溶胶-凝胶法制备不同晶相组成TiO2及其可见光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同晶型的TiO2纳米粒子,以X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱和紫外-可见固体漫反射吸收光谱对其进行了表征及光吸收特性研究,以可见光下TiO2对罗丹明B的降解率评价其光催化活性.结果表明TiO2纳米粒子的晶相分别为锐钛矿纯相、锐钛矿/金红石混晶和金红石纯相,粒子的平均粒径为10 nm左右,许多纳米粒子聚集形成较大的颗粒,且表面含有活性羟基.制备的三种晶相组成的TiO2对罗丹明B均具有较高的可见光催化活性,活性均高于商品TiO2(P25),且活性按锐钛矿纯相、混晶和金红石纯相的顺序依次降低,可见TiO2的可见光催化活性与其晶相组成密切相关.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备不同晶相组成TiO_2及其可见光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同晶型的TiO2纳米粒子,以X-射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱和紫外-可见固体漫反射吸收光谱对其进行了表征及光吸收特性研究,以可见光下TiO2对罗丹明B的降解率评价其光催化活性.结果表明TiO2纳米粒子的晶相分别为锐钛矿纯相、锐钛矿/金红石混晶和金红石纯相,粒子的平均粒径为10 nm左右,许多纳米粒子聚集形成较大的颗粒,且表面含有活性羟基.制备的三种晶相组成的TiO2对罗丹明B均具有较高的可见光催化活性,活性均高于商品TiO2（P25）,且活性按锐钛矿纯相、混晶和金红石纯相的顺序依次降低,可见TiO2的可见光催化活性与其晶相组成密切相关.     

转晶对纳米锐钛TiO2光催化活性的影响

加热处理纳米锐钛TiO2使其发生转晶，因而得到一种利用可见光激发的光催化剂，并对此催化剂用x射线衍射，红外吸收，紫外可见吸收等方法进行了表征．用该方法得到的TiO2为催化剂，进行可见光催化降解酸性红B的研究．结果表明，随着加热温度的升高，TiO2转晶比例逐渐增大，温度升到1000℃，全部锐钛型转变成金红石型TiO2，但TiO2在500℃下加热30min催化活性最高，酸性红B的光降解效果明显优于单独使用纳米锐钛型、纳米金红石型TiO2和按照转晶的比率混合的锐钛型和金红石型TiO2．这种显著提高的光催化作用归因于加热所形成的特殊锐钛-金红石界面耦合状态，导致光生电子从金红石相转移到锐钛相，避免了电子-空穴对的复合．     

多价硫掺杂二氧化钛的制备及可见光催化性能

采用低温水热法制备了多价硫(S4+/S0)掺杂的二氧化钛催化剂(S-TiO2),运用低温氮吸附、X射线粉末衍射、紫外可见漫反射光谱和X射线光电子能谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征,并以可见光催化降解丙酮作为模型反应考察其可见光催化活性.结果表明,与TiO2相比,S-TiO2催化剂的BET比表面积大、孔径分布集中、光谱吸收边红移、锐钛矿向金红石的相转化被抑制,具有较高的可见光催化活性.     

氮掺杂暴露（001）面二氧化钛的制备及其可见光催化性能研究

以尿素为氮源、HF为调控剂,采用水热法制备了以（001）活性面为主的氮掺杂型TiO2催化剂.SEM、TEM、XRD、Raman及UV-Vis测试结果表明,TiO2及N-TiO2产品均为暴露（001）面的纳米片状锐钛矿结构,TiO2在高温900℃煅烧仍能保持锐钛矿结构.F-不仅对（001）面的暴露起到很好的调控作用,而且抑制了TiO2在高温下向金红石相的转化.氮的掺杂窄化了TiO2的禁带宽度,使其边带红移,在可见光区域有很强的吸收峰.并且,随着氮掺杂量的增多,N-TiO2在可见光的吸收峰增强.以可见光降解染料罗丹明B溶液作为探针反应,研究了不同N/Ti配比的N-TiO2的可见光催化活性,氮掺杂TiO2的可见光催化活性比照纯TiO2有明显的改善.     

纳米TiO_(2-x)N_x光催化薄膜的制备及其性能表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶,负载于玻璃微珠表面,并采用NH3气氛焙烧法制得掺氮纳米TiO2薄膜.运用X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电镜和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱等技术,考察不同焙烧温度和负载次数对掺氮的TiO2样品性能的影响.研究结果表明,350,400,450℃热处理的样品的晶相为锐钛矿相,而在500℃时开始出现金红石相,且随温度的进一步升高,金红石相的含量逐渐增多;掺氮的TiO2样品具有可见光吸收性能,450℃热处理的样品达到最佳,其吸收边红移至约720 nm.另外,薄膜的厚度对样品的光催化性能影响显著,负载3次后,样品对罗丹明B的光催化活性最高.     

氮掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及光催化性能研究

以双氰胺为氮源,温和条件下采用Sol-Gel法制备氮掺杂TiO2粉末.XRD结果显示:所制备的样品是以锐钛矿相为主、含少量金红石相的混和相;UV-Vis漫反射光谱结果显示:相对于TiO2,氮掺杂纳米二氧化钛(N/TiO2)的光吸收阈值没有发生明显的红移,但可见光吸收强度明显增大.n(N):n(Ti)=0.12:1、煅烧温度400℃、煅烧时间2 h条件下制备的N/TiO2光催化剂的催化活性最佳,可见光下,300 min内可使甲基橙的降解率达到60%.     

氮掺杂TiO2纳米管电极制备及可见光电催化活性

采用氮气中500℃和600℃热处理由阳极氧化法制备的TiO2纳米管阵列,制备了氮掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列电极。分别用环境扫描电镜（ESEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）,X射线衍射（XRD）和紫外可见漫反射吸收光谱对电极进行了表征。结果表明氮成功地掺入TiO2纳米管中。氮的引入使所制备的电极表现出可见光电催化活性,其中氮气中500℃下热处理得到的TiO2纳米管阵列电极表现出最好的可见光电催化活性。     

Fe，Gd共掺杂改性TiO2的可见光光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了铁和钆共掺杂纳米TiO2粉体材料,研究了共掺杂粉末在可见光下的光催化性能.紫外可见吸收光谱分析显示:共掺杂粉末在可见光区有较强吸收,共掺杂离子以协同作用拓展TiO2光谱响应.光催化降解实验表明,共掺杂TiO2粉体有很高的可见光光催化活性,以550 ℃热处理的同时掺杂质量分数为0.05%Fe和0.05%Gd的TiO2粉体光催化效果最好,在可见光下对甲基橙的降解率为79.6%.     

水解沉淀法制备氮掺杂TiO_2可见光光催化剂

为拓展TiO2可见光的响应范围,以氨水为氮源,在常温条件下采用水解沉淀法制备了氮掺杂TiO2粉末。以X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱和X射线光电子能谱等对TiO2进行了表征。对可见光照射下的光催化活性进行了测试,并考察了煅烧温度及掺杂量等对光催化活性的影响。结果表明:氮掺杂致使TiO2吸收边带向可见光区偏移,在降解亚甲基蓝的实验中表现出良好的可见光催化活性;随煅烧温度的增加,氮摩尔分数增加,晶粒增大,可见光催化活性减弱;煅烧温度为400℃,氮的摩尔分数为2%时制备样品的光催化活性最高。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。