长大坡道高速列车制动闸片磨耗规律分析

高原铁路具有桥隧比高、长大坡道多、高寒高海拔、自然地理环境极其复杂等特点，高速列车长时间在上述复杂环境中运行时，其制动闸片损耗较在平原地区更为严重，但是目前国内尚无先例研究长大坡道环境下在役期间高速列车制动闸片的磨耗情况，导致长大坡道高速列车制动闸片状态监测技术缺乏相应理论支撑.首先通过自适应参数灰度映射方法及结构分解算法融合红外图像和可见光图像的优点，建立了制动闸片图像识别模型.然后以长大坡道和传统坡道为例，对高温环境和低温环境下高速列车制动闸片进行图像采集及磨耗量计算分析.结果显示：在同一环境温度下，高速列车制动闸片在长大坡道与传统坡道下的磨耗量差值随着走行里程的增加而增加；在同一坡道线路下，高速列车制动闸片在高温环境与低温环境下的磨耗量差值随着走行里程的增加基本无变化；高速列车制动闸片磨耗速度受坡道线路的影响比受环境温度的影响更大.研究成果可为研究高原铁路高速列车制动闸片状态监测提供理论支撑.     

极小样本下高速列车轴承的可靠性评估

针对高速列车轴承在极小样本零失效情况下的可靠性试验评估问题,采用Bayes数据统计理论将先验信息与试验信息进行融合,建立累积失效概率数学模型,根据最小二乘法求解出二参数威布尔分布中的待定参数,得出高速列车轴承可靠性数学模型.研究结果为评估高速列车轴承的可靠性和运行安全性提供了一定的理论依据.     

高速列车智能诊断与故障预测技术研究

综合运用列车运维产生的实时数据和历史数据,提取智能诊断模型,对车载设备运行状态进行监控和预测,是建立高速列车智能诊断和故障预测系统的思路和方法.以转向架关键轴承的可靠性监测和故障预警作为案例,系统阐述了该方法在轨道交通装备故障预测方面的应用.通过对比轴承监测系统记录的原始数据和诊断模型的预测结果,验证了该研究对于提高高速列车运行安全的重要意义和有效性.高速列车运维的长期实践表明,整体框架和建模方法对于现阶段建立系统的、分层次的高速列车智能诊断和故障预测系统具有现实的指导意义,在提高列车检修效率方面起到重要作用.     

快速列车盘型制动热过程有限元分析

制动热过程分析对于列车制动盘的结构设计及寿命评估具有重要意义。该文对160km.h-1快速列车制动盘温度场进行了数值计算,重点讨论了制动加载方式、制动工况和环境温度对制动盘瞬态温度场的影响。将闸片与制动盘的摩擦生热等效为瞬时移动面热源,建立了循环对称制动盘有限元分析模型,进而采用MSC.Marc有限元软件分析了制动盘瞬时温度场的三维分布特征及制动盘工作面的热循环历程。结果表明:由于接触区的温度不均匀性,采用均布制动载荷方式不利于闸片的均匀磨损;混合制动模式下对制动盘产生瞬时尖峰热冲击;制动盘内的瞬时温度梯度及温度变化速率具有基于环境温差的整体平移特性。     

新型闸片结构关键部件应力及寿命分析

制动系统为CRH动车组列车中最为关键的系统之一,而目前国内高铁上安装的闸片大多数采用进口形式,成本较高.本文在保证互换性与实用性的基础上,设计出新型闸片结构.以该种新型闸片结构为例,利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件在最恶劣情况下进行仿真分析,得到关键连接部件的Mises应力,通过等寿命疲劳转换,得到该闸片关键部件的疲劳寿命.结果表明:该新型闸片结构满足相关标准规定的强度与疲劳寿命要求,故可做进一步装车试验,推进闸片国产化进程.     

基于TCN的网络化旅客列车轮对状态在线监测系统

旅客列车是一个复杂的大动态系统,轮对是旅客列车机械故障的多发部位,为及时有效地防范和预警列车轮对故障,在分析我国旅客列车基本结构、安全装备情况的基础上,以列车轮对状态在线监测为基础,设计了基于TCN的网络化旅客列车轮对状态在线监测系统,并给出其具体实现方案.系统由列车在线状态监测与故障诊断主机、车辆级状态监测分机和各车载设备监测模块组成.每节车辆由车辆级状态监测分机通过MVB将车辆内部各状态监测模块联结成为监测网络,利用WTB将全列车的车辆级状态监测分机连为一体,构成一个完整的、基于TCN标准架构的列车状态监测与故障诊断系统.为开展列车上其他机械部分、电气部分等的故障诊断构建了一个TCN标准的网络平台.图6,参15.     

高速列车透射噪声与结构噪声的分离

高速列车噪声是影响车内旅客舒适度和铁路沿线居民生活质量的重要因素,如何有效的降低噪声是高速列车设计者们所关心的问题之一.研究表明,高速列车的车内噪声由透射噪声与结构噪声组成,如何有效的从车内噪声中分离出这两种噪声成分将为列车的减振降噪设计提供一定的指导作用.本文以高速列车实车噪声数据为研究对象,首先运用多种数字信号处理的方法对高速列车噪声数据进行了分析,总结了高速列车噪声的主要特点;然后通过对列车静止时和运行时的噪声透射情形分别进行建模和分析,指出可以利用车体的频响特性作为反映车体隔声性能的声学参数,并提出了一种计算频响特性的简便算法;最后,利用该算法从实车噪声数据中计算出了车体的频响特性,并在此基础上实现了透射噪声与结构噪声的分离.     

高速列车司机室前窗框焊接变形

高速列车司机室前窗框由全铝合金空间曲梁焊接而成，焊接变形难以控制.采用固有应变法对某型号高速列车司机室前窗框进行焊接变形仿真分析，与实测数据对比表明：该方法预测高速列车前窗框的焊接变形准确、可行.     

基于GPS的列车车辆里程表

针对传统统计列车里程方法效率低、数据不准确的弱点,提出了采用基于GPS的铁路列车车辆里程表设计方法.通过GPS系统采集、计算列车行驶里程,数据库系统调度、管理数据和计算机网络进行数据共享,实现对铁路列车车辆里程的高速、高效管理与维护.     

椭球型高速列车头车设计与阻力特性数值模拟

针对椭球形高速列车头车的结构特点,介绍了一种应用非均匀有理B样条理论的头车数字化设计方法.根据二维数据创建了列车椭球形头部曲面的主控制线和辅助控制线,应用曲线曲率梳检测工具,通过调整控制点的位置,完成了控制曲线的调形与优化.大量彼此相切的非均匀有理B样条曲面片组成了列车头部外形曲面,将椭球形头部与后端的观光车进行了虚拟装配.通过定义几何模型、数学模型、边界条件以及网格划分等步骤,采用计算流体动力学方法计算了在不同速度时的钝体形列车与椭球形列车的空气阻力,结果表明椭球形列车具有良好的减阻作用.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.