一种基于模型检验的类测试用例生成方法

提出一种新的自动生成类测试用例的方法.使用符号执行从类源代码抽取对象的状态和行为,以一个四元组抽象描述类,并转化成等价的Kripke结构.使用CTL公式描述测试覆盖标准,然后把这组CTL公式和描述类状态行为的Kripke结构输入模型检验工具,并利用模型检验工具自动生成相应的证据路径,最后将路径转化成满足相应覆盖标准的类测试用例.该方法直接从源代码生成测试用例,并使用贪心法约减冗余用例以降低测试成本.实验表明该方法生成的测试用例具有较高的覆盖率.     

基于人工免疫算法的高效回归测试用例集约简机制

为了在海量回归测试用例中剔除冗余测试用例,优化回归测试的效率,提出一种基于人工免疫算法的高效回归测试用例集约简机制.首先,构建测试需求覆盖模型,其次,通过适应度函数刻画测试用例集的测试总开销,利用人工免疫算法强大的全局搜索能力约简回归测试用例集.基于真实工程代码构建实验验证了所提机制的有效性,实验结果表明:同现有基于遗传算法的机制相比,在不同的迭代阈值下,平均约简成功率分别从10%,35%和80%提升至100%,同时平均冗余覆盖比率从98%,95%和109%降低到21%,55%和90%,测试用例集约简效果明显;在约简效率方面,所提机制平均迭代次数均小于25次,而对比方案的迭代次数均大于50次,用例约简效率大幅提升.     

基于有色Petri网模型的GUI测试用例自动生成技术

通过图形用户接口(GUI)测试已经成为软件测试的主要手段,但现阶段GUI测试自动化程度不高.针对这一问题,提出了一种基于模型的GUI测试用例自动生成技术.给出了基于有色Petri网模型的GUI对象建模方法.定义了2种测试覆盖标准,设计了基于不同测试覆盖标准的测试路径和测试数据生成算法.介绍了支持工具GUI测试用例生成器(GTCG)的设计与实现.实验表明: 该模型可有效地描述GUI系统的状态和行为,该技术有助于提高GUI测试的效率和质量.     

覆盖变化结点的辅助回归测试工具

回归测试用例设计是回归测试中一项重要的内容，本文从应用的角度出发，在商用软件测试工具产生的程序流程图基础上，提出了覆盖变化结点的所有路径算法，并开发了相应的工具软件。应用实践表明，该工具软件能够有效地辅助回归测试用例设计工作。     

覆盖变化结点的辅助回归测试工具

回归测试用例设计是回归测试中一项重要的内容，本文从应用的角度出发，在商用软件测试工具产生的程序流程图基础上，提出了覆盖变化结点的所有路径算法，并开发了相应的工具软件。应用实践表明，该工具软件能够有效地辅助回归测试用例设计工作。     

测试用例约简技术及其在单元测试中的应用

测试用例的质量和数量决定软件测试的成本和有效性，本文提出了一种测试用例的简约方法。该方法首先根据测试需求之间的关系，给出各个参数的候选集；然后根据模块接口参数运行的模拟图、数据覆盖和模拟路径覆盖的原理得出测试用例基本集，即测试命中集。本文还提出了在单元回归测试过程中，可以按照一定原则进行属性简约，在剩余属性集合中再进行测试用例的简约。实验表明，该算法在减少测试成本和提高测试效率方面取得了很好的效果，并且极大地增强了它的可操作性。     

应用UML2.0模型的测试用例生成方法

针对软件开发过程中测试自动化程度低的问题,在研究基于模型的测试用例生成技术的基础上,提出了一种基于UML2.0序列图与用例描述的测试用例生成方法.采用事件确定有限自动机来描述系统序列图,通过命题投影时序逻辑的模型检测技术,验证了自动机模型的正确性.使用自动机模型与用例描述来生成测试用例,该用例满足事件与全路径覆盖准则.通过对图书管理系统的分析表明,该方法不仅能够提高软件的测试效率,而且还确保了针对管理员的执行动作所产生的测试用例的正确性.     

一种基于混合覆盖矩阵的pairwise测试用例生成方法

测试用例集的生成是组合测试的一个关键问题,但是使用完全组合覆盖生成测试用例集是NP完全问题.对偶覆盖要求测试用例集至少覆盖输入参数的每一个取值对.该类方法在测试代价和效率方面进行了很好的折中,一直受到广泛关注.基于混合覆盖矩阵,提出了一种pairwise覆盖的测试用例生成方法.实例分析表明,该方法具有生成的测试用例较少、时间消耗小等特点.     

切片在组件系统回归测试中的应用

在组件系统的回归测试中,为了确定修改所影响的部分,需要建立组件系统的依赖模型.组件系统具有高复用性和高复杂性,现有的依赖模型已经不适应描述组件系统,所以提出一种描述组件系统的层次依赖模型.通过对该模型中修改点的向前切片,得到修改所影响的部分,然后遍历该部分得到修改所影响的测试路径,进而有效地选择回归测试用例,提高了回归测试的效率.     

DBMS安全审计功能测试用例生成方法

数据库管理系统（DBMS）安全审计功能的符合性测试要求测评人员设计有效覆盖安全功能规范的测试用例。本文提出一种基于安全审计规范使用标记迁移系统（LTS）建立形式化模型的DBMS安全审计测试用例自动化生成方法。该方法根据数据库分级评估的安全目标建立审计功能组件的LTS模型,再依据LTS模型启发式路径搜索算法从模型的路径中...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.