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1.
汶川地震前卫星热红外异常与云异常现象   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
对汶川Ms8.0级地震发生前20d内的卫星热红外图像和电视云图进行对比分析发现:震前20~8d,青藏高原东缘出现了源于印度板块、紧邻汶川的北东向近3000km长的条带状高温异常;震前5~1h,电视云图显示震中龙门山断裂带及青藏高原东昆仑断裂带上方分别出现了线性云,汶川正好位于两者的延伸交叉位置。结合印度板块和亚洲板块的相互作用和区域构造运动过程,从地球物理的角度讨论了此次卫星热红外图像异常和云图异常的原因,希望能对地震遥感监测预报和汶川地震的前兆性研究提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
本文利用中国静止气象卫星FY-2E/G红外遥感资料,应用小波变换和相对功率谱法对2016年10月6日台湾MS 5.9级地震进行震例数据处理和分析.结果表明,震前热异常具有明显时空特征,2016年6月初震中以北区域出现热红外异常现象,并且异常区域随时间推移不断扩大,至7月1日天异常面积达到最大,随后逐渐收缩至消失,但随后在震中附近又开始出现热红外异常,该异常在8月5日异常值达到最大,随后逐渐消失.该次地震热红外异常特征显著,容易识别,可作为地震前兆异常信息之一,验证了卫星热红外异常在地震预判方面的作用,为今后卫星热红外在地震前兆识别中提供了震例素材和判定依据.  相似文献   

3.
 对四川芦山地震前1个月内的FY-2卫星云图与红外亮温数据分析发现,震前3d即4月17日的06:30—09:30,在青藏高原东部出现延展达数百千米的两条线性云,两者延伸交叉处正是芦山地震的震中位置。通过与汶川Ms 8.0级地震前数小时出现的线性云异常进行比较,认为龙门山断裂带强震前屡次出现的“无中生有”线性云异常现象,可能与青藏高原东部地下未知的隐伏构造及油气赋存有关,具有一定的临震指示性,应该作为该地区地震遥感监测的重点。今后,在全球综合地球观测系统(GEOSS)大数据的支持下,考虑孕震过程中的地球系统多圈层作用与耦合效应,将开展遥感多参数异常时空特征及其关联性分析,为解开该地区的线性云异常之谜提供科学依据。  相似文献   

4.
利用MODIS卫星热红外数据和静止卫星热红外遥感亮温资料,对2006年河北文安5.1级地震进行时间特征和空间特征两种异常分析方法。研究表明,地震前一个月左右,透热指数和异常比值同时出现高值异常,而地表的亮温增温异常区与未来发生的地震震中较为接近。  相似文献   

5.
在诸多的地震前兆信息中,震前地温突升是较容易捕捉到的前兆信息之一。依据震前有关地温突升的一些观测事实和卫星热红外遥感能够探测到大震前有热红外异常现象的一些事实研究以及有地温突升就必然就伴有地热释放的理念,因而提出了要着手组建地温观测网和与卫星热红外遥感相融合的新型立体化地热观测系统的设想。为了进一步证实这种融合过程的真实性和可信度,本文使用唐山震例的实测资料,做出了简单的模拟演示。  相似文献   

6.
围绕卫星红外异常预测地震方法的理论基础——临震红外异常的成因机制问题,简介前人基于实验的各种假说;结合红外遥感和地面观测实际进行验证和评述;从红外遥感理论依据——斯忒藩-玻耳兹曼定律出发加以分析,针对临震热红外异常出现时间的短暂性、范围的区域性、增幅的显著性等特点加以具体运用,从理论和实践的结合上,对红外异常的机理和红外遥感地震的方法,进行评述和展望。  相似文献   

7.
地表潜热通量(SLHF)是反映地表蒸发能量大小的大气参数。国外学者分析近年若干沿海地区的强震时发现,沿海强震震中附近在震前出现了潜热通量异常,而远离海域的内陆地震并未出现潜热通量异常。本文以近10年发生在中国的1次沿海强震和3次内陆强震为例,进行了震前SLHF异常的时空特征分析,发现震前3~10d,震中附近均出现了SLHF异常。该异常主要分布在震中及其周围地区,且与区域内的主要活动构造带走向一致。因此,SLHF异常可以成为一种有价值的大地构造活动性遥感监测指标,并为中国沿海和内陆地区强震提供有用的临震前兆信息。  相似文献   

8.
本文处理了新疆地区2010~2014年的FY-2E卫星热红外亮温数据,基于构建的亮温背景场资料,对2014年2月12日新疆于田Ms7.3级地震前地表红外亮温的时空分布和演变特征进行了分析。研究发现震前亮温异常主要呈条带状分布于塔里木盆地西南缘和东南缘地区,其位置和走向均与于田地震所处断裂带相吻合;异常出现在2014年1月27日(地震前16天),一直持续到2月2日(地震前10天),之后迅速消失;亮温异常十分明显,异常出现时亮温均值相比背景值增幅达8K~10K,异常值增幅可达20K以上。此次亮温异常现象在时空演变的各个方面均与于田地震具有很好的相关性,亮温背景场资料对于地震异常提取具有一定参考价值。  相似文献   

9.
热红外遥感在地震监测预测中的应用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
卫星热红外遥感技术在地震监测预测中的应用已取得了一定实效,利用这一技术成功预报了一些地震,并对地震的前兆热信息进行了大量实验研究.热红外异常发生的机制主要为地球放气说和应力致热学说.通过分析和总结临震热异常特征,介绍了几种热异常提取方法和判定方法,表明随卫星遥感技术的进步和研究工作的深入,热红外遥感应能在地震监测预报中发挥重要作用.  相似文献   

10.
卫星红外异常预测短临地震是我国科技工作首先开发研究试用的开创性新方法。简介了该方法的国内外研究现状;对我国震前增温异常反映地震的历史到运用卫星红外异常预测短临地震的开发研究过程进行了系统的回顾。从红外异常时空动态与地震活动的对应关系的统计分析,论证了红外异常预测短临地震新方法的科学性、普适性和可行性,并对相关的影响因素,如地形、地物、气象等的干扰和排除,进行了初步探索。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

15.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

16.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

17.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

18.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

19.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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