不同氮源对盐生杜氏藻生长和β-胡萝卜素积累的影响

研究了 Ｎａ Ｎ Ｏ３、 Ｎ Ｈ４ Ｃｌ和脲 ３ 种不同氮源对盐生杜氏藻生长和 β胡萝卜素积累的影响．结果显示,在０．０５～０．５ ｇ／ Ｌ 浓度范围内,较高浓度 Ｎａ Ｎ Ｏ３ 对杜氏藻生长有利． Ｎ Ｈ４ Ｃｌ对杜氏藻的生长有毒害作用,０．２ ｇ／ Ｌ 的浓度即对杜氏藻生长有明显抑制作用,脲在０．１～１．８ ｇ／ Ｌ 的浓度范围内对杜氏藻的生长有促进作用．但当脲浓度达到 ３．０ ｇ／ Ｌ 时,生长速度又有所下降;杜氏藻细胞中β胡萝卜素积累量与培养基中 Ｎａ Ｎ Ｏ３ 浓度成反比．在室外强光照下,以 ０．１ ｇ／ Ｌ 低浓度脲和 Ｎａ Ｎ Ｏ３ 作为氮源,杜氏藻细胞均可积累较高的 β胡萝卜素含量．本文的实验结果提示,低浓度脲有利于杜氏藻细胞生长和 β胡萝卜素积累,可作为良好的氮源．     

转基因鱼腥藻7120光异养生长的研究

研究了不同有机碳源对转基因鱼腥藻７１２０生长的影响,在此基础上进行了光异养条件的优化,并研究了外源添加剂Ｌ－精氨酸、生长激素２,４－Ｄ与ＫＴ对藻细胞生长的影响。结果表明：蔗糖和葡萄糖能促进藻体的生长;最优碳氮源组合为葡萄糖６ｇ／Ｌ、ＮａＮＯ３１．５ｇ／Ｌ,经高压灭菌;Ｌ－精氨酸不支持藻体的光异养生长;一定含量的２,４－Ｄ与ＫＴ能促进藻体在光异养条件下的后期生长。     

盐生杜氏藻大量培养条件的研究

阐述了大量培养盐生杜氏藻的有关条件：在培养过程中需要间断地通过ＣＯ２１０ｍｌ／ｓ；加入３０μｍｏｌ／ＬＥＤＡＴ、５０μｍｏｌ／ＬＦｅ＾３＋，０．５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇ＾２＋均可提高藻体的生长，对β－胡萝卜素的积累有利；在培养过程中需加０．３ｍｍｏｌ／／的脲素作为氮源，也有利于藻体的生长。     

光照度及葡萄糖浓度对螺旋藻生长的影响

研究光照度和葡萄糖浓度对钝顶螺旋藻光合自养及混合培养生长速率的影响．在光合自养中，钝顶螺旋藻的生长受光照度的影响，最佳的光照度约为４０００ｌｘ．光照度的减少将明显降低其生长速率。如果光照度低于５００ｌｘ，将观察不到其生长．在混合培养中，光照度对螺旋藻的影响不及在光合自养中显著．在２０００至４０００ｌｘ光照度范围内，螺旋藻的生长几乎不受影响。而且在２．５×１０ｋｇ／Ｌ的葡萄糖浓度下，可获得２．６６×１０－３ｋｇ／Ｌ的最高干细胞质量浓度．光照度和葡萄糖浓度对钝顶螺旋藻生长的影响是相关联的：当光照度从４０００ｌｘ降至５００ｌｘ时，如果要获得最大的螺旋藻生长速率，葡萄糖的浓度应该从２．５×１０－３ｋｇ／Ｌ增加至５．０×１０－３ｋｇ／Ｌ。     

杜氏盐藻渗透压调节与三磷酸甘油脱氢酶同功酶的电泳分析

报道了盐藻在ＮａＣｌ浓度为０．１－３．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的培养液中均能够正常生长，其最适生长盐浓度为０．１－１．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，并能随大幅度的高渗震动。用超声波破壁后得到的细胞抽提液，经７．５％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，分离出３个三磷酸甘油脱氢酶的同功酶组分。其中“调渗型”同功酶被证明与渗透压调节紧密相关，同时还发现在“调渗型”同功酶附近，有４条着色较浅的同功酶带，其变化情况与“调渗型”同功酶相似。     

利用异养型微藻生产DHA

本研究旨在筛选高产ＤＨＡ的异养型微藻种．以含有５ｇ／Ｌ葡萄糖的Ｐｏｒｐｈｙｒｉｄｉｕｍ培养基为初始培养基,对四株异养双鞭藻———Ｃｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉ进行摇床培养筛选．其中ＣｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉＡＴＣＣ３０５５６的比生长速率（０．０６７／ｈ）、生物量（２．０４６ｇ／Ｌ）以及ＤＨＡ产量（１５９ｍｇ／Ｌ）均为最高．筛选结果表明,该藻种具有进一步研究的意义及进行工业化生产的可能．     

红豆杉细胞植板方法的研究

在红豆杉细胞植板中、适宜的培养基是优化的ＭＳ培养基,其中ＮＡＡ浓度为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,６ＢＡ浓度为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,培养细胞生长周期为４０ｄ;培养在中最优碳源浓度是：蔗糖３０ｇ／Ｌ,葡萄糖１０ｇ／Ｌ,无机盐最佳浓度是：ＮＨ＾＋４１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＮＬ＾－３４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＰＯ＾３－４１．２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。研究表明,培养基的ｐＨ值与植板率在。氨基酸及维生素等有机成分能明显促进细胞生长。     

红豆杉细胞植板方法的研究

在红豆杉细胞植板中,适宜的培养基是优化的ＭＳ培养基,其中ＮＡＡ浓度为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,６ＢＡ浓度为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ;培养细胞生长周期约４０ｄ;培养基中最优碳源浓度是：蔗糖３０ｇ／Ｌ、葡萄糖１０ｇ／Ｌ．无机盐最佳浓度是：ＮＨ＋４１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＮＯ－３４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＰＯ３－４１．２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ．研究表明,培养基的ｐＨ值与植板率密切相关．氨基酸及维生素等有机成分能明显促进细胞生长．来自细胞悬浮培养物的条件培养基能显著地促进红豆杉培养细胞的单细胞在低密度植板时的克隆形成     

江蓠属藻胆体的研究

报道了以青岛野生龙须菜、黄色突变体、４株绿色突变株、 瑞拉野和垅须菜、南非野生型龙须菜及真江蓠为材料,用蔗糖密度梯度离心法得到完整的藻胆全。３种野生型龙须菜和ｙｅ１００的藻胆体位于１．０－１．５ｏｌ／Ｌ蔗糖层;绿色突变体ｇｒ１８８的藻胆体位于０．７５－１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ蔗糖层;其余３种绿色突变体的藻蛆体位于０．７５ｍｏ／Ｌ蔗糖层,蔗糖层和１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ蔗糖层,实验还比较了藻胆体的吸收光谱特性,野生     

盐生杜氏藻Dunaliella salina的生物学特性与培养研究

盐生杜兵藻富含β－胡萝卜素和蛋白质，适宜在高纬度、光照强的各种咸水环境中生长，对它的生物学特性和培养条件进行了研究，发现适宜于盐生杜氏藻生长的培养基主要成分为：２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ，５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＮＯ３，６．５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＨＣＯ３，５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇＳｏｒ，０．３ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４。     

Sodium Acetate Stimulates PHB Biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

IntroductionA large variety of bacteria are able to synthesizepolyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHAs) and to depositlarge amounts of these polyesters as insolubleinclusions in cytoplasm[1 ] . PHAs have attractedthe interest of the chemical industry because oftheir biodegradable properties for applications invarious technical,medical,and pharmaceuticalapplications[2 ] .Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) isatypical PHA that is produced by heterotrophicbacteria,such as Alcaligenes eutrophus andEscherichi…     

Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Introduction Rapid adaptation to environmental challenges is vitally important for bacterial survival and growth. One way in which bacteria control their response to changing environmental conditions is through the mechanism of two-component signal transd…     

集胞藻PCC6803基因ssl1690缺失突变株的构建

使用BLAST软件对聚球藻PCC7002的裂合酶基因cpcT进行了同源搜索分析,在集胞藻PCC6803中获取了相似程度达68%的同源基因ssl1690.为进一步探讨ssl1690功能,构建了同源缺失突变载体,将其转入蓝藻细胞中,筛选得到基因缺失突变株,并将基因缺失突变株培养于BG11液体培养基中,观察了其生长情况和表型变化.结果表明:基因缺失突变株与野生株相比,生长有所延迟,有漂白现象.通过分离和比较SDS-PAGE电泳突变株与野生株的藻胆体蛋白,发现缺失株存在藻胆体组分蛋白的缺失.故认为集胞藻PCC6803 ssl1690基因功能与光合作用有关,其所编码的蛋白对藻蓝蛋白正常的体内生物合成具有重要作用.     

Contributions of DPOR at Low Light Intensi.ty to Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Growth in the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Introduction Chlorophylls (Chls) and bacteriochlorophylls (Bchls) are two of the most abundant classes of natural pigments, and their biosynthesis is a major metabolic activity in the ecosystem[1]. Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) is an intermediate in the Chl and Bchl biosynthetic pathway of photosynthetic organisms and its reduction to chlorophyllide (Chlide) is a key regulatory step in the Chl biosynthesis pathway. In this reaction, the porphyrin D-ring of Pchlide is converted to chlorin b…     

封闭式光生物反应器集胞藻6803光自养和混合营养培养比较

采用封闭式光生物反应器进行了蓝藻基因工程常用宿主系统集胞藻Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803的混合营养培养,并与光自养培养进行了比较,在两种培养方式下,集胞藻6803的饱和光强基本相同,都为5000lx,当入射光强为5000lx,初始葡萄糖浓度为1．74g/L时,混合营养生长在葡萄糖消耗完（69．5h)时的藻细胞密度为1．36g/L,叶绿素浓度为20．08mg/L,能量得率为16．7％,分别为同期光自养生长的3．8倍,2．3倍和2．6倍,这表明封闭式光生物反应器混合营养培养方式在促进集胞藻6803生长和光合色素合成及提高培养过程能量得率等方面都有显著作用。     

DnaJ-like protein gene sll1384 is involved in phototaxis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, gene sll1384 encodes a protein with a DnaJ domain at its N-terminal portion and a TPR domain at the C-terminal portion. An sll1384 mutant shows no difference from the wild type in adaptation to different temperatures, but almost completely loses its capability of phototactic movement. After complementation with sll1384, the mutant regains the phototaxis. As shown with electron microscopy, on the cell surface, mutant cells have pill that appear to be the same as that of the wild type. Also, the transformation efficiency remains unchanged in the mutant. It is postulated that Sll1384 regulates phototaxis of Synechocystis through protein-protein interaction. It is the first DnaJ-like protein gene identified in a cyanobacterium for a role in phototaxis.     

Changes in the transthylakoid proton gradient are caused by the movement of phycobilisomes in the cyanobacterium <Emphasis Type="Italic">Synechocystis</Emphasis> sp. strain PCC 6803

Phycobilisomes (PBSs) are the main accessory light-harvesting complexes in cyanobacteria and their movement between photosystems (PSs) affects cyclic and respiratory electron transport. However, it remains unclear whether the movement of PBSs between PSs also affects the transthylakoid proton gradient (ΔpH). We investigated the effect of PBS movement on ΔpH levels in a unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, using glycinebetaine to immobilize and couple PBSs to photosystem II (PSII) or photosystem I (PSI) by applying under far-red or green light, respectively. The immobilization of PBSs at PSII inhibited decreases in ΔpH, as reflected by the slow phase of millisecond-delayed light emission (ms-DLE) that occurs during the movement of PBSs from PSII to PSI. By contrast, the immobilization of PBSs at PSI inhibited the increase in ΔpH that occurs when PBSs move from PSI to PSII. Comparison of the changes in ΔpH and electron transport caused by the movement of PBSs between PSs indicated that the changes in ΔpH were most likely caused by respiratory electron transport. This will further improve our understanding of the physiological role of PBS movement in cyanobacteria.     

Deletion of an electron donor-binding subunit of the NDH-1 complex,NdhS, results in a heat-sensitive growth phenotype in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In cyanobacteria and higher plants, NdhS is suggested to be an electron donor-binding subunit of NADPH dehydrogenase （NDH-1） complexes and its absence impairs NDH-l-dependent cyclic electron trans- port around photosystem I （NDH-CET）. Despite significant advances in the study of NdhS during recent years, its functional role in resisting heat stress is poorly understood. Here, our results revealed that the absence of NdhS resulted in a serious heat-sensitive growth phenotype in the uni- cellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Furthermore, the rapid and significant increase in NDH-CET caused by heat treatment was completely abolished, and the repair of photosystem II under heat stress conditions was greatly impaired when compared to that of other photosynthetic apparatus in the thylakoid membrane. We therefore conclude that NdhS plays an important role in resistance to heat stress, possibly by stabilizing the electron input module of cyanobacterial NDH-1 complexes.     

Bifunctional enzyme FBPase/SBPase is essential for photoautotrophic growth in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

From a random insertion mutant library of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a mutant defective in photoautotrophic growth was obtained. The interrupted gene was identified to be slr2094 （fbpl）, which encodes the fructose-1,6-biphosphatase （FBPase）/sedoheptulose-1,7-biphosphatase （SBPase） bifunctional enzyme （F-I）. Two other independently constructed slr2094 mutants showed an identical phenotype. The FBPase activity was found to be virtually lacking in an slr2094 mutant, which was sensitive to light under mixotrophic growth conditions. These results indicate that slr2094 is the only active FBPase-encoding gene in this cyanobacterium. Inactivation of photosystem II by interrupting psbB in slr2094 mutant alleviated the sensitiveness to light. This report provides the direct genetic evidence for the essential role of F-I in the photosynthesis of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.     

Effect of Cl- on photosynthetic bicarbonate uptake in two cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Synechocystis PCC6803

Photosynthetic inorganic carbon utilization was investigated in two cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Synechocystis PCC6803 grown in standing culture. Photosynthetic rates for the two algae reached about 10 times the theoretical CO₂ supply rate at low dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of 100 μmol/L, and the rates were unaffected by the addition of 20 mmol/L Na⁺, indicating that the two algae possessed Na+-independent HCO^-₃ utilization for photosynthesis under low DIC. Their photo- synthetic rates at low DIC were inhibited by higher Cl^- and the degrees of inhibition were increased with the rise of CI^- concentration, and in the presence of Diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC), a reported Cl^- channel inhibitor, the rates decreased by 74%－82%, implying that putative DPC-sensitive Cl^- channels participate in Na+-independent HCO₃^- uptake for photosynthesis. The experiment of intracellular 14C-DIC accumulation for photosynthesis showed that internal DIC pools decreased by about 80% with 200 μmol/L DPC and by 64%－70% with 100 mmol/L Cl^-. The experiment of chlorophyll a fluorescence quenching showed that initial rates and extents of fluorescence quenching obviously decreased with 200 μmol/L DPC or 100 mmol/L Cl^-. The two experiments gave further evidence that putative DPC-sen- sitive Cl^- channels participate in Na+-independent HCO^-₃ uptake for photosynthesis in the two algae grown in standing culture.