光纤光栅测力环及其应用

基于光纤光栅传感原理,将光纤光栅应变传感器、温度传感器与弹性体组合在一起,研制出了光纤光栅测力环.该装置同时测量构件所受应力和温度,并对结果进行补偿以提高测试精度.光纤光栅测力环已成功应用于国内某桥系杆换索施工的监测,实践表明在一般建筑工程环境下,其测量精度可达到±2%,大大优于其他测量工具.因此,光纤光栅测力环可以实时精确地监测工程结构的温度及应力变化状态.     

基于温度补偿高双折射光纤环镜的边缘滤波解调方法

提出了一种光纤光栅传感解调新方法.系统由1个3dB耦合器、1个传感光纤布喇格光栅、1个双折射光纤环镜和1个探测器构成,高双折射光纤环镜作为边缘滤波器.光纤光栅波长的线性解调带宽为3.6nm.对双折射光纤环镜的温度补偿进行了实验研究,实验表明,封装的高双折射光纤环镜能够补偿高双折射光纤环镜的温度漂移.补偿前的高双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移为2.3 nm/℃,补偿后的双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移为0.005 nm/℃,远小于未补偿的双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移.     

一种光纤光栅加速度传感系统

研制了一种高精度、低成本适合于地震勘探和矿山安全等工程领域的光纤光栅加速度传感系统。该系统利用加速度改变光纤光栅中心波长的原理工作,可以有效消除温度漂移对动态应变测量的影响。实验结果表明,传感器频响在2-100Hz,灵敏度1．2pm／με,动态范围达80dB,是一种较为理想的光纤加速度传感系统。     

光纤光栅温度传感器在地源热泵中应用

地源热泵应用地下土壤的地热资源，为建筑冬季供暖和夏季制冷．为了实时监测地源热泵工作过程中垂直盘管换热器周围土壤温度的变化，应用3个自行研制的光纤光栅温度传感器。组成分布式光纤光栅温度监测系统对其进行监测．3个光纤光栅温度传感器分别安置在25m垂直盘管的5、15和25m处．垂直盘管安装完后，应用FBG波长解调系统采集数据．采用双层钢管封装的光纤光栅温度传感器，有效消除了应变对光纤光栅的影响，同时也提高了光纤光栅的温度灵敏度．该光纤光栅温度传感系统对地源热泵长期工作状态进行了监测，监测结果与理论计算结果符合很好．     

光纤布拉格光栅传感器的一种波长解调方法

光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）经过中心波长解调,可实现对应变、温度等物理量的高精度传感检测．在光纤光栅传感中,如何检测中心波长的微小移位是传感解调的核心问题．为此,文中介绍了一种基于互相关原理的FBG中心波长解调方法．FBG的初始光谱和被调制后的受扰光谱形状相似,只是中心波长产生了漂移,通过对初始光谱与受扰光谱互相关值的解算,即可解调出中心波长的位移量．将实验结果与自相关法、功率加权法和最小二乘法等波长解调方法进行了对比,结果表明互相关方法可以有效地进行中心波长解调．     

光纤布喇格光栅应变传感灵敏度的分析

分析了光纤布喇格光栅分别在轴向应变和径向应变情况下的传感特性，在理论上推导了光纤布喇格光栅的应变-波长位移数学模型，讨论了轴向应变灵敏度和径向应变灵敏度的异同，并且给出了计算机仿真实验结果．光纤布喇格光栅传感器在实际应用中，安装方位对光纤应变测量有很大影响，分析了轴向应变和径向应变同时存在的情况下，不同的安装方位及其不同的应变比导致光纤布喇格光栅传感灵敏度的变化，同时给出了计算机仿真实验结果．     

双光纤布拉格光栅温度和应变传感研究

在对光纤布拉格光栅温度和应变传感原理分析的基础上，构建了一种易于实用化的，能够实现温度和应变双参量同时区分测量的双光纤布拉格光栅传感器结构，并建立了其传感模型，从而解决了光纤布拉格光栅传感器进一步发展的关键问题，即温度、应变交叉敏感问题．最后，在现有的实验条件下设计了该模型的传感实验系统．实验结果表明，当被测温度变化在10～65℃，轴向应变在50με～350με范围内时，测量结果与实际值很接近，从而证明了双光纤布拉格光栅结构传感模型的正确性，并为其深入研究和实用化奠定了一定的理论和实验基础．     

量子保密通信中光纤光栅的波长稳定性研究

为了改善量子保密通信设备中所用光纤布拉格光栅的长期波长稳定性,从工艺角度提出了采用特殊光纤涂覆层材料对常规的光纤光栅加以改进,并制作了基于新工艺的双金属温度补偿光纤光栅样品.理论研究了温度和应力等因素对光纤光栅中心波长的影响,分析了光纤光栅温度补偿的原理和方法.通过高温加速老化的方法,监测了所制作的新工艺光纤光栅样品在等效3年时间内中心波长变化情况,同时对比测试了原有工艺的部分样品.分析了所制作的光纤光栅在特定传输距离时应用于量子保密通信中的滤波特性.结果表明,新工艺的光纤光栅在3年等效老化时间内,中心波长漂移量均在产品允许的最大漂移范围内,较常规的光纤光栅工艺有较大改善,满足设备长期运行时对波长漂移精度的使用要求.     

阵列波导光栅解调的光纤光栅振动频率检测技术

提出一种基于阵列波导光栅相对强度解调的光纤光栅振动频率检测方法．振动引起的光纤光栅布拉格波长漂移由阵列波导光栅中相对应的2个相邻输出通道的相对光强变化进行解调,利用数据采集卡和虚拟仪器软件对其光电转换信号进行数据采集和频谱分析可得到振动频率．实验结果表明,该方法测出的振动频率与振动源设置的频率相吻合,且可有效消除由光源不稳定、微弯损耗等引起的误差影响,能够更方便实现准分布式光纤光栅振动传感系统的快速、准确测量．     

基于光纤光栅的振动参数监测及信号处理系统

针对光纤光栅传感与其他传感技术相比,有其独特的优点,对光纤光栅传感器进行了理论分析,建立了通过测量光纤光栅传感元件的波长而得到振动参数的理论模型,介绍了测量信号处理系统的结构,作了光纤光栅传感器与加速度传感器的振动参数监测实验,并对实验结果进行了比较。结果表明,光纤光栅传感器的性能很好,可以用于低频振动结构的动态实时监测。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。