透榫节点的受弯性能

对透榫节点进行单调加载试验,获得其弯矩-转角关系曲线以及破坏形态,并运用有限元软件ABAQUS对榫头的变形状态和应力分布进行数值模拟.结合试验研究和数值模拟,建立了节点弯矩-转角关系的简化力学模型.研究结果表明:透榫节点正、反向加载时的破坏形态分别为榫头变截面处顺纹撕裂破坏和榫头下侧的受弯破坏;节点正向加载时的受弯承载力和极限转角小于反向加载时的受弯承载力和极限转角;节点的抵抗力矩主要由小出部位与卯口之间的相互作用来提供;榫头上侧缝隙对节点的初始滑移段影响显著;节点正、反向加载时的弯矩-转角关系均可简化为三折线模型.     

广府古建筑木结构箍头榫节点弯矩-转角关系理论分析

广府祠堂木结构节点多采用箍头榫形式,其受力性能与已有的直榫、燕尾榫等均存在差异,为研究箍头榫节点的受力性能,开展了箍头榫节点的受力机理分析,推导了弯矩-转角理论计算公式,并通过试验结果验证了理论计算公式的正确性;基于理论计算公式,对影响箍头榫节点弯矩-转角关系的各个因素进行分析.分析结果表明,在所计算的参数范围内,节点初始转动刚度和极限弯矩随着柱直径、榫宽度、摩擦系数、榫头侧面和卯口间挤压宽度的增大而增大,节点极限弯矩随着梁高增大而增大,而节点初始转动刚度受梁高的影响不大.所得结果可为广府地区古建筑木结构的受力分析及抗震性能研究提供理论依据.     

燕尾榫样式对CFRP加固榫卯接长木梁抗弯性能影响试验

通过11根木梁的静力受弯试验,研究燕尾榫样式对榫卯接长木梁加固后的抗弯性能的影响.试验结果表明,未加固前榫卯接长木梁承载力较低,仅为完整木梁的1.00%~2.62%,经CFRP布加固后其抗弯承载力可提高至完整木梁的50%~83.33%;旋转90°后,传统燕尾榫进行榫卯接长和采用榫头带榫肩接长,其抗弯承载力和能量吸收能力提高.燕尾榫榫头斜率从0.1变化至0.3,木梁的抗弯承载力和能量吸收能力随之提高,其抗弯承载力分别可达完整木梁的71.43%~83.33%,能量吸收能力分别达完整木梁的43.01%~61.33%.当燕尾榫榫头长度超过传统燕尾榫榫头长度时,其抗弯承载力、能量吸收能力和刚度反而降低.     

江浙地区抬梁和穿斗木构体系典型榫卯节点受力性能

针对江浙地区抬梁和穿斗木构体系中馒头榫、透榫、半榫及瓜柱柱脚直榫4种典型榫卯节点,通过试验研究其在低周反复荷载作用下的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、转角刚度、延性系数及耗能能力.结果表明:馒头榫、透榫、半榫节点的滞回曲线均呈Z形,具有明显的捏拢特性,而瓜柱柱脚直榫节点的滞回曲线呈反S形,较不饱满;这4种榫卯试件均经历了弹性阶段、屈服阶段和破坏阶段,耗能能力随着节点转角的增加而减小;在节点耗能能力上,按从优到劣排序分别为半榫、馒头榫、透榫、瓜柱柱脚直榫.研究结果可为抬梁和穿斗木构建筑的计算分析及保护修缮提供理论基础.     

拔榫状态下的古建筑木结构透榫节点试验

为了准确把握节点拔榫与木构架力学性能的关系,进而为整体结构的安全性评价提供依据。本文按照《清式营造则例》大式建筑的尺寸,建立了缩尺比为1：2的四个不同拔榫程度的一榀透榫构架模型,通过对其进行竖向加载试验,得出了节点主要破坏形式、跨中P—A曲线,根据试验数据,分析了透榫半刚性连接特性和不同拔榫下榫卯节点的受力过程,并首次提出了榫卯连接受力过程分为铰接和刚接两个阶段。研究结果,可为古建筑研究者在进行类似结构分析及修缮加固中提供参考依据。     

带空隙透榫节点弯矩-转角关系理论分析

为研究带空隙的典型不对称榫卯节点——透榫节点的弯矩-转角关系,构建了节点的埋置嵌压作用力学模型.通过建立平衡方程、物理方程及几何关系,推导了节点的弯矩-转角理论计算公式,并与试验结果进行了对比,分析表明:理论计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.进一步定量分析了空隙g以及摩擦因数μ对节点弯矩和初始转动刚度的影响,结果表明:随着空隙g的增大,透榫节点正反向初始转动刚度均逐渐减小,且与空隙g基本呈线性变化;正反向加载情况下,透榫节点弯矩和转动刚度均随摩擦因数的增大而逐渐增大,尤其在节点屈服后表现更加突出;节点间空隙是节点弯矩和转动刚度的主要影响因素,摩擦因数对节点弯矩和转动刚度的影响略小于空隙的影响.所得结果可为古建筑木结构的加固保护提供理论依据.     

瓜柱柱脚直榫节点受弯力学模型研究

为了研究古木结构中瓜柱柱脚直榫节点的受弯性能,设计了3个不同尺寸的缩尺试件模型.通过单调加载试验,获得了节点的弯矩-转角关系以及最终破坏形态.运用大型有限元分析软件,采用实体单元对节点的受弯性能进行数值模拟.结合试验研究和数值模拟结果,在一定简化假定的基础上建立了节点受弯时的简化力学模型.研究结果表明:瓜柱柱脚直榫节点的主要破坏类型为脱榫破坏;受弯时节点的抵抗力矩主要由柱顶轴压力对转动点来合成;节点的弯矩-转角曲线可以简化为带下降段的双折线模型.     

江南地区传统木构建筑半榫节点受力性能研究

对江南地区传统木构建筑中常见的半榫节点受力性能进行了试验和理论研究.通过试验获取该种榫卯节点在低周反复荷载作用下的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、转角刚度.结果表明:该种榫卯节点的滞回曲线基本上都呈Z形,具有明显的捏拢特性.该种榫卯试件均经历了弹性阶段、屈服阶段和破坏阶段.此外,综合考虑半榫节点的接触非线性和木材的材料非线性,采用ANSYS非线性有限元方法对其受力性能进行分析,有限元分析结果和试验结果较为吻合,通过分析,获取了半榫节点的平面内(竖向)转角刚度、平面外(水平)转角刚度和扭转刚度的相互关系,可近似归纳为1.4∶1.0∶1.1.研究结果可为江南地区传统木构建筑的计算分析及保护修缮提供理论基础.     

木结构榫卯节点耐火极限试验研究

为研究我国古建木结构榫卯节点的抗火性能,进行了4个燕尾榫榫卯节点的耐火极限试验、以及1个未受火对比试件的承载力试验研究.承载力试验表明,未受火对比试件的梁跨中竖向位移基本随荷载线性变化,没有明显屈服点,延性较差.根据该对比试件的承载力试验值、以及各耐火极限试件持荷比参数取值,确定了耐火极限试件的预加恒定荷载值.耐火极限试验中,持荷比25%,37.5%,50%试件的耐火极限分别为59,44,21min,持荷比50%并涂有防火涂料试件的耐火极限为58min,表明持荷比的减小、以及采用防火涂料均可显著提高耐火极限.温度数据表明,持荷比对温度上升速率没有明显的影响,榫头与卯口之间2~4mm的微小间隙对传热的影响几乎可以忽略.     

复合榫卯节点连接特性拟静力试验研究

实际工程中的榫卯节点往往形式复杂,由多种不同榫卯连接形式组合而成,称这类节点为复合榫卯节点,目前复合榫卯节点的连接特性尚不明确.基于沈阳故宫文溯阁古建筑,以影响该建筑力学特性和抗震性能的一个重要的复合榫卯节点作为试验对象,进行拟静力试验研究,分析讨论了该节点的受力变形特征及其破坏形式.得到了相应的弯矩-转角滞回曲线、骨架曲线、特征参数和恢复力模型.试验结果表明复合榫卯节点拥有良好的变形性能,破坏形式为榫头脱出量超过规范要求导致的破坏,弯矩-转角滞回曲线呈Z字形,验证了复合榫卯节点的半刚性能.所得到的恢复力模型可以为文溯阁古建筑的有限元分析提供必要的理论依据,也可为同类型木结构古建筑的保护和修复提供可靠的试验基础.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.