热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青及其混合料性能的影响

通过热氧老化前后的拉伸试验和黏度试验评价高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能,通过马歇尔试验、劈裂试验、低温小梁弯曲试验及四点弯曲疲劳试验考察热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青混合料性能的影响;并与美国环氧沥青和日本环氧沥青作对比。结果表明,热氧老化对三种环氧沥青及混合料的性能影响均不显著,老化后仍满足相关技术指标要求。其中,高韧性环氧沥青的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和施工容留时间分别损失了8. 9%、11. 2%和4. 8%;其混合料的马歇尔稳定度、劈裂强度、低温破坏应变和疲劳寿命分别下降了6. 6%、5. 7%、8. 2%、8. 1%。高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能略逊于美国环氧沥青,而优于日本环氧沥青。     

基于低温性能的橡胶颗粒环氧沥青混合料研究

为了分析橡胶颗粒对环氧沥青混合料低温性能的改善作用,在选择形状特征及硬度合适的橡胶颗粒的前提下,基于抗弯拉强度、最大弯拉应变、弯曲劲度模量、脆化点温度及应变能密度对不同橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料的低温性能进行研究,并通过室内试验对不同橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料的水稳定性及高温性能进行验证.结果表明:橡胶颗粒的细长扁平颗粒含量越小、邵尔A型硬度越大,橡胶颗粒环氧沥青混合料的压实效果及抗松散性越好;体积掺量合适的橡胶颗粒对环氧沥青混合料的抗弯拉强度、水稳定性及高温性能影响不大,但能显著提高其低温变形能力,降低其脆化点温度,改善其低温性能;在-15℃时,5%橡胶颗粒体积掺量下的环氧沥青混合料相对未掺加橡胶颗粒的环氧沥青混合料,应变能密度提高了108.0%.     

干法环氧沥青固化行为及其混合料性能评价

为了解决传统环氧沥青稳定性差、易离析、需现场制备、应用要求严格以及应用工序复杂等问题,对一种自制干法环氧材料及其混合料性能进行研究评价。采用光学显微镜观察干法环氧材料与沥青比例分别为1∶2、1∶3、1∶4时的分散性,并观察最优比例下干法环氧沥青的固化状态;采用非等温差示扫描量热(DSC)试验分析其固化行为,以及不同固化时间材料的固化程度,应用DoseResp模型拟合出固化程度与时间的关系曲线;通过固化行为分析,初步确定混合料养生温度及时间,并对混合料性能进行研究。研究结果表明:当干法环氧材料与沥青比例为1∶3时,其分散密集且无明显结团现象,在150℃条件下随着时间增长,逐渐形成稳定的网状交联结构;不同升温速率条件下,升温速率越高,固化热越小,固化反应越不充分;通过Kissinger方程和Ozawa方程计算该干法环氧材料的固化反应近似1级反应,反应放热集中且容易进行;DoseResp模型对干法环氧材料固化反应转化百分率的拟合精度较高,在实际应用中可以通过该拟合模型初步判断其固化程度,对研究和应用中时间控制有较好的指导作用;干法环氧沥青混合料马歇尔稳定度可达53.34 kN;60℃车辙动稳定度可达42 000次,70℃车辙动稳定度可达25 200次;冻融劈裂强度比大于100%;浸水残留稳定度大于90%;低温弯曲性能满足要求。     

环氧沥青混合料路用性能及机理研究

对环氧沥青混合料的空隙率测定方法、马歇尔稳定度增长规律、抗裂、抗滑等关键性能及机制进行了试验研究。结果表明：环氧沥青混合料的沥青吸收系数大于1,用饱水率计算空隙率更为合理；较粗的级配会降低初期马歇尔稳定度，较小的气温日较差和一定时长的日照有利于稳定度增长；已固化颗粒的物理填充不能提高稳定度，混合料的高强度源于环氧树脂与沥青混溶后的共同固化。应依据不同的固化特性制定有针对性的水稳定性检验方案，固化度不足时残留稳定度会大于100%。环氧沥青混合料低温劈裂强度和韧性较高，劈裂应变较小，劈裂强度是表征抗裂性能的最佳指标，空隙率和容留时间的增加会降低抗裂性能；粗集料断裂增加环氧沥青混合料的脆性，砂浆含量的增加有益于韧性，两者协同影响抗裂能力。不同配合比的构造深度差异很小，级配越细、沥青砂浆越粗糙、固化度越低时摆值越大。路面磨损会使构造深度进一步减小，但摆值增加。     

环氧沥青混凝土自然养生强度增长特性分析

依据等温和自然养生试验,分析环氧沥青混凝土自然养生条件下强度增长的时温依赖性和强度增长规律,进行参数解析,对环氧沥青混凝土自然养生强度增长进行预测,为养生期限以及开放交通时间的确定提供参考。     

温拌沥青混合料低温施工应用

<正>1.温拌沥青技术低温季节运用简介温拌沥青混合料具有施工温度低、耗能低、环保及性能并不亚于热拌混合料等诸多优点。在正常施工环境下,其拌和、摊铺、碾压温度较热拌沥青混合料要低30～60℃。     

高寒地区水泥稳定碎石抗压强度特性研究

青藏高原寒冷地区特殊的气候环境对水泥稳定碎石半刚性基层性能有较大影响。文章通过标准养生条件与低温养生条件下的水泥稳定碎石混合料抗压强度试验,分析了水泥用量、养生龄期、养生温度对混合料抗压强度和回弹模量的影响。结果表明:标准养生条件下,养生龄期对水泥稳定碎石的无侧限抗压强度和抗压回弹模量有明显影响;7d以前强度增长缓慢,7~28d增长幅度较大,28d后强度增长趋于稳定;养生温度对混合料的无侧限抗压强度与抗压回弹模量的影响较大,0~5℃时,水泥用量较大(5%)的混合料的强度形成较快,5~10℃时不同水泥用量的混合料强度均增长显著,温度高于10℃时3d龄期强度增长幅度大于7d龄期。因此,养生温度高于10℃、水泥用量大于4%时,可满足青藏高原寒冷地区水泥稳定碎石基层的强度要求。     

环氧沥青混合料施工质量控制研究进展

环氧沥青各组分按比例混合后，不可逆的交联反应随即发生，且组分反应活性受温度影响较大，混合料需在容许时间内完成施工，对温度控制要求严格，施工条件苛刻。环氧沥青的材料性能研究逐年增多，但对人机配置、过程控制的研究仍有较大空间，缺乏材料改性机理与全过程控制紧密结合的综合研究来指导施工。以环氧沥青的材料改性机理、混合料的施工质量控制要点为基础，通过分析环氧沥青材料固化特点与生产工艺控制之间的关联，介绍了环氧沥青新材料工程应用领域的研究现状及存在的问题，从人机配置、施工组织、工艺过程控制等角度，总结环氧沥青混合料施工质量控制的成果和不足，进一步阐述了该材料施工应用的发展方向，可为后续环氧沥青混合料施工质量控制研究及工程实践提供参考和建议。     

基于泡沫沥青法实现温拌的沥青混合料室内试验对比

目的为减缓沥青老化,降低污染、节约能源,实现沥青混合料低温施工,研制泡沫沥青温拌技术.方法通过沥青发泡试验,确定最佳发泡条件;基于马歇尔试验,分析研究在AC-13、AC-16和AC-20级配下泡沫沥青温拌混合料和热拌沥青混合料的温度-空隙率变化规律;通过高温车辙试验、低温弯曲试验和冻融劈裂试验分析比较泡沫沥青温拌混合料和热拌沥青混合料的路用性能.结果以温度为控制指标,泡沫沥青温拌混合料空隙率减小,具有较好的可压实性;以空隙率为控制指标,泡沫沥青温拌混合料较热拌沥青混合料压实温度降低15~20℃;泡沫沥青温拌混合料高低温及水稳定性能略低于热拌沥青混合料.结论泡沫沥青温拌混合料性能满足现行《公路沥青路面施工技术规范》(JTG F40)要求,可实现低温施工.     

复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的性能

为了对复合工艺的橡胶沥青技术指标及其混合料路用性能进行研究,在制备橡胶改性沥青时掺入适量裂解剂,确定合理的制备温度和时间;对4种复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的水稳定性能、低温弯曲性能及疲劳性能进行耐久性试验.结果表明:裂解剂质量分数为0.4%的橡胶沥青,以制备温度190℃,制备时间2 h为宜;掺加裂解剂的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的高温、低温以及抗水损害性能,其动稳定度甚至是基质沥青混合料的3倍左右;复合工艺的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的抗水损害、抗疲劳破坏性能以及抗低温弯曲性能,其弯拉破坏应变甚至高于橡胶颗粒SBS改性沥青混合料.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.