Si对无压浸渗SiCp/Al复合材料显微组织与热导率的影响

研究了Al-8Mg基体中添加Si对无压浸渗SiCp/Al复合材料显微组织和热导率的影响.结果表明,Si能够改善Al与SiC的润湿性,减少复合材料孔隙度,抑制界面反应,提高相对密度.不含Si时,Al与SiC界面反应严重,并且润湿性较差,导致复合材料的热导率和相对密度较低;当基体中添加质量分数12%的Si时,界面反应受到完全抑制,热导率取得最大值;进一步提高基体中Si含量,由于铝基体的热导率随Si含量的增加而降低,导致复合材料的热导率也随之降低.     

Cu-Ni-Al系合金铸态组织研究

对Cu-Ni-Al系合金的铸态组织进行研究,使企业更好地认识和了解Cu-Ni-Al系列合金,进而更好地开发利用该合金.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪,对Cu-Ni-Al和Cu-Ni-Al-Ti合金进行观察和分析.结果表明：Cu-9.0Ni-1.4Al合金铸态组织中枝晶组织与偏析区（Ni₃Al）界限十分明显,且枝晶组织比较粗大.而Ti的加入促使Ni和Cu的分布变得均匀,并且Ti的加入使合金中有魏氏体产生,致使合金的力学性能降低,减小了合金的变形能力,导致Cu-9.0Ni-1.4Al-0.5Ti合金在热轧时有开裂的现象发生.并且能谱分析显示Ni₃Al存在于枝晶中和枝晶间,说明Ni₃Ti的稳定性较好,在高温时就有Al₃Ti形成,在固溶扩散过程中,Ni₃Ti被排挤到枝晶之间,形成第二相.     

Microstructure and properties of an Al-Ti-Cu-Si brazing alloy for SiC-metal joining

An Al-Ti-Cu-Si solid-liquid dual-phase alloy that exhibits good wettability and appropriate interfacial reaction with SiC at 500-600℃ was designed for SiC-metal joining. The microstructure, phases, differential thermal curves, and high-temperature wetting behavior of the alloy were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and the sessile drop method. The experimental results show that the 76.5Al-8.5Ti-5Cu-10Si alloy is mainly composed of Al-Al₂Cu and Al-Si hypoeutectic low-melting-point microstructures (493-586℃) and the high-melting-point intermetallic compound AlTiSi (840℃). The contact angle, determined by high-temperature wetting experiments, is approximately 54°. Furthermore, the wetting interface is smooth and contains no obvious defects. Metallurgical bonding at the interface is attributable to the reaction between Al and Si in the alloy and ceramic, respectively. The formation of the brittle Al₄C₃ phase at the interface is suppressed by the addition of 10wt% Si to the alloy.     

Ni-Al系合金中的逆马氏体相变

采用多功能内耗仪测量室温至400 °C过程中，油淬Ni 36Al二元合金以及Ni27Al-12Fe、Ni-21.2Al-20Fe和Ni-24Al-16Fe三元合金的内耗和相对动力学模量，并采用X射线衍射仪分析了合金的相组成.结果表明：油淬Ni-36Al合金具有完全马氏体结构，油淬Ni-21.2Al-20Fe合金中含少量马氏体和大量类似Ni3Al和Ni5Al3的金属间化合物；在相同的频率和升温速率条件下，油淬Ni-21.2Al-20Fe的内耗峰最高且最窄，其内耗峰所对应的温度最低，油淬Ni-36Al的内耗峰最低且最宽，其内耗峰所对应的温度最高，并随Fe含量的增加而降低，且与其当量Al（Aleq）含量有关；内耗峰高度与单位时间内马氏体（L10）转变为奥氏体（γ）的转变量有关，而总的转变量与转变时间（峰宽）有关.     

Effect of Mg and Si on infiltration behavior of Al alloys pressureless infiltration into porous SiCp preforms

The effect of Mg and Si additon to Al matrix on infiltration kinetics and rates of Al alloys pressureless infiltration into porous SiCp preform was investigated by observing the change of infiltration distance with time as the Al alloys infiltrate into SiCp preforms at different temperatures. The results show that infiltration of SiCp preforms by Al melt is a thermal activation process and there is an incubation period before the infiltration becomes stable. With the increase of Mg content in the Al alloys from 0wt% to 8wt%, the infiltration will become much easier, the incubation period becomes shorter and the infiltration rate is faster, but these effects are not obvious when the Mg content is higher than 8wt%. As for Si addition to the Al alloys, it has no obvious effect on the incubation period, but the infiltration rate increases markedly with the increase of Si content from 0wt% to 12wt% and the rate has no obvious change when the content is bigger than 12wt%. The effect of Mg and Si on the incubation period is related to the infiltration mechanism of Al pressureless infiltration into SiCp preforms and their impact on the infiltration rate is a combined result from viscosity and surface tension of Al melt and SiC-Al wetting ability.     

三元合金及金属间化合物中各组分活度系数的计算

根据Kohler三元溶体模型和Miedema二元系统生成热模型，建立了计算三元合金及金属化合物中各组分活度系数的方程。计算了三元合金Ti-5Al-2.5Sn,Ti-6Al-4V及不同温度下金属间化合物TiAl,Ti3Al和Ti2AlNb中各组分的活度系数。并与有关实验值进行了对比.计算结果表明此公式的计算结果与实验值吻合较好，解决了固态二元、三元合金及金属间化合物中各组分的活度系数的计算问题，Ti与A1活度系数均小于1，对Raoultl定律产生负偏差。根据所计算的活度系数和活度值，预测了SiC/TiAl,SiC/Ti3Al和SiC/Ti2AlNb复合材料的界面反应，表明SiC/Ti3Al界面反应较为严重。     

Cu-Al-Ni形状记忆合金中马氏体的稳定化

本文用电阻法研究了铜基形状记忆合金的马氏体稳定化现象．实验结果表明：Ｃｕ－１２Ａ１－４Ｎｉ记忆合金具有较明显的稳定化倾向，稳定化的同时，合金的记忆能力发生衰退。     

Cu-Ni-Si基引线框架合金的组织和性能

设计了4种不同成分的引线框架铜合金,通过对比其硬度、强度、导电性以及软化温度等,分析了合金中P,Ni,Si,Cr合金元素对合金各性能的影响.研究结果表明:采用合理的热处理工艺可以使Cu-3Ni-0.6Si基合金在时效过程中析出尺寸在20～40 nm之间的δ-Ni2Si颗粒,使合金的强度和导电率达到良好的匹配;微量的P能有效地提高合金的强度、硬度和弹性模量,同时使Ni2Si析出颗粒的弥散度提高,尺寸减小,但会降低合金的导电率;少量的Cr能有效提高合金的强度和软化温度.     

Fe3Al基合金在模拟汽车尾气气氛中的腐蚀行为

研究了Fe-28Al-5Cr,Fe-28Al-5Cr-0.5Nb-0.1C合金及其采用钨极氩弧焊接的Fe3Al基合金焊缝,在模拟汽车尾气气氛中的腐蚀行为,分析了腐蚀产物的组成及形成机理,并与目前在汽车尾气系统应用的A3央钢及1Cr18Ni9不锈钢进行对比,结果表明,由于在实验条件下Fe3Al基合金及其焊缝表面形成了一层致密的Al2O3氧化膜,与不锈钢相同,显示出优良的抗蚀性能,与此相对比,由于A3钢表面形成疏松的Fe2O3膜容易剥落,而使腐蚀加剧。     

Melt Infiltration Ability and Microstructural Evolution of Fe40Al/ TiC Composites System

Pressureless melt infiltration is an economic route f or preparation of high-density ceramic/melt composites. In this study, the Fe40 Al iron aluminide intermetallic, a low cost material of excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, was used as binder for fabricating Fe40Al/TiC composites b y pressureless melt infiltration. The wetting ability of liquid Fe40Al in porous TiC pre-form was studied by in-situ monitoring the melting and infiltration p rocess. The infiltration ability was investigated by ob...     

Si和Al对机械合金化合成Ti_3SiC_2的影响

采用3Ti/Si/2C单质粉体为原料,进行机械合金化,以合成Ti3SiC2粉体.研究了Al和过量Si对机械合金化合成Ti3SiC2的影响.研究结果表明,机械合金化单质混合粉体,会诱发自蔓延反应.反应后产生大量坚硬的颗粒状产物.机械合金化3Ti/Si/2C粉体,会产生组成相为TiC、Ti3SiC2、TiSi2和Ti5Si3的粉体与颗粒产物.添过量Si并不会促进机械合金化反应合成Ti3SiC2.添适量Al可消除硅化物,明显促进反应合成Ti3SiC2.采用3Ti/Si/2C/0.15A1粉体作原料时,颗粒产物中Ti3SiC2含量最高,为92.8wt%;而采用3Ti/Si/2C/0.20A1粉体作原料时,粉体产物中Ti3SiC2含量最高,为61.9wt%.     

添加元素对反应烧结碳化硅导电特性的影响

研究了Ni、Mo和Al元素对反应烧结碳化硅导电特性的影响．试样通过室温、高温电阻率的测定和显微组织分析，可知在室温与高温下，加入Ni、Mo和Al均可明显降低反应烧结碳化硅的电阻率，随着Ni、Mo和Al加入量的增加，碳化硅的室温电阻率也下降．其中，Ni、Mo对反应烧结碳化硅电阻率的影响比Al大．在烧结过程中，Ni、Mo分别与液态Si反应，并在碳化硅粒子界面处生成Ni     

Influence of nickel and copper on liquid structure of CuAlNi shape memory alloys

Liquid structure of molten pure Cu, Cu-12Al, Cu-12Al-4Ni (mass fraction, %) alloys has been investigated using the X-ray diffraction method. It is found that the main peak of the structure factor of pure Cu is symmetrical. In the front of main peak, the curve takes on a shape of parabola, whereas a distinct pre-peak has been found around a scattering vector magnitude of 18.5 nm^?1 in the structure factor of the liquid Cu-12Al alloy. This pre-peak increases its intensity with the addition of Ni in the liquid Cu-12Al-4Ni alloy. The appearance of a pre-peak is a mark of the mediate-range order. Based on Daken-Gurry theory and according to mutual interaction between unlike atoms, the analysis of correlation between different composition and liquid structure was done: the strong interaction exists between Cu and Ni, so Cu-Al can form strong chemical bond which causes compound-forming behavior. Therefore, the medium-range size clusters can form in melt. The presence of the pre-peak corresponds to these clusters. The addition of Ni can strengthen the interaction between unlike atoms and increase the sizes of clusters, thus result in the height of pre-peak increasing.     

Minor-alloyed Cu-Ni-Si alloys with high hardness and electric conductivity designed by a cluster formula approach

Cu-Ni-Si alloys are widely used due to their good electrical conductivities in combination with high strength and hardness. In the present work, minor-alloying with M =(Cr, Fe, Mo, Zr) was conducted for the objective of further improving their hardness while maintaining their conductivity level. A cluster-plus-glue-atom model was introduced to design the compositions of M-alloyed Cu-Ni-Si alloys, in which an ideal composition formula[(Ni,Si,M)-Cu_(12)]Cu_3(molar proportion) was proposed. To guarantee the complete precipitation of solute elements in fine δ-Ni_2 Si precipitates, the atomic ratio of(Ni,M)/Si was set as 2/1. Thus the designed alloy series of Cu_(93.75)(Ni/Zr)_(3.75)Si_(2.08)(Cr/Fe/Mo)_(0.42)(at%) were arc-melted into ingots under argon atmosphere, and solidsolutioned at 950 ℃ for 1 h plus water quenching and then aged at 450 ℃ for different hours. The experimental results showed that these designed alloys exhibit high hardness(HV 1.7 GPa) and good electrical conductivities(≥ 35% IACS). Specifically, the quinary Cu_(93.75)Ni_(3.54)Si_(2.08)(Cr/Fe)_(0.42)Zr_(0.21) alloys(Cu-3.32 Ni-0.93 Si-0.37(Cr/Fe)-0.30 Zr wt%) possess both a high hardness with HV = 2.5-2.7 GPa, comparable to the highstrength KLFA85 alloy(Cu-3.2 Ni-0.7 Si-1.1 Zn wt%,HV= 2.548 GPa),and a good electrical conductivity(35-36% IACS).     

Influence of nickel and copper on liquid structure of CuAINi shape memory alloys

Liquid structure of molten pure Cu, Cu-12Al, Cu-12Al-4Ni (mass fraction, %) alloys has been investigated using the X-ray diffraction method. It is found that the main peak of the structure factor of pure Cu is symmetrical. In the front of main peak, the curve takes on a shape of parabola, whereas a distinct pre-peak has been found around a scattering vector magnitude of 18.5 nm^-1 in the structure factor of the liquid Cu-12Al alloy. This pre-peak increases its intensity with the addition of Ni in the liquid Cu-12Al-4Ni alloy. The appearance of a pre-peak is a mark of the mediate-range order. Based on Daken-Gurry theory and according to mutual interaction between unlike atoms, the analysis of correlation between different composition and liquid structure was done: the strong interaction exists between Cu and Ni, so Cu-Al can form strong chemical bond which causes compound-forming behavior. Therefore, the medium-range size clusters can form in melt. The presence of the pre-peak corresponds to these clusters. The addition of Ni can strengthen the interaction between unlike atoms and increase the sizes of clusters, thus result in the height of pre-peak increasing.     

Spontaneous infiltration and wetting behaviors of a Zr-based alloy melt on a porous SiC substrate

The spontaneous infiltration and wetting behaviors of a Zr-based alloy melt on porous a SiC ceramic plate were studied using the sessile drop method by continuous heating and holding for 1800 s at different temperatures in a high-vacuum furnace. The results showed that the Zr-based alloy melt could partly infiltrate the porous SiC substrate without pressure due to the effect of capillary pressure. Wettability and infiltration rates increased with increasing temperature, and interfacial reaction products (ZrC_0.7 and TiC) were detected in the Zr-based alloy/SiC ceramic system, likely because of the reaction of the active elements Zr and Ti with elemental C. Furthermore, the redundant element Si diffused into the alloy melt.     

Fabrication and characterization of nanocrystalline Al/Al12（Fe,V）3Si alloys by consolidation of mechanically alloyed powders

The aim of this study was to produce bulk nanocrystalline Al/Al12（Fe,V）3Si alloys by mechanical alloying （MA） and subsequent hot pressing （HP） of elemental powders. A nanostructured Al-based solid solution was formed by MA of elemental powders for 60 h. After HP of the as-milled powders at 550℃ for 20 min, the Al12（Fe,V）3Si phase was precipitated in a nanocrystalline Al matrix. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images of the bulk samples represented a homogeneous and uniform microstructure that was superior to those previously obtained by rapid solidification-powder metallurgy （RS-PM）. Nanostructured Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si and Al-11.6Fe-1.3V-2.3Si alloys ex-hibited high HV hardness values of～205 and～254, respectively, which are significantly higher than those reported for the RS-PM counter-parts.     

Microstructure characterization of a pressureless infiltrating oxidized SiCp preform by Al-8Mg

The microstructure of a pressureless infiltrating 55vol% oxidized SiC preform by Al-8Mg alloy was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and X-ray diffraction. The TEM image of the interface between Al and SiC shows that the surface of SiC is covered by a rough nanocrystal layer of MgAl₂O₄, Al₂O₃, and Si, produced by the interfacial reaction of Al, Mg, and SiO₂ on the surface of SiC. The Al-SiC interface is also examined by HRTEM to be better understood how MgAl₂O₄ and Al₂O₃ are produced. Dendritic Al₂O₃ crystals are embedded in the pores of the composite generated from the mutual bonding of SiO₂ on the surface of SiC. Columnar AlN crystals of about 250 nm in length are bunched vertically on the SiC particle surface.     

TiB2和Al3Ti对近共晶Al?12.6Si合金组织、力学性能和断裂行为的影响

A near eutectic Al?12.6Si alloy was developed with 0.0wt%, 2.0wt%, 4.0wt%, and 6.0wt% Al?5Ti?1B master alloy. The microstructural morphology, hardness, tensile strength, elongation, and fracture behaviour of the alloys were studied. The unmodified Al?12.6Si alloy has an irregular needle and plate-like eutectic silicon (E_Si) and coarse polygonal primary silicon (P_Si) particles in the matrix-like α-Al phase. The P_Si, E_Si, and α-Al morphology and volume fraction were changed due to the addition of the Al?5Ti?1B master alloy. The hardness, UTS, and elongation improved due to the microstructural modification. Nano-sized in-situ Al₃Ti particles and ex-situ TiB₂ particles caused the microstructural modification. The fracture images of the developed alloys exhibit a ductile and brittle mode of fracture at the same time. The Al?5Ti?1B modified alloys have a more ductile mode of fracture and more dimples compared to the unmodified alloy.     

Ti对Al2O3／Ni复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响

以无压烧结方式制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ（Ｔｉ）（体积分数）复合材料．通过分析Ｔｉ元素的分布状态，研究了Ｔｉ添加剂对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响规律．结果表明，Ｔｉ元素集中分布在Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｎｉ相界面附近，并通过促进相界面润湿，强化相界面结合而显著改善复合材料的力学性能．实验成分范围内，随Ｔｉ含量增加，三点弯曲强度提高，而断裂韧性在３％Ｔｉ（质量百分数）时具有最大值，为６．２ＭＰａｍ１２．断口形貌分析表明，复合材料的增韧机理为桥接机理