待发表文章摘要预报

转炉冶炼过程中合金成分控制模型龚　伟 ,姜周华 ,郑　万 ,陈念铀通过对转炉冶炼过程脱氧和合金化过程的分析 ,采用参考炉次法处理合金元素收得率参数 ,并采用多元线性规划方法对合金化操作进行最优化计算 ,得到工程实用的脱氧和合金化控制模型·通过该模型的应用 ,可以保证按照各钢种成分要求实现准确、经济地进行转炉出钢时脱氧和合金化操作 ,使钢水成分达到要求范围 ,实现钢水的窄成分控制·冷连轧动态变规格在线过程控制原理与应用王军生 ,矫志杰王军生 ,赵启林王军生 ,刘相华根据国内某 1 2 2 0冷连轧机组生产实际情况采用逆流直接求解…     

钢水“脱氧合金化”配料方案的优化

文章主要讨论了炼钢过程中的脱氧合金化环节的合金配料问题,通过建立多元线性规划模型实现钢水脱氧合金化过程成本的最优配比方案,并通过钢水净重预判出钢量,应用BP神经网络分析对缺失数据进预测,预测结果拟合度高达0.96。     

转炉优化配料与冶炼静态控制模型

在分析转炉炉料结构优化及 BP 预报模型特点的基础上,针对某厂50 t 转炉生产条件,构建了由优化配料、静态预测、过程控制、脱氧合金化和成本计算等模块构成转炉冶炼静态控制系统。以机理模型为基础、采用增量模型校正的优化配料模块,用以精确计算入炉料结构;以 BP 神经网络为基础构建了静态预测模块,对转炉冶炼终点碳和温度进行预测;以操作经验为基础构建了过程控制模块,动态给出冶炼过程控制的枪位曲线、加料时机和加入量;基于终点预测和全氧计算模型构建了脱氧及合金化模块,进而对转炉冶炼成本进行计算,构建了成本计算模块。通过本系统的开发,建立了全过程指导的炉料结构优化与冶炼静态控制,为现场生产提供了指导。     

运用主成分分析和深度神经网络预测钢包炉合金元素收得率的研究

钢包炉（ladle furnace,LF）精炼的核心任务之一是进行钢水合金化过程,以保证钢包到达连铸平台后满足钢水成分要求。钢水合金化也是较为复杂的物理化学反应过程,其不仅对钢水温度有影响,而且对钢水质量、合金料消耗量均有影响。因此,实现LF精炼过程中合金元素收得率的精准预测具有重要意义。本研究首先采用主成分分析法（principal component analysis,PCA）对模型输入变量进行处理,用于简化实际生产数据结构;然后,融合SGDM算法和L2正则化方法,构建了深度神经网络（deep neural network,DNN）;最后,采用主成分分析和深度神经网络相结合的方法,建立了合金元素收得率预测模型。结果表明,Si元素收得率命中率在±1%, ±3%和 ±5%误差范围内分别为54.0%、93.8%和98.8%;Mn元素收得率命中率在±1%, ±2%和 ±3%误差范围内分别为77.0%、96.3%和99.5%。此外,PCA–DNN模型的预测精度优于参考炉次法、多元线性回归模型、改进BP神经网络模型和DNN模型,有助于实现钢水成分的“窄窗口”控制。本研究中合金元素收得率预测模型的建立,也可为LF智能精炼合金化控制模型的开发提供支撑。     

基于因子分析对合金元素收得率的影响因素研究

为了在控制成本的前提下保证成品钢质量,钢铁企业将合金元素收得率的控制作为脱氧合金化工艺的一项关键内容。对钢水脱氧合金化工艺中合金元素收得率的影响因素进行研究,首先根据历史真实数据,按钢种和转炉终点温度分类计算C、Mn元素收得率;其次采用因子分析方法,对C、Mn两种元素分别选取13个可能的影响因素,利用SPSS软件建立C、Mn两种元素收得率影响因素的因子分析模型,分别得到5个和4个因子,并根据相关化学原理,对各因子进行解释;最后得出结论:钢水脱氧合金化工艺中合金元素收得率的影响因素主要为加入物质的脱氧能力、加入物质中对应元素的含量、合金添加剂的量和外部条件。     

LF炉冶炼超低硫钢的工艺条件

提出了采用热力学计算分析确定LF炉冶炼超低硫钢工艺条件的方法·分析表明,可通过提高炉渣碱度、强化渣钢脱氧、控制渣钢原始硫质量分数和渣质量,来实现超低硫钢的冶炼·150tLF炉生产实践表明,在原始钢水硫平均为00146%条件下,通过控制规定的工艺条件,经LF处理后的钢水硫质量分数平均可达00044%·再经VD处理后,可实现成品硫质量分数为00027%的超低硫钢生产·在上述条件基础上,将原始硫质量分数控制在00058%以下或保证渣金硫的分配比在250以上或采用双渣操作,LF炉可精炼0002%以下极低硫钢     

汽车大梁用热轧卷板冶炼研究与应用

本文主要论述了汽车大梁用热轧卷板的冶炼生产工艺。转炉冶炼的重点是终点成分控制,精炼操作的重点是增碳及脱氧。采用合理的脱氧合金化制度和良好的保护浇注措施,稳定控制中间包钢水温度、拉速、冷却水量可以获得较低的夹杂物含量、良好的铸坯内部质量。     

钢水深脱氧用铝系复合材料的应用与发展

钢水的脱氧效果直接影响钢材的质量,铝因脱氧效率高且成本低而被广泛用于深脱氧·用纯铝脱氧会带来很多不良影响,而铝系复合材料的开发能够解决这些问题·通过总结国内外一些炼钢深脱氧用铝系复合材料的发展应用情况,为国内钢厂生产纯净钢而进行深脱氧处理提供参考·     

转炉炼钢过程氮含量的控制

本文从入炉铁水比、转炉冶炼操作、转炉底吹、出钢操作等方面分析了转炉工序对钢水脱氮的影响因素入手,通过研究提出了提高铁水比、改善转炉操作,优化底吹模式,强化出钢口维护管理,优化脱氧制度等措施来提高转炉工序的脱氮效率。     

数学模型在转炉中的研究与应用

转炉炼钢静态控制是转炉计算机的基本控制方式,副枪动态控制以静态控制为基础。针对转炉炼钢过程中复杂因素的影响,通过数学方法研究开发出一套转炉炼钢数学模型。静态模型包括终点控制模型、供氧模型、造渣模型、底吹模型;动态模型包括脱碳速度模型、钢水升温模型和冷却剂加入量模型。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.