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1.
原位合成NbC及Nb/C比对Ni-Si体系组织的影响   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1  
利用激光熔覆技术,以Ni、Si、Nb和C元素粉末为原料,改变[Nb C]加入量及Nb和C之间的相对量,在高温合金表面原位合成NbC/Ni3Si基复合材料涂层.借助金相显微镜,X射线衍射仪对涂层组织进行分析.结果表明,熔覆层由-γNi固溶体、Ni3(Si,Nb)和NbC组成.衍射图中NbC峰的出现证明在激光熔覆过程中NbC强化相可以由Nb和C直接原位反应形成.当NbC的质量分数增加时,熔覆层的枝晶组织明显变细,主要以树枝状、等轴晶的形态存在.当NbC的质量分数一定,Nb相对量较多时,枝晶间形成弥散分布的富Nb增强相Nb3Ni2Si,增强了熔覆层的强度,另一方面还阻止晶粒长大使熔覆层组织细化;当C元素相对过量时,会以游离态的形式析出,从光学显微组织观察发现对晶粒有细化效果.  相似文献   

2.
激光熔覆制备Fe-Si合金涂层显微组织分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在碳钢表面预置3Fe/Si混合粉末和Fe3Si粉末,采用激光熔覆技术制备Fe3Si金属间化合物涂层.利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、能谱分析仪和X射线仪对熔覆层组织进行分析,测试其显微硬度.结果发现,熔覆层与基体冶金结合良好,熔覆层组织主要由γ-Fe和Fe3Si金属间化合物组成.Fe3Si相的形态主要呈现为规则的多边形等轴晶和不规则的等轴晶.Fe3Si涂层组织比3Fe/Si涂层均匀细化,且硬度也比较高.  相似文献   

3.
采用CO2激光在TC4合金表面熔覆TiN—Ti和TiN—NiCrBSi金属陶瓷涂层,利用XRD和SEM等分析了熔覆层的微观组织,测试了熔覆层的硬度,结果表明:在TiN—Ti激光熔覆层中,表层TiN颗粒全部溶解,底层TiN颗粒部分溶解,熔覆层的组织是在α—Ti基体上分布着TiN树枝晶和TiN颗粒,熔覆层的显微硬度在400~700HV之间;TiN—NiCrBSi激光熔覆层的组织γ-Ni树枝晶和TiN颗粒等相组成,显微硬度在900-1200HV之间;熔覆层与基材结合区为TC4合金和Ni基合金的混和凝固区,呈现树枝晶和胞状晶形态,显微硬度在600~650HV之间.  相似文献   

4.
利用10kW的CO2激光器在409L铁素体不锈钢表面激光熔覆w(Mo2C)=20%的Mo2C/Co基涂层,运用SEM、EDS、XRD及显微硬度仪观察和分析激光功率和扫描速度对熔覆层成型性、尺寸、组织及性能的影响.结果表明:激光熔覆合理的工艺参数为:P=3.6kW,v=8mm/s;钴基熔覆层组织由平面晶、柱状晶、树枝晶构成,熔覆层中物相主要为Mo2C颗粒、亚共晶γ-Co和共晶碳化物Cr23C6、Cr7C3;由于Mo2C颗粒加入,凝固组织的晶粒尺寸减小、晶粒细化,涂层的显微硬度从870HV提高至1 400HV.  相似文献   

5.
为了解决导辊零部件表面易磨损失效问题,采用激光熔覆在GCR15轴承钢表面制备了不同WC含量铁基复合熔覆层.分别通过SEM、EDS、XRD和磨损试验机对熔覆层微观组织、元素分布、物相组成和耐磨性能进行分析.结果发现,WC的添加量对合金熔覆层组织及性能影响较大.熔覆层与GCR15轴承钢基材冶金结合良好,熔覆层组织主要由胞状晶和等轴树枝晶组成,物相以Fe_3W_3C、Fe_2W_2C为主.熔覆层平均显微硬度随WC含量的增加而增加,其中WC含量为质量分数50%的熔覆层平均显微硬度最高,约为基材的3倍.在耐磨性能方面,磨损机理主要为磨料磨损和氧化磨损.随着熔覆层WC质量分数的增加,磨损量先减小后变大,WC含量为质量分数30%的熔覆层耐磨性能最佳.  相似文献   

6.
研究了激光熔覆功率、扫描速度和熔覆材料对熔覆层组织结构与耐磨性等的影响.结果表明:梯度熔覆层连续完整,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,与45钢基体呈冶金结合状态.熔覆层显微组织特征为枝晶、等轴晶等多种形貌的快速凝固组织,由α-Fe,CrNiFe-C和Cr7C3等组成.熔覆层显微硬度呈梯度分布,表层硬度达7.48GPa,过渡层硬度达5.52GPa,分别是基体硬度的3.74和2.76倍.激光熔覆技术可显著提高45钢的耐磨性能.  相似文献   

7.
16Mn钢表面激光溶覆铁合金层的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用C02激光器在16Mn钢表面实现Fe—Cr—Ni—B激光熔覆。观察了激光对熔覆层组织和显微硬度的影响;采用扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪分析熔覆层的成分和相组成。结果表明,熔覆层组织是树枝晶及胞状晶,熔覆层以非平衡的(Fe,Cr)相、(Fe,Ni)相存在。激光功率的提高位炼覆层组织细化、显微硬度提高,并使硬度分布更加趋于合理。  相似文献   

8.
采用双光束激光修复发动机叶片K417的表面裂纹.修复区中,从过渡区到堆焊层的组织结构变化为由平面晶过渡到胞晶、树枝晶、等轴晶及柱状组织.修复区的相结构中,枝晶骨架主要是过饱和的α′-Co,并溶有大量的Ni及一定量的Cr和Al;枝晶间主要由α′-Co,Cr23C6,Co2B,Co-Ni-Mo和Ni4B3构成;枝晶上的黑色析出物为原位形核形成的TiSi和VSi颗粒.  相似文献   

9.
零件表面裂纹激光修复的组织结构研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用双光束激光修复发动机叶片K417的表面裂纹.修复区中,从过渡区到堆焊层的组织结构变化为由平面晶过渡到胞晶、树枝晶、等轴晶及柱状组织.修复区的相结构中,枝晶骨架主要是过饱和的α′-Co,并溶有大量的Ni及一定量的Cr和Al;枝晶间主要由α′-Co,Cr23C6,Co2B,Co-Ni-Mo和Ni4B3构成;枝晶上的黑色析出物为原位形核形成的TiSi和VSi颗粒.  相似文献   

10.
采用基于激光熔覆的方法实现了大磨损量的风机轴颈的修复.为了表征修复效果的优劣,对熔覆层的微观组织进行了测试,结果表明其微观组织多为等轴晶,在结合面位置有少量的枝晶,熔覆层和基体结合比较紧密,界面分明,形成了较好的冶金结合.显微硬度测试结果表明熔覆层的硬度较高,且只在一定范围内波动.而在过渡区显微硬度急剧下降,基体处显微硬度较低.试验结果表明激光熔覆技术可实现大磨损量轴颈的修复,修复表面组织细密、硬度高,且具有较高的耐磨性.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

14.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

15.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

16.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

17.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

18.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

19.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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