入侵植物大狼把草对2种农作物的化感作用

运用水浸提法提取入侵植物大狼把草茎叶化感物质,通过对比试验研究了不同浓度的大狼把草茎叶水浸液对大麦和小麦种子萌发以及幼苗生长发育的影响.结果表明,大狼把草浸提液对大麦种子的萌发有显著抑制作用,对小麦种子萌发抑制作用不明显.除50g/L浸提液外,其余处理对大麦和小麦苗高和根长均有显著的抑制作用.浸提液对2种作物根的分化均有一定抑制性,其中,对小麦根的分化抑制作用较大.大狼把草浸提液对小麦及大麦化感作用的综合效应为抑制作用,对大麦的抑制力大于小麦.     

加拿大一枝黄花水浸提液对禾谷类作物的影响

研究了加拿大一枝黄花水浸提液对玉米、高粱、小麦3种作物种子和幼苗的影响.实验结果表明:高浓度的水浸提液对3种作物种子萌发和幼苗生长有明显的抑制作用,而低浓度则不明显;相同浓度,地上茎叶水浸提液的抑制作用要强于地下部分.实验还表明高浓度水浸提液显著抑制3种作物种子淀粉酶活力和幼苗根系活力.     

艾蒿水浸提液对冰草和披碱草种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用

为研究艾蒿对冰草和披碱草生长的化感作用,采用培养皿滤纸法,以蒸馏水作对照,研究3种不同梯度(50,100,200g/m2)的艾蒿茎、叶水浸提液对冰草和披碱草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:在种子萌发时期,艾蒿茎、叶水浸提液对冰草和披碱草的化感作用不明显,只有冰草的萌发指数受到艾蒿茎不同处理水浸提液的影响显著;在幼苗生长时期,艾蒿茎、叶水浸提液对冰草和披碱草幼苗芽长和根长的化感作用显著,其中冰草和披碱草的根长受到了艾蒿水浸提液的显著抑制,且抑制作用随水浸提液梯度升高而加强,另外发现冰草的干重随水浸提液梯度升高而增加,随水浸提液梯度降低而减少.这说明:艾蒿茎、叶对披碱草和冰草存在一定的化学抑制作用,有可能会通过雨水淋溶后抑制受体植物幼根的生长,从而来扩大自身种群而抑制其他植物的生长.因此,为了恢复和扩大天然草地优良牧草的比重,建议在天然草场中应尽量减少艾蒿凋落物量的积累.     

蓝桉叶对黑麦草化感作用及其机理的初步研究

选用多年生黑麦草为受体,采用溶液培养法初步研究了不同质量浓度蓝桉叶水浸提液对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用及其生理生化的机制.结果表明:不同质量浓度的蓝桉叶水浸提液对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长均有不同程度的影响,表现为低质量浓度促进、高质量浓度抑制,0.02g/mL时促进作用最明显,0.10g/mL时抑制作用最明显,且0.02g/mL处理对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长比较有利;不同质量浓度的蓝桉叶水浸提液使黑麦草体内的SOD,POD活性先升后降,CAT活性逐渐升高,O2.-和MDA含量逐渐增加,并且在0.02～0.04g/mL下处理效果最好;随着蓝桉叶水浸提液质量浓度的增加,叶绿素含量先升后降,在高质量浓度时,细胞受到一定破坏,影响叶绿素合成和光合作用.从而得出:低质量浓度蓝桉叶化感物质对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长具有一定的促进效应,高质量浓度抑制效果明显,0.02～0.04g/mL为最佳处理模式.     

三叶鬼针草水浸提液对两种牧草种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响

采用室内生物监测法研究了三叶鬼针草植株水浸提液对白三叶、紫花苜蓿两种牧草种子萌发与幼苗生长的化感效应。结果表明,低浓度(≤20 mg/mL)的水浸提液对两种牧草种子幼芽的生长具有一定的促进作用;高浓度(≥100 mg/mL)的水浸液能够对其种子萌发与幼苗生长产生显著的抑制作用,种子的发芽势和萌发率下降,幼芽和根生长的长度缩短,芽长和根长抑制指数上升,且随着浸提液浓度的增加其抑制效应不断增强。说明三叶鬼针草具有较强的化感作用。     

三叶鬼针草对岩溶木本植物任豆和香椿的化感作用

为了探讨三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)对岩溶木本植物的化感作用,利用生物检测法研究了三叶鬼针草叶和根水浸液对任豆(Zenia insignis Chun)和香椿(Toona sinensis Roem.)的种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,及叶水浸液对任豆和香椿幼苗光合作用的影响.结果表明,三叶鬼针草叶片水浸液对香椿的种子萌发和幼苗生长有明显抑制作用,根部水浸液仅在高浓度(0.1g/ml)对香椿的种子萌发和幼苗生长有轻微抑制作用;三叶鬼针草叶片和根部的水浸液在0.1g/ml浓度时对任豆种子萌芽和幼苗生长有轻微抑制作用,其它浓度时均为促进作用.香椿的种子萌芽和幼苗生长对三叶鬼针草浸提液比任豆更敏感;叶片的化感抑制作用强于根部.三叶鬼针草使任豆幼苗的净光合速率下降,使香椿幼苗的净光合速率增强.     

杂草对濒危植物长喙毛茛泽泻他感作用的研究

研究了濒危植物长喙毛茛泽泻(Ranalisma rostrata)与其所在群落中主要物种莼莱(Brasemia schreberi)、柳叶箬(Isachne globosa)和疏忽蓼(Polygonum Praetermissum)之间的他感作用。研究表明,三种植物中柳叶箬和疏忽蓼的挥发物和水浸提液对长喙毛茛泽泻种子萌发有明显的抑制作用．对幼苗生长的影响主要表现在对幼根生长的抑制和根系形态的改变上,对幼芽伸长的影响则很小。莼菜的挥发物和水浸提液对长喙毛茛泽泻种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响很小。     

外来杂草黄顶菊Flaveriabidentis对4种重要作物的化感抑制效应测定

将黄顶菊植株根茎和叶片通过浸提方式提取获得其水浸液,用以培养玉米、小麦、大豆、白菜种子和幼苗,测定种子发芽和幼苗生物量,另外还将4种作物种子播种于采集的黄顶菊根部土壤中观察种子萌发和幼苗生长情况.测定结果表明:黄顶菊植株水浸液和其根部土壤对4种作物生长具有不同程度的抑制作用,种子的发芽率和发芽速度降低;种子萌发后的幼苗生长受到明显抑制,幼苗高度降低而根系长度和鲜质量增长.同时经处理的作物植株出现叶片数减少,叶色发黄,茎秆弱小等异常症状,说明黄顶菊对测试的几种作物生长有明显的阻碍性化感作用.     

栾树水浸液对白三叶种子萌发的化感效应

为探究栾树(Koelreuteria bipinnata Franch.var.integrifoliola Merr.T.Chen)不同器官水浸液对白三叶(Trifolium repens)种子萌发的化感作用,采用培养皿滤纸法研究了5种不同浓度(0.00、12.50、25.00、50.00和100.00mg·mL-1)栾树根、茎、叶水浸提液对白三叶种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:低浓度栾树根水浸液(12.5和25.0mg·mL-1)对白三叶种子萌发率、萌发指数和单株重没有显著影响,高浓度(50.00和100.00 mg·mL-1)有抑制作用,浓度越高,抑制作用越强;栾树叶水浸液对白三叶种子萌发的影响与根水浸液基本一致;栾树茎水浸液对白三叶种子萌发率和萌发指数没有显著影响,高浓度处理(100.00mg·mL-1)显著降低单株重.不同器官水浸液对白三叶种子萌发的化感抑制作用强弱依次为叶根茎.     

三叶鬼针草和胜红蓟的叶浸提液对旱稻种子萌发的影响

通过测定旱稻种子萌发率、根长、苗高、根系活力、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等6项生理指标,研究了三叶鬼针草和胜红蓟的叶浸提液对旱稻种子萌发的影响。结果表明:三叶鬼针草和胜红蓟的叶浸提液对旱稻种子萌发具有抑制作用。在较低浓度下,两种植物的叶浸提液降低了旱稻种子的萌发率,抑制了幼苗根和茎的生长,降低幼苗的根系活力,提高了POD和SOD的活性,从而抑制旱稻种子萌发及生长。综合各项指标,在相同浸提液浓度下,胜红蓟对旱稻种子萌发及生长抑制作用更强。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.