BP神经网络和遗传算法来预测机场道面使用性能.通过遗传算法全局寻优功能对神经网络的初始权值和阈值进行优化,然后采用LM(Levenberg-Marquardt)优化算法对神经网络训练速度进行加速,并且使训练避免陷入局部极小点.通过历年数据对神经网络进行训练,用所得神经网络模型对机场道面使用性能进行预测.训练结果表明,该方法具有足够的精度,能够应用到工程实际中.     

基于Web日志挖掘的Markov预测模型及算法研究

通过Web日志挖掘技术可分析用户访问模式,从而为客户提供智能化、个性化服务。马尔可夫(Markov)模型的链式结构简便易行,适合作为一个预测模型来预测用户的页面访问模式。就此对Markov预测模型进行深入研究,描述了其实现算法,并结合实例对混合Markov预测模型方法进行了验证。     

基于马尔科夫滚动优化的锂电池寿命灰色预测研究

文章建立了一种电池容量的动态预测方法,提出了滚动优化GM(1,1)模型、残差修正滚动GM(1,1)模型和Markov残差修正滚动GM(1,1)预测模型。研究结果证明了3种模型具有极好的预测性能,只是残差GM(1,1)模型的精度比其他2个低一些。且发现在仅有4个数据点建立的残差修正滚动GM(1,1)模型与Markov残差修正滚动预测模型也有相当高的预测精度。通过预测不同电池在不同充放电条件及温度条件下的电容容量,验证了滚动优化模型的普遍适用性。     

基于Markov理论的立井冻结压力预测分析

为研究西部矿井井壁压力沿纵向和环向的分布规律,确定井壁设计的关键荷载参数,根据现场监测数据,构建基于Markov理论的立井井壁受压预测模型。该模型以有限的监测点数据预测未设置测点区域的井壁压力值,并给出预测值的可能概率。通过建模预测分析并对比实测数据表明:测点等间距分布时可采用Markov模型进行井壁压力预测;沿环向井壁压力可用正弦函数形式描述。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。