密闭空间净化二氧化碳的实验研究

研究了不同化学吸附剂在密闭空间去除二氧化碳的效果.结果表明,反应塔高径比对氢氧化钙、钠石灰吸附二氧化碳有较明显的影响,对氢氧化锂吸附二氧化碳影响不显著.三种吸附剂的最优吸附塔高为80 mm,钠石灰去除二氧化碳的效果最好.     

氢氧化锂-活性炭纤维材料的制备和性能试验

为防止高浓度CO2对人体的伤害，研制了一种氢氧化锂-活性炭纤维复合材料，来对CO2进行化学吸附，观察了通风工况和多级吸附方式对材料吸附性能的影响。结果表明：提高进风温度或降低进风速度使材料吸附率升高；而相对湿度对材料吸附率没有影响。在分别进行的3、6、10级吸附试验中。材料吸附率最大变化幅值为1．8％。该材料吸附二氧化碳的性能稳定，适合在地下工程、潜艇等湿度较高的密闭环境中使用。     

水体中六价铬生物吸附与解吸附条件与特性

以毛霉(MucorLH3)菌体作为吸附剂,对水体中的Cr(VI)进行生物吸附与解吸附研究,对吸附实验条件进行了优化.实验结果表明,酸性环境条件(pH1)以及温度28℃有利于Cr(VI)的生物吸附,在8 h内Cr(VI)的生物吸附去除效率达99%.对5种解吸附剂进行解吸附对比,0.1 mol/LNaOH溶液解吸附效果最好,解吸附率达到98.6%,为最优解吸附剂.5次吸附-解吸附循环实验表明:毛霉最作为吸附剂对Cr(VI)的吸附效果比较理想,通过解吸附可以很好地做到重复利用吸附剂.     

不同极性吸附质交替吸附对吸附性能的影响

研究四种吸附剂(两种市售活性炭和两种自制硅胶)对甲醇、正己烷和水蒸气的交替吸附性能以及动态吸附过程中吸附剂温度的的变化。结果表明:吸附顺序的不同对吸附剂最后总的吸附量没有较大的影响,相比先吸附正己烷对吸附剂的影响大于先吸附甲醇对吸附剂的影响;活性炭吸附少量的甲醇对水的吸附率影响较大,AC-1吸水率降低71.7%,AC-2降低98.4%;硅胶吸附少量的甲醇后再吸附水时吸附率为负,而先吸附少量的水后因为甲醇和水的互溶,所以硅胶吸附甲醇的效果会得到一定的提高,SG-1提高69.5%,SG-2提高了81.1%,因此在需要紧急处理时可以先短暂的吸附水之后再去吸附甲醇;甲醇的解吸率高于正己烷的解吸率,硅胶的解吸比活性炭的解吸的更彻底,解吸之后活性炭的吸附率明显降低,因此连续性长期使用可以选择硅胶作为吸附剂;AC、SG最大温差分别为23.3℃、13.5℃、18.2℃和21.4℃,AC-2对甲醇具有较大的吸附量,温度变化较小,为以后应用于醇类的吸附回收技术提供实验支撑。     

泥炭对重金属离子的吸附性能

以泥炭为吸附剂对Pb2 、Ni2 、Cu2 重金属离子进行吸附实验,探讨pH、吸附时间、吸附剂质量浓度对吸附剂吸附性能的影响.实验表明:采用泥炭作为吸附剂时,pH=6、吸附剂质量浓度为2g/L、吸附时间为2 h时对重金属离子的吸附效果最佳,其中,对Pb2 去除效果最好,去除率可达97%;其次是Ni2 ,去除率为83%;吸附效果不好的是Cu2 ,吸附率仅为65%.采用壳聚糖与泥炭复配吸附Cu2 ,吸附率可达到85.28%.     

天然沸石及其改性对污水中磷的吸附

针对污水处理后的排放未达标水体,利用沸石这种天然价廉的多孔材料,经过一系列改性,引入活性功能基团,得到高效稳定的除磷吸附剂.以天然沸石为原材料,研究发现原始沸石的吸附效果不佳只能达到10%~20%,对其进行时间、温度单因素实验,进行比对.由于去除效果不佳选择对其进行改性,通过对酸碱盐分别浸泡,最后得出用20%Mg Cl2最佳,利用静态试验考察了p H值、温度、吸附剂投加量、吸附时间等方面对吸附剂吸附容量的影响;去除率在条件适宜时能达到70%~80%.最后对时间、温度、投加量进值行正交试验研究,确定了吸附的最佳条件为25℃,160 min,5 g,此时去除效果可达78%.     

CuUSY分子筛制备及其吸附脱硫性能研究

以USY分子筛为基体,通过离子负载改性制备负载有Cu2+的USY分子筛,并对其进行X射线衍射(XRD)、原子吸收光谱(AAS)和N2吸附比表面积(BET)等表征分析。以噻吩-石油醚体系为模型化合物,考察硝酸铜质量分数、离子交换时间以及焙烧温度等制备条件对吸附剂吸附性能的影响以及吸附时间、吸附温度和吸附剂用量对吸附剂脱硫率的影响。结果表明:离子交换时间为72 h、硝酸铜质量分数为16.5%、焙烧温度为500℃时吸附剂的脱硫效果最好;在原料10 mL、吸附剂用量0.4 g、吸附时间30 min、吸附温度40℃的条件下,吸附剂的脱硫率达到74.6%;CuUSY分子筛的吸附动力学符合准二级速率方程,平衡吸附容量q2=0.1116,初始吸附速率k2=0.013 g.(mg.min)-1。     

煤渣吸附锌的影响因素研究

由于煤渣中含有许多活性组分,且结构松散,比表面积大,具有一定的吸附能力。在实验室的条件下,利用煤渣的吸附性能,对含锌废水吸附影响因素进行研究。分别在不同pH值、不同吸附时间、不同吸附剂投入量、不同离子初始浓度及不同吸附温度的影响条件下,对改性煤渣吸附性能进行测定。实验结果表明：无机改性煤渣及有机改性煤渣吸附的最佳pH为弱酸性;无机改性煤渣及有机改性煤渣的最佳吸附时间分别为15min和60min,无机改性煤渣吸附速度较快;无机改性煤渣及有机改性煤渣最佳吸附剂用量分别为14．5g／L,16g／L;改性煤渣对低浓度锌离子废水去除效果较好;改性煤渣对锌离子去除效果随温度升高有所下降,温度为22℃去除效果较好。     

柑橘渣吸附剂对六价铬的吸附性能

用廉价的柑橘渣吸附剂去除水溶液中的六价铬Cr(Ⅵ),研究柑橘渣吸附剂的吸附性能影响因素,并对其吸附机理进行探讨.研究结果表明,接触时间、pH值、液固比对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附影响较大;当pH=4、温度为40℃时,11 h后基本达到吸附平衡,液固比(六价铬与吸附剂的比值)为18 mg/g时吸附量为12.85 mg/g;采用最小二乘法计算的理论饱和吸附量为13.74 mg/g.吸附过程符合Bangham动力学吸附模型,并且在低浓度范围内可用Langmuir、Freundlich吸附等温线来描述.实验结果和吸附机理表明,柑橘渣吸附剂能够有效地处理含Cr(Ⅵ)废水.     

密闭空间有害气体的吸附材料研究

吸附剂的发展是制约吸附技术运用的重要因素.在分析目前国内外吸附材料的特性的基础上,针对其存在的问题,研制出了新型的有害气体吸附材料,通过实验证明,这种吸附材料能够有效地去除密闭空间中较典型的有害气体,对CO2、H2S、NH3以及NO2的消除率均达到了82%以上.重点介绍了净化材料的工业化制备方法,通过多次试验,优化了材料的制备方法,解决了制备净化材料的关键技术.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to