醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂的制备及其对盐酸小檗碱的吸附

纤维素经高碘酸钠氧化制备醛基纤维素,再通过酚醛反应将单宁固定在醛基纤维素上合成醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂,考察了醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂对盐酸小檗碱的吸附性能.当盐酸小檗碱的初始质量浓度为300 mg/L、吸附温度为298 K时,醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂对盐酸小檗碱的吸附量为143.66 mg/g;当盐酸小檗碱的初始质量浓度低于50 mg/L时,醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂对盐酸小檗碱的吸附率达91.64%以上;醛基纤维素固化单宁树脂对盐酸小檗碱的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型和准一级动力学方程;该树脂经过4次重复使用后,对盐酸小檗碱的吸附量没有显著下降.     

溶剂对高碘酸钠氧化纤维素的影响

以高碘酸钠溶液为氧化剂,在非均相条件下氧化纤维素,研究了溶剂等因素的影响.结果表明,含羟基溶剂对氧化反应有显著影响,能明显缩短反应时间,提高氧化纤维素中醛基的含量.当溶剂为5%(V/V)C2H5OH时,在适宜条件下,产物中醛基的质量百分含量可达0.561 2%,纤维素回收率为90.50%.     

羟丙基甲基纤维素膜的合成以及性能研究

为了使羟丙基甲基纤维素膜的性能最大化。提出了合成法将羟丙基甲基纤维素膜组成小分子的特性得以保存，羟丙基甲基纤维素膜内过硫酸铵的质量分数为8%,膜的断裂延伸率为13/%时，膜物质的稳定性最高；合成的羟丙基甲基纤维素整体的酸性值在试剂出现沉淀过程中，过氧化值不断地降低，当增塑剂的质量分数为10%时，羟丙基甲基纤维素膜的氧化性最佳，使羟丙基甲基纤维素膜的应用效果达到最佳。     

用纸浆制备高粘度羧甲基纤维素钠的工艺研究

以纸浆为原料,经过碱煮去除纸浆中的半纤维素、果胶和木质素等杂质得到纤维素,再经一锅法通过碱化、醚化得到羧甲基纤维素钠.着重考察了碱煮浓度、碱煮时间对纸浆中纤维素提取率的影响,研究了原料配比、碱化醚化温度、时间以及加入的硼酸钠量等因素对产品粘度及产率的影响.结果表明,当碱煮浓度为10%,碱煮时间1h时,纸浆中纤维素提取率可达70%;当纤维素∶碱∶氯乙酸∶硼酸钠质量比为1∶1.1∶1.2∶0.06,碱化醚化温度分别为25℃和75℃,碱化醚化时间分别为2h和3h时,产品产率高达80%,室温下测得1%的产品水溶液粘度高达1780mPa·s.     

纤维素固定化葡萄糖氧化酶的研究

用高碘酸钠（NaIO4)溶液将棉纤维素氧化成氧化纤维素,并将其作为载体使葡萄糖氧化酶能够固定化。考察了溶液的pH值、氧化时间、温度和氧化剂浓度等氧化条件对氧化纤维素醛基含量的影响,优化了氧化条件,研究了固定化葡萄糖氧化酶的活性,借助傅里叶红外光谱和酸－碱滴定法等手段,探讨了葡萄糖氧化酶的固定化机理。研究结果表明,纤维素固定化葡萄糖氧化酶具有较高的生物活性。     

NMMO法纤维素膜的制备及力学性能

利用NMMO(N-甲基吗琳-N-氧化物)溶解纤维素并制备纤维素包装膜,研究了不同浆粕种类、聚合度和工艺条件对纤维素膜力学性能的影响.结果表明:以聚合度为1 460的针叶木浆为原料,浆粕质量分数为7%,凝固浴中水的体积分数为100%,凝固浴温度为20℃.增塑剂中甘油体积分数为30%时可制得力学性能较好的纤维素膜.     

含吡啶环的双Schiff碱大环化合物的合成与表征

由2，6－二甲基吡啶和水杨醛为基本原料，经氧化、酯化、还原、磺酰化、缩合等一系列反应得到了一种新的二醛基化合物，然后二醛基化合物又与间苯二胺反应得到了间苯二胺的希夫碱大环化合物，这2种化合物均经元素分析、红外、紫外光谱及核磁共振等进行了表征。     

低取代度羟丙基纤维素的制备及影响因素分析

将碱纤维素与环氧丙烷进行醚化反应,利用气固相法合成低取代度的羟丙基纤维素(HPC).研究了环氧丙烷质量分数、压榨比、醚化温度对HPC的醚化度及环氧丙烷有效利用率的影响.结果表明:HPC的最佳合成条件为环氧丙烷质量分数为20%(与纤维素的质量比),碱纤维素的压榨比为3.0,醚化温度为60℃.通过核磁共振对HPC进行结构测试,可知HPC的醚化度为0.23,环氧丙烷有效利用率为41.51%,纤维素分子链上成功接上了羟丙基基团.     

双醛纳米晶纤维素的制备及其表征

阔叶木溶解浆经酸水解制备纳米晶纤维素(NCC),采用高碘酸钠法对NCC进行氧化制备双醛NCC,探讨了高碘酸钠使用量、p H、反应温度和反应时间对双醛NCC醛基含量的影响.结果表明,适宜的氧化反应条件为:高碘酸钠与NCC质量比为2、p H 3、反应温度40,℃、反应时间4,h,此时双醛NCC醛基含量为73%,.FTIR、XRD、AFM和聚合度检测表明:双醛NCC已经生成;溶解浆纤维素水解成NCC后的结晶度以及NCC氧化成双醛NCC后的结晶度都发生了变化;NCC呈梭形棒状结构,NCC氧化后粒径变小;聚合度在纤维素水解成NCC后大幅降低,经过高碘酸钠氧化,聚合度进一步下降.     

甲壳素与纤维素复合物对水中Hg~(2+)离子的吸附

以甲壳素与脱脂棉为原料,用6%质量分数NaOH和5%质量分数硫脲混合溶液作溶剂,以5%质量分数硫酸作絮凝剂絮凝得到甲壳素纤维素复合物,研究了甲壳素和纤维素的比例、甲壳素纤维素复合物的用量、吸附时间、吸附温度、溶液pH值对吸附率的影响.实验结果表明,当被吸附对象的用量是40mL10mg/L汞标液,甲壳素与纤维素的比例为2∶1、吸附剂用量为2.5g,吸附时间为2h,温度为40℃,溶液pH值为4.0时,复合物对汞离子吸附率可达94.19%.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme