“孤”与“独”——《江雪》文化意象词翻译的对比研究

中国古典诗歌中具有深厚文化意蕴的意象是诗歌翻译的关键所在。《江雪》英译文中不同译者对"孤"和"独"两字的翻译方法不同,有些译文破坏了原诗"意在言外"的意味深长的效果,这说明译者在翻译过程中不仅要正确理解诗中的意象及其所包含的文化意蕴,而且要准确运用目的语语言,尽可能在译文中保持原诗的意境美。     

古诗英译中文化意象的解读与重构

中国古诗是中国文学的精华,是中国文化的结晶。文化意象是诗歌翻译研究中的一个重要概念。指出在古诗英译中出现的文化意象错位,从文化视角探讨英译中文化意象的解读与重构,揭示这一视角下诗歌翻译研究的独特性和显在优势。     

从古典诗词中“花”意象旷观中国传统美学中的人与自然

"意象"是中国传统美学的核心要素,是中国古典诗歌的灵魂。"意象"生成的基础是人的审美体验。而"花意象"在古典诗词中俯拾皆是。"花"美丽的表象经过诗人词客主观的情感关照被赋予丰富的情感内涵,纷纷借"花"抒发情志,寄寓对生命的深切体悟。中国古典诗词中对"花"的描写,体现了中国人心灵深处人与自然交感互融的宇宙观和自然观,这种自然观直接导致了中国人审美化的人生态度。本文拟从古典诗词中的"花意象"探查中国传统美学中人与自然的关系,即中国古典美学的精神内核。     

唐诗宋词颜色词意象英译

唐诗宋词是中华五千年历史文化的积淀，堪称中国传统文化的瑰宝。颜色意象常被诗人作为抒发情感的载体。由于英汉两种语言和文化背景的差异，给唐宋诗歌的英译带来了挑战。通过对唐诗宋词不同译文的分析，总结出了唐诗意象的翻译策略，以期为唐宋诗词颜色意象的英译有所启发。     

框架语义学视角下古典诗词文化意象的英译

随着文化交流活动的日益频繁,翻译活动中文化意象的准确传递成为当前翻译界关注的热点。基于框架语义学,探讨古典诗词中文化意象的英译。分析结果表明框架语义学对文化意象的准确传递有较强解释力,验证了框架语义学对文化意象英译的解释力。该研究对古典诗词英译有一定的启发作用。     

西方意象派诗歌与Arthur Sze——《天净沙·秋思》的英译

针对中国古诗难以被英美译者译成恰当英文的观点,试图通过对元曲《天净沙·秋思》的英译和西方两首意象派诗歌的分析比较,探究第二代华裔美国诗人Arthur Sze成功翻译这首中国著名古曲的原因。模仿西方意象派诗歌的创作模式英译一些中国式“意象诗”也是一务能为英美读者认可的翻译途径。     

论古典小说中“闺怨”的“意象化情节”建构——以《金瓶梅》、《林兰香》为例

中国古典小说在形成和发展过程中几乎汲取了前代所有其它文体样式的成就,于古典诗歌中尤其受益良多。“意象”是探讨古典诗歌艺术的重要范畴。“意象”在古典小说作品中的具体呈现形态,最突出的就是“意象化情节”。“意象化情节”充分利用“意象”在小说情节结构中的作用,除了兼有“意象”主客交融、虚实相生的优点外,还具有动作性与表演性,是小说情节演进中的一环。“闺怨”是古典诗词的传统题材,由此形成了丰富的“意象”景观。古典小说尤其是人情小说经常涉及“闺怨”这一传统题材的描写,当然也会自觉借鉴古典诗词已有的艺术表达成就。本文试图以《金瓶梅》、《林兰香》为例,探讨古典小说中“闺怨”的“意象化情节“建构。     

功能翻译理论和文学翻译

功能翻译理论是否适用于文学翻译这个问题在批评界引起很大争议。在庞德对中国古典诗歌的英译、杨宪益夫妇对《红楼梦》的英译以及林语堂对《浮生六记》的英译中,三位译者迥然不同的翻译策略后面隐藏的是他们不同的翻译目的。目的决定方法,这正是功能翻译理论的核心。因此功能翻译理论是适用于文学翻译的,可以而且也应该作为我们评价文学翻译好坏的一个标准。     

论史耐德诗歌对中国古诗的移情

盖瑞·史耐德是美国家喻户晓的诗人。幼年时偶然的一次欣赏中国山水画的经历，即宣告他从此与中国文化结下不解之缘。诗人翻译的二十四首寒山诗还被选入《中国文学选集》，逐渐成为英译汉诗的经典。除了翻译，中国诗也直接影响了史耐德的诗歌创作。无论是古典诗歌的句法格律，还是中国文化的经验模式、思维模式，都对诗人产生了明显的“移情”效应。     

功能翻译理论和文学翻译

功能翻译理论是否适用于文学翻译这个问题在批评界引起很大争议.在庞德对中国古典诗歌的英译、杨宪益夫妇对《红楼梦》的英译以及林语堂对《浮生六记》的英译中,三位译者迥然不同的翻译策略后面隐藏的是他们不同的翻译目的.目的决定方法,这正是功能翻译理论的核心.因此功能翻译理论是适用于文学翻译的,可以而且也应该作为我们评价文学翻译好坏的一个标准.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the