Design and research of torque tube used in HTS motor

In order to improve the overall performance of high temperature superconducting （HTS） motor, a radial connection torque tube with high strength and low thermal leakage has been designed. Firstly, fiberglass epoxy composite is chosen as con- struction material. The structural size of the torque tube is obtained by means of load analysis and theoretical calculation. Secondly, thermal leakage of the torque tube is calculated with both theo- retical method and 3D finite-element analysis （FEA）. According to the result of the thermal analysis and mechanical loads, the struc- tural stresses of the torque tube are also obtained by FEA method. Lastly, a low temperature test platform is developed to verify the strength and the thermal leakage of the torque tube. The results show that the maximal shear stress of the torque tube is 24.3 MPa and thermal leakage of torque tube is 10.5 W, which satisfy the design requirements of the HTS motor. The torque tube also works in good condition at full-power and full-torque testing of the motor. The design method is also applicable for other similar design of torque tube in other applications.     

The program structure designing and optimizing tests of GRAPES physics

According to the modularization and standardization of program structure in Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System （GRAPES）, the plug-compatible and transplantable regional meso-scale and global middle-range physics software package is established. The package＇s component integrality is comparative with the other advanced models physics. A three-level structure of connecting GRAPES physics and dynamic frame has been constructed. The friendly interface is designed for users to plug in their own physics packages. Phenomenon of grid-point storm rainfall in numerical prediction is analyzed with the numerical tests. The scheme of air vertical velocity calculation is improved. Opti- mizing tests of physics schemes are performed with the correlative parameters adjusting. The results show that the false grid-point storm rainfall is removed by precipitation scheme improving. Then the score of precipitation forecast is enhanced.     

基于径向基函数神经网络的滚动轴承故障模式的识别

The impacts of different groove shapes, numbers, and angle of friction dish on transmitting torque, speed, push pressure in wet speeding clutch are discussed in this paper. Since the wet speeed governing clutch works within hydrodynamic lubrication mixture lubrication. boundary, lubrication and contact situation, the oils combining with a-hydrocarbon or polyester are getting widely used as lubricant.The power-law fluid model with Patir-Cheng average flow model, GT asperity contact model and oil film inertia are applied for average Reynolds equation setting, In order to investigate the relationship between average push pressure within hydrodynamic lubrication and mixture lubrication, average transmitting torque and output speed, the numeral calculation and analysis are presented. According to calculation, it is found that the groove shape, groove angle and groove numbers affect the average transfer torque and push pressure with the speed rate.     

Inversion method for defects in depth evaluation and thermal wave imaging

A hybrid Newton-like iterative method and a regularization method are employed to perform the numerical simulations of the defects in depth evaluation and the thermal wave imaging for defects-included solid sample by analysis of the surface photo-thermal signals. A simple and effective data processing method is suggested to improve the reconstructed data. The results of the numerical calculation demonstrate that the algorithm presented in this paper is very effective, and can be used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of homogeneous materials with defects in depth included. It is also proved that the algorithm is stable even with noise disturbance.     

Testing and Modeling for Energy Dissipation Behavior of Velocity and Displacement Dependent Hydraulic Damper

A passive energy-dissipating device, velocity, and displacement dependent hydraulic damper (VDHD), is developed to reduce the seismic response of structure. This device is comprised of a hydraulic jack, check valve, relief valve, and throttle valve. The numerical analysis model for SAP2000 nonlinear analysis program is proposed to simulate the energy-dissipating characteristics of VDHD. The analysis results of this model compared with the seismic resistant tests reveal that this proposed model can accurately describe the actual energy-dissipating behavior of VDHD. The efficiency of VDHD is confirmed using this proposed model for carrying out numerical analyses of bare building, building added with bulking resistant bracing (BBR), and VDHD. The energy-dissipating capabilities of VDHD are performing excellent displacement and acceleration control with various ground magnitudes; being an energy absorber to absorb mechanical energy in the structure and resist structural movement; and gathering the advantage of BRB.     

A Theoretical Analysis of Torque and Superlubric Motion in Bilayer Graphene Disks

To identify the relation between torque and superlubric motion, we investigate the interlayer sliding behavior of two graphene disks with numerical computation methods. The potential energy, lateral force and torque between the top and bottom graphene disks, which are associated with misfit angle, translational displacement and interlayer distance, are analyzed. The results show that the rotation of the top disk is feeble for commensurate state, but it is difficult to realize superlubricity due to the lateral force fluctuating remarkably. For incommensurate state, the flake exhibits vanishing torque approaching to zero only for partial sliding directions. The superlubricity between the top and bottom disks will be eliminated due to torque-induced reorientation along other sliding directions. Whether for commensurate or incommensurate contact, the amplitudes of the lateral force(516 p N and 13 p N, respectively) are in qualitative agreement with experimental observation(typically 250 p N and 50 p N, respectively). It shows that the interlayer torque is insensitive to the top disk size with incommensurate contact. The results suggest that the superlubric motion of graphene disk can be controlled by adjusting the torque.     

New Approach to the Power Selection for Asynchronous Motor

The heating calculation of three-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor on the condition of starting for a prescribed rotary angle is firstly studied with time dissection method and its corresponding algorithm is provided. Then based upon the algorithm, a new method for motor power selection is established. Motor initial power determined by load power is checked and modified in terms of time criterion, heating criterion, and starting torque criterion. An appropriate motor power which meets three criterions is obtained at last, in the meantime, working displacement matrix and frequency matrix used for control are acquired. Lifting motor of MDJ1800 low-level high-speed palletizer is taken as a real case hi the paper.     

Propagation Characteristics of Surface Acoustic Waves on LGT and Quartz Substrates

Langatate （LGT） is a novel piezoelectric crystal; its structure is similar to quartz. A numerical analysis of the most important propagation characteristics of surface acoustic waves （ SAW） on LGT and quartz is presented in this paper. The results show that the phase velocity on LGT is slower than that on quartz. Similar to quartz. there are zero temperature cuts and pure module orientations on LGT. The electro-mechanical coupling constant （k2 ） of LGT is larger than that of quartz. The characteristics of SAW on LGT with different material constants are calculated and compared. The results show that there are somewhat deviations with different material constants. Especially. the temperature coefficient of frequency （ TCF） shows a relatively high difference.     

A New Process and Technology for Rapid Prototyping of A μ-Micro Motor

A new process and technology of rapid prototyping for a μ-micro motor is presented as a nontraditional machining and an advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) to be realized by using masks, including the operation principle of the motor, structure design, technique, driven circuit, and quality examination with Raman spectrum. The μ-micro motor is fabricated by the micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) process, the structure design must be considered to fabricate or assembly the parts during machining the motor in the meantime. The research proved that integration of IC (integrated circuit) process and MEMS using masks is effective in obtaining the rapid prototyping manufacturing of the μ-micro motor. With the mature technique to fabricate the motor, there are advantages to produce the motor in short time and with lower cost than before. The motor is a common power source of micro machines in military and civilian applications, for example, applied to micro robot, micro bio medicine, and micro machine. The size of the motor is 190 μm in maximum diameter by 125 μm in height that is bulk machined in array with the number of hundreds of micro motors on a substrate.     

Electronic structure and magnetism of RMn6Sn6 （R=Tb, Dy）

This article reports first-principles band structure calculations for RMn6Sn6 (R= Tb, Dy). The calculation uses the linear muffin-tin orbitals (LMTO) method in the atomic-sphere-approximation (ASA),and yields results showing that both TbMn6Sn6 and DyMn6Sn6 are ferrimagnetic compounds with antiparallel aligned moments of R and Mn atoms. In this research the 4f states of R atoms are treated as localized states,i. e., the hybridization of 4f states with other valence electrons is neglected. The moments of Mn in both compounds were determined to be 2.43μB and 2.38μB, respectively. The considerably small additional moments for Mn from the spin-orbit coupling indicates that the spin-orbital coupling is not dominated for Mn atoms. The total moments of Tb and Dy atoms are 10.28μB and 11.20μB. All the calculation findings accorded well with experimental results.     

削弱新型永磁步进电机齿槽转矩的不同设计措施及其对比

齿槽转矩是引起永磁步进电机振动、噪声甚至影响其安全运行的主要因素.在描述该种电机结构的基础上,研究了供电方式对电磁转矩的影响,分析了削弱永磁步进电机齿槽转矩的不同设计措施,给出了其齿槽转矩的数学表述.以一台永磁步进电机样机为例,用有限元法计算了几种不同设计措施对电机齿槽转矩的影响,并进行了对比研究,从而为该种电机的设计提供了可以借鉴的理论依据.图8,表1,参8.     

力平衡型双定子轴向柱塞马达的转矩脉动分析

在双定子马达研究的基础上,设计出新型结构的力平衡型双定子轴向柱塞马达. 通过对其结构和原理的介绍,计算出该新型液压马达的理论排量. 为进一步了解这种液压马达的工作性能,通过计算马达的瞬时转矩,分析了奇数柱塞数和偶数柱塞数对马达输出转矩脉动不均匀性的影响,得出柱塞数与马达转矩不均匀系数的关系式. 结果表明:马达柱塞数目为奇数时的转矩脉动比偶数时的转矩脉动更好,而且马达瞬时转矩脉动随柱塞数目的增加呈递减状态.      

方波无刷直流电动机步进磁场及其转矩平稳性研究

本文从方波无刷直流电动机基本工作原理出发,分析了其固有的步进电枢磁场及其对转矩平稳性的影响,分析表明,此类电视若选择合适的转子结构与控制,可大大减小电枢反应的影响,使得负载时的气隙磁场基本上与空载磁场一致,在此基础上证明了当气隙磁场为梯形波分布且有120°平顶时,使用电流源控制,在一定条件下,产生的固有转矩波动大大减弱。     

永磁球形电动机转矩特性的数值计算与分析

提出了一种新型永磁球形电动机的基本结构与运行机理,建立了其三维有限元分析模型;针对驱动电机自转的转矩进行了数值仿真,得到了永磁球形电动机的电磁转矩特性曲线和磁阻转矩特性曲线．通过比较分析球形电机不同转子极充磁方式、定子线圈铁心磁导率以及定子外壳是否采用铁磁材料时电磁转矩特性的变化,得出了提高球形电机输出转矩的有效途径．系统地分析了球形电机主要参数的变化对电机转矩的影响,得到了永磁球形电动机最大静转矩随定子极高度、定子铁心半径、永磁含量系数、线圈安匝数以及气隙长度等参数的变化规律．分析结果为永磁球形电动机的优化设计提供了依据．     

气动齿轮马达数学模型与实验研究

根据气压传动原理以及齿轮式气动马达的结构和特点,以力矩平衡的思想建立了气动式齿轮马达静态特性的数学模型,对一种气动式齿轮马达进行了计算,并通过实验与理论计算值进行了比较,说明对气动马达的扭矩模型的推导及其参数计算是准确的.     

异步电动机降压运行时的转速变化分析

基于异步电动机电磁转矩的实用表达式,分析了电动机分别带恒转矩、恒功率和平方律性质的三类典型负载的降压运行,得出其转差率和转速降落的计算方法,并进行了实例计算研究．在理论上为校核降压引起的电动机转速降低是否满足运行要求提供了依据．     

四足机器人电驱关节用轴向磁通永磁电机设计

针对现有四足机器人电驱关节用径向磁通永磁电机存在轴向尺寸长、转矩密度低的缺陷,基于电驱关节对电机的性能指标要求,提出了一种采用双定子单转子结构的轴向磁通永磁同步电机电磁设计方案。采用Maxwell软件建立了电机的三维有限元模型,进行了电磁仿真分析。仿真结果表明：轴向磁通永磁电机额定功率为260 W,额定输出转矩为2.53 N·m,电机效率为85.36%;峰值功率为630 W,峰值转矩为7.52 N·m,仿真结果满足电机性能指标要求。对轴向磁通永磁电机与径向磁通永磁电机在相同工况下的转矩进行分析,轴向磁通永磁电机输出转矩高于径向磁通永磁电机。该轴向磁通永磁电机电磁方案为四足机器人电驱关节用电机的高转矩密度、高功率密度设计提供了新的思路。     

Halbach阵列永磁球形电动机转矩的三维有限元分析

为分析Halbach阵列永磁球形电动机复杂边界条件对电机性能的影响,采用有限元法对电机转矩特性进行了研究．建立了Halbach阵列永磁球形电动机三维有限元模型,得到了电机转矩的空间分布,并与解析法得到的结果进行了对比分析．在保证Halbach阵列永磁球形电机体积不变的情况下,分析了电机结构参数对电机性能的影响．对不同磁体结构球形电动机产生的自转转矩和倾斜转矩进行了比较．漏磁、磁场谐波及各自由度之间的电磁耦合对转矩特性的影响可以在有限元法中得到体现,使其与解析法得到的结果有所差别．永磁球形电动机采用Halbach阵列磁体结构后,转矩的输出能力得到了提高．在电机结构参数中,转子磁体厚度、定子线圈高度、内径及外径对电机的输出转矩能力具有较大的影响．结果表明在提高电机转矩输出能力上,电机结构参数存在最优值．     

燃料电池轿车用无刷直流电机控制技术研究

介绍了成功应用于燃料电池轿车动力系统上的无刷直流电机控制系统.采用状态变量法对无刷直流电机构造了数学模型,在对转矩闭环控制的电机特性分析的基础上,研究了全转速范围内的电机牵引控制技术,进一步得出多变量控制结构框图.控制采用双环结构,即转矩/电流环和占空比环,弱磁角通过占空比的比例调节给出.最后,给出了不同转速段转矩闭环的控制结果.实验表明,该方法控制效果良好,可以使系统运行于高效区,满足燃料电池轿车对驱动系统的要求.     

方波供电下单相电容电动机稳态性能分析

本文提出了用逼近形式的分析解法,求解方波供电下单相电容电动机的电流和转矩波形。电机采用定子α、β座标系统。用特征值和特征矢量的方法,求解电机网络对阶跃电压的响应。根据稳态时波形对称的条件,求得特征矢量的尺度系数,从而推导出电流和转矩的解析式。用实验对计算结果进行了验证。