壳聚糖固定化木瓜蛋白酶的制备及性质

以壳聚糖为载体 ,戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化木瓜蛋白酶 .研究了固定化时间、温度、pH值、给酶量和戊二醛浓度对固定化木瓜蛋白酶活力的影响 ,结果表明 :木瓜蛋白酶最佳固定化条件是给酶量为每克载体 10mg ,戊二醛浓度0 .5 % ,pH7.5 ,室温下 (2 5℃ )反应 10h .所制备的固定化木瓜蛋白酶的最适pH8.0 ,最适温度 70℃ ,与溶液酶相比 ,固定化酶的热稳定性显著提高     

壳聚糖固定化果胶酶的制备及其酶学性质研究

以1％壳聚糖与5％戊二醛交联8h制得交联壳聚糖载体,1g载体固定10mg的果胶酶,载体先与酶液缓慢振荡混合30min后,在固定化体系（pH3．4,4℃）中固定反应12h,该条件下制得的固定化酶强度大韧性好。酶活力回收率高达56．31％;固定化酶的最适温度50℃,最适pH3．4,Km^app值为5．42mg·mL^-1,连续使用7次后,酶活力还保留70．45％以上,具有较好的操作稳定性。     

壳聚糖固定化云芝漆酶的制备及特性

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化漆酶,测定了不同戊二醛浓度、交联时间、给酶量以及固定化时间对固定化漆酶活性的影响.结果表明,固定化反应的最佳条件为戊二醛浓度5%,交联时间8 h,给酶量20 mg/g载体,固定化时间6 h,在此条件下制备的固定化漆酶酶活性保持率为52.2%.此固定化漆酶具有最大活性时的溶液pH值在4.5,相比于自由漆酶的最佳pH值5.0,其向酸性偏移;与自由漆酶相比,固定化酶有很好的稳定性和可重复使用性.     

壳聚糖固定化木瓜蛋白酶的制备及性质

以壳聚糖为载体，戊二醛为交联剂制备固定化木瓜蛋白酶，研究了固定化时间、温度、pH值、给酶量和戊二醛浓度对固定化木瓜蛋白酶活力的影响，结果表明：木瓜蛋白酶最佳经条件是给酶量为每克载体10mg，戊二醛浓度0.5%，pH7.5，室温下（25℃）反应10h。所制备的固定化木瓜蛋白酶的最适pH8.0，最适温度70℃，与溶液酶相比，固定化酶的热稳定性显著提高。     

固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶的研究

以戊二醛为交联剂,将乙酰胆碱脂酶交联固定到硅胶载体上,研究了影响固定化酶的主要因素．通过酶活力的测定,确定了最佳戊二醛浓度、pH值、固定化时间、酶用量、固定化酶的最适作用温度、pH值、酶的稳定性及其回收率．结果表明：戊二醛浓度为0．5％,pH值为8．0,固定3．0h,酶与载体比例为30mg／g可制备良好的功能化载体．固定化乙酰胆碱脂酶最适作用温度和pH范围分别为40℃和6．0～9．0．重复使用10次固定化酶,回收率约为70％．     

壳聚糖固定化蚯蚓纤溶酶及其性质

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,用吸附交联法固定蚯蚓纤溶酶,对蚯蚓纤溶酶的固定化条件及固定化酶的各种性质进行了研究,确定了酶固定的最适条件:1 g用pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液浸泡的壳聚糖载体与5 mL体积分数为1%戊二醛在25℃交联8 h,充分洗去戊二醛之后,加入蚯蚓纤溶酶13 U,4℃吸附6 h,充分洗去未交联的游离酶,酶活力回收最高大约为63%,固定化酶的比活为0.082 U/mg.固定化酶,游离酶的最适温度均为50℃,游离酶的最适pH值为8.5,而固定化酶的最适pH值为8.0,固定化酶的热稳定性,pH稳定性均比游离酶有所提高,游离酶、固定化酶都能水解纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白,固定化酶不再水解BSA.     

阴离子交换树脂固定化果胶酶研究

以阴离子交换树脂为载体、戊二醛为交联剂,对果胶酶进行固定化分析,探讨了温度、pH值、时间、加酶量、戊二醛浓度、交联温度、交联时间对果胶酶固定化效果的影响,同时对固定化果胶酶的酶学特性进行研究.结果表明,果胶酶最佳固定化条件为:温度为40℃,pH值为5.5,固定化6 h,加酶量为0.75 mL/g树脂,戊二醛体积分数为0.1%,交联温度为4℃,交联时间4 h.在此条件下,固定化果胶酶的酶活回收率可达到80%以上.酶学特性试验表明,固定化果胶酶最适温度为60℃,最适pH值为4.0,具有较好的操作稳定性.     

多胺化壳聚糖载体固定化漆酶及其性质研究

以多胺化壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂固定化白毒鹅膏菌漆酶,研究了最佳固定化条件及固定化酶的部分性质.结果表明,戊二醛浓度2％,交联时间14h,固定化时间6h,给酶最70mg/g载体时同定化效果最佳,酶活力可达64.3 U/g.此固定化漆酶的Km为8.73mmol· L-1;最适pH值4.2,较自由漆酶向酸性偏移;最适反...     

修饰性载体固定化漆酶

采用壳聚糖铜固定化和交联酶聚集体的方法固定化漆酶.探索了固定化前后漆酶的最适温度、pH,热稳定性和金属离子对其活性的影响,交联漆酶聚集体制备的条件.结果为:游离漆酶的最适温度是20℃,最适pH是4.6;壳聚糖铜固定化漆酶的最适温度是25℃,最适pH是4.0;交联漆酶聚集体的最适温度是15℃,最适pH是3.6.固定化后漆酶的热稳定性提高,不同金属离子影响固定化漆酶的活性,其中K+的激活作用尤为明显.制备交联漆酶聚集体最适戊二醛浓度为1%,最适交联时间是2 h.     

甲醛改性壳聚糖固定酪氨酸酶的工艺研究

壳聚糖珠经戊二醛活化,再用甲醛对其表面进行改性后,用于固定酪氨酸酶。研究了戊二醛体积分数、甲醛体积分数、pH值以及给酶量对壳聚糖固定化酪氨酸酶活力的影响。同时,研究了壳聚糖固定化酪氨酸酶的性能。结果表明:甲醛改性壳聚糖固定化酪氨酸酶的最佳工艺条件为:戊二醛的体积分数为3％,溶液pH=8．0,甲醛体积分数为5％,给酶量为105 U／g载体。载体与戊二醛交联后,载体经甲醛处理再与酶反应,得到的固定化酶显示出很高的使用稳定性。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme