利用太阳能规模制氢

建立可持续发展的能源系统是当今人类社会必须解决的最为关键的问题之一。新的能源系统需要有一种可持续发展的能源载体来替代目前使用的燃料，氢正是这样一种理想的二次能源载体。利用太阳能规模制氢具有可持续发展的特点，对缓解能源紧缺、减少环境污染具有重大意义，是能源科技领域国际竞争的焦点之一，已被国际上许多大型氢能研究计划列为重要研究方向。国家科技部于2003年度正式批准“973计划”中立项进行利用太阳能规模制氢的基础研究。在阐述利用太阳能规模制氢国内外研究现状的基础上，重点介绍了西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室近年来在该领域的理论和实验研究工作中所取得的一系列最新进展。     

能源-经济-环境系统的可持续发展研究

为了有效地观测我国能源-经济-环境系统的发展水平与趋势,针对系统各指标间的关系错综复杂,本文提出一种基于灰色关联度分析和TOPSIS法的综合评价模型。根据该模型与灰色预测模型对能源-经济-环境系统及其各子系统的综合发展水平与可持续发展度进行了测算和分析,进而给出了高水平可持续发展模式及建议。     

推进多联产能源系统

在一次性能源以煤为主的情况下，如何构建资源、能源、环境整体化的可持续发展能源系统，是从现在就要开始重点研究并逐步实施的战略性问题。     

临沧发展“生物柴油”膏桐产业初探

能源是经济社会可持续发展的动力，也是人类赖以生存和进步的物质基础。能源危机是人类面临的世界性的问题，开发清洁的、可再生的新能源已成为关系经济社会可持续发展的重大课题，用可再生能源逐步代替不可再生能源是未来能源总的发展趋势。本文对临沧发展“生物柴油”产业进行了初步探讨。     

生物质能系统研究及发展

阐述了近年来世界各国在生物质能源系统研究和应用方面的成果和经验，强调了在生物质能源的开发利用过程中，运用系统工程的方法．对于实现能源、社会、经济、环境的协调发展，实行可持续发展战略，将提供有益的帮助。     

以煤气化为核心的多联产能源系统--资源/能源/环境整体优化与可 持续发展

环境污染已成为制约我国经济可持续发展的瓶颈,按照现有技术,我国的能源系统是不可持续的。在一次能源以煤为主而且长期不可能大幅度变化的国情下,如何构建资源、能源、环境整体化的可持续发展能源系统,是从现在就要开始重点研究并逐步实施的战略性问题。文章在介绍国外可持续能源系统研究的最新进展基础上,提出以煤气化为核心的多联产能源系统是解决我国未来可持续发展的方向,详细论述了可能实施的多联产耦合实例,效益分析以及需要解决的关键技术和科学问题;对我国实施多联产战略的起步、分层次步骤、政府支持以及相关政策提出了建议。     

“阳光”能源的开拓与创新——记合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院副院长张兴教授

随着全球经济的发展．曾经作为社会发展支柱之一的能源．也在各种因素的影响下对可持续发展产生了严重的制约，如何拓展新能源的利用、摆脱能源危机就成了备受各国政府关注的焦点问题。在形形色色的可再生能源中．太阳能和风能被认为是最有发展前途的两种能源，若加以高效利用．必将对社会经济的可持续发展起着重要的推动作用，而可再生能源的开拓与创新则离不开有“高性能系统与集成不可或缺的关键核心技术”之称的电力电子与电力传动技术。     

太原市可持续发展能源的研究

通过对太原市未来5年的社会经济发展战略、能源需求预到和环境污染趋势等影响能源环境系统的主要因素的分析，提出了在太原市实现能源可持续发展的必然性和主要思路，为有关部门探讨能源需求、环境保护与经济发展之间的协调问题提供了科学依据。     

论顶极群落对人类可持续发展能源战略的启示

人类在发展中出现的能源、资源、环境问题归根究底是人口超过世界人口容量的问题。而顶极群落作为自然界中特定地域允许的生物量最大的状态,对人类可持续发展战略的制定具有重要借鉴意义。本文着重从能源方面将顶极群落与人类生态经济系统的能源结构与能流状况进行对比分析,提出改变能源结构,提高获取能量的能力和减缓人口增长、节制过度消费、充分利用获取的能量两个方面的启示,为人类可持续发展的长期能源战略提供理论上的论证。     

区域能源-经济-环境系统耦合协调演化特征——以宁波市为例

 人类社会可持续发展的关键是实现能源、经济和环境3个系统之间的协调发展，对3者之间协调状况的定量分析，是本领域的核心问题之一。宁波市经济发展迅速，已成为中国“万亿俱乐部”的新成员，以宁波市为例，建立了能源-经济-环境（3E）系统的指标体系，分析了宁波市及其各个县市区的能源、经济和环境系统的发展水平，并通过耦合协调度算法计算了3个系统之间的耦合协调性。结果表明宁波市经济发展过程中3个系统的耦合协调性呈不断增加的趋势，整体处于一种良好的、可持续的发展状态。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.