四川诺水河自然保护区铁溪河段水生生物资源现状及水质评价

【目的】考察四川诺水河自然保护区铁溪河段浮游植物群落特征、水质状况及鱼类资源的现状。【方法】于2020年8月在铁溪河段设置5个采样点，进行浮游植物采集、水体理化指标测定并对鱼类资源现状进行调查，运用Shannon Wiener物种多样性指数（H′）、Margalef物种丰富度指数（D）、Pielou均匀度指数(J)等对采样点水体的浮游植物群落结构特征进行分析，并结合综合水质标识指数法对采样点水体的水质进行综合评价。【结果】1） 共采集到浮游植物4门46属85种（含变种），其中硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）物种数最多。各采样点水体中浮游植物的平均密度为1.046 0个·L-1，平均生物量为1.856×10-1mg·L-1。2） 各采样点水体中浮游植物的H′、D和J的平均值分别为1.875 4、2.508 4和0.745 5。3） S1、S2、S3、S4和S5采样点水体综合水质标识指数依次为：1.500、1.802、1.200、1.500和1.500。4） 共采集到鱼类3目5科15种，其中鲤科（Cyprinidae）鱼类种数最多，占鱼类总种数的60%。【结论】四川诺水河自然保护区铁溪河段水质整体为Ⅰ类水质标准，水体处于轻度污染至中度污染状态。     

河道整治对水质及浮游生物群落特征的影响——以重庆市大足区窟窿河三驱镇段为例

【目的】调查进行综合治理后的重庆市大足区窟窿河三驱镇河段水质状况。【方法】于2015年11月对该河段中浮游生物指示种、多样性、群落结构及水质理化参数进行了调查。【结果】窟窿河三驱镇段共有浮游植物8门84属174种(含变种)、浮游动物3门25属33种。河段上、下游生物群落结构差异较大。浮游植物密度在上游两个采样点分别为1.35×107,1.58×107个·L~(-1),在下游采样点仅为4.3×106个·L~(-1);浮游动物密度在上游两个采样点分别为3.96×103,5.20×103个·L~(-1),在下游采样点则降至3.20×103个·L~(-1)。指示型为多污、中污带的3种隐藻即尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta)、啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)和卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)在河段上游为绝对优势种,而在下游仅少量发现,且优势种中的中污、寡污带指示种数量增多,暗示窟窿河水质有所好转。【结论】综合ShannonWeiner多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数的结果可知,经过治理后的河段浮游植物的丰富度与群落稳定性有所提高。综合营养状态指数的结果显示,研究河段水质由上游的中度/重度富营养状态向下游轻度富营养级转变。研究结果表明河道整治工程对研究河段水质有明显的改善作用。     

安邦河湿地夏季浮游植物对水质的生物监测

2005年7月，笔者对安邦河湿地浮游植物调查，运用浮游植物对其水质进行生物监测，结合综合营养状态指数法对其进行评价。营养指示种的结果表明，中、贫营养化指示种占优，富营养化指示种占有一定比例，说明水体以中、贫营养化为主，有部分富营养化。从数量来看，除了莲花池属于中营养外，全部为富营养化；从生物量来判断，全为中营养化水平。基于生物量的Shannon-Veaner指数评价结果显示，均为中营养化水平（0．93～3．30）。各站位的综合营养状态指数为30—50，均为中营养化状态，支持了浮游植物评价结果。由此可见，夏季安邦河湿地复季水质处于中营养状态，有向富营养化过渡的趋势。通过监测浮游植物可以正确反映其水质状况。     

普里河浮游生物群落结构、生物多样性及鱼类资源现状

【目的】研究三峡库区普里河浮游生物群落结构、生物多样性及鱼类资源现状，为普里河流域生态环境的监测和治理提供数据支撑。【方法】于2019年3—4月在普里河设置8个采样断面，开展浮游生物群落结构及鱼类资源现状调查与分析，并运用Shannon Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou指数(J)及Marglef指数(D)评价浮游生物的生物多样性，由此综合评价水质受污染程度。【结果】在普里河共采集到浮游植物6门44属92种，以硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)为主，硅藻门物种数占浮游植物总物种数的60.87%；浮游植物的密度和生物量平均值分别为4.0×104 个·L-1、0.061 9 mg·L-1；浮游植物H′、J和D的平均值分别为2.244 0、0.896 8和2.961 7。普里河的浮游动物共4门21属28种，以轮虫类(Rotifera)为主，轮虫类物种数占浮游动物总物种数的53.57%；浮游动物的密度与生物量平均值分别为246 个·L-1、3.684 7 mg·L-1；浮游动物H′、J和D的平均值分别为1.370 4、0.889 5和1.326 7。普里河的鱼类共3目5科24种，以鲤科(Cyprinidae)为主，鲤科物种数占全部鱼类物种数的62.5%。【结论】普里河流域整体水质污染程度为清洁至中度污染，鱼类资源与历史调查纪录相比有明显减少。普里河流域水生态治理与渔业资源保护管理工作需要重视和加强。     

红枫湖浮游植物分布(1995～1996)与水质污染评价初步研究

通过１９９５年４月至１９９６年６月逐月采样,对红枫湖浮游植物的种类组成、种群数量、季节变化、污染指示种、多样性指数、综合藻商、绿藻指数等方面进行研究,初步查清了红枫湖浮游植物的分布现状;选用生物指示法、藻类综合指数、绿藻指数、生物多样性指数等指标对水质污染及营养水平进行评价。红枫湖已受到重污染,属蓝———绿藻型富营养湖泊。     

贵州干流峡谷型水库——乌江渡水库浮游植物分布

于2005年枯水期、丰水期和平水期对贵州典型干流峡谷型水库乌江渡水库进行浮游植物调查和水化学分析.基于浮游植物的群落类型、数量和生物量、污染指示种、水质理化指标及生物多样性指数综合评价,乌江渡水库水质处于富营化状态,基本可达Ⅲ类水质,而且存在明显恶化趋势.     

滇池浮游植物的生物多样性调查研究

 根据2001年9月至2002年7月6个月滇池浮游植物种类和数量的调查结果,分析了该湖浮游植物的物种组成,通过Shannon指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Berger-Parker指数计算,从不同侧面研究了滇池的生物多样性水平.结果表明:调查期间共鉴定浮游植物106种及变种;浮游植物生物多样性在3月最高,而其他月份差别不明显,平面分布上南部高于北部,东部高于西部.     

广西钦州湾浮游植物群落结构特征

在广西钦州湾海域设置15个调查站位,分别于2010年5月（春季）、8月（夏季）、11月（秋季）和2011年2月（冬季）采集表层海水,用Shannon—Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种类、丰度的变化以及群落多样性等群落结构特征。共鉴定浮游植物79属193种（包括变型和变种）,隶属于6个门,硅藻种类最多,共48属149种,占总种类的77．2％,其种数和丰度都占绝对优势,平均丰度为10．47×10^4cells／L;其次为甲藻,16属28种,占总种类的14．5％,平均丰度为0．46×10^4cells／L。浮游植物丰度0．49×10^4～67．74×10^4cells／L,平均值为11．94×10^4cells／L,丰度变化为典型双峰型,春秋季高,夏冬季低。调查期间共出现10种优势种,不同季节优势种既有交叉又有演替。浮游植物群落的多样性指数冬季最高,春季最低。     

大苏干湖夏季浮游生物调查与水质评价

为了保护大苏干湖湿地生态系统,为其合理开发提供基础数据,2014年8月对大苏干湖浮游生物及水质进行了调查.共鉴定出浮游植物5门26属54种,优势种是舟形藻(Navicula)和鼓藻(Cosmarium),浮游动物10种.浮游植物细胞密度为1×104~1.3×105个/L,浮游动物细胞密度介于303~927个/L.理化指标中叶绿素、氨氮均较高,水体水质为V类或劣V类水.利用浮游植物的生物多样性指数(Margalef和Shannon-Weiner多样性指数)对大苏干湖进行了水质评价,该水体整体处于中度富营养化状态,水质处于中-重污染状态,与理化参数分析水质结果基本相同.     

苏州河水质与着生生物群落的生态学变化关系的研究

为了研究苏州河着生生物群落的生态学变化与水质之间的相互联系，于2001年夏秋两季对该河流三个断面的着生生物群落的生态学变化进行了连续观察，研究结果为：秋季和夏季相比，生物物种数增加，其生物优势种密度和个体密度降低，多样性指数升高；重污染水质指示生物种类数下降，轻污染水质指示生物种类数上升，表明着生生物群落的生态学变化对水质有较好的监测和指示作用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.