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1.
温坚  田欢欢  康三军  薛郁 《广西科学》2010,17(3):227-231
在周期边界条件下,通过引入确定(随机)减速过程中动能减少的车辆分布,研究单一交通流元胞自动机Fukui-Ishibashi模型(FI模型)的能耗问题.研究发现,FI交通流模型的能耗在最大流量处发生不连续的变化,急剧减少趋近零,其左右各存在交通能耗极大值.在最大流量处,确定(随机)减速过程中动能减少的车辆分布最小,交通能耗随着车辆最大速度的增大,车辆长度的增长和随机减速概率的增大而增加.  相似文献   

2.
将文献[12]提出的统计平均解藕处理方法推广应用到一维交通流元胞自动机NS模型,根据概率论的定义,建立一维交通流元胞自动机NS模型多格点耦合的空间关联函数,得出t→∞情况下平均速度随减速概率和车辆密度变化的平均场方程,通过近似解耦处理得出车辆密度、速度及刹车概率三者的关系,模拟结果表明,车流平均速度与理论结果符合得较好。  相似文献   

3.
在分析经典一维单车道元胞自动机模型的基础上,提出了改进FI模型的TPFI模型.该模型在FI模型的基础上增加一个新的随机慢化概率,以减少FI模型中过大的瞬时加速度出现的概率.运用TPFI模型来描述交通流参数:密度-流量关系,发现在取得合适的概率值组合的条件下,该模型模拟的密度-流量曲线比其他元胞自动机模型的模拟结果更加接近于实际数据曲线,通过计算机编程实现车辆时空图模拟,验证TPFI模型与FI模型适用于低密度、高速度的交通流仿真.  相似文献   

4.
驾驶员的驾驶特性对交通流的影响   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
在单车道元胞自动机交通流N S模型基础上,通过引入不同的刹车概率来反映不同驾驶员的驾驶特性,并在周期边界条件下,对由激进驾驶车辆和谨慎驾驶车辆构成的混合交通流进行模拟.结果表明,在有谨慎驾驶车辆构成的交通流的临界密度以前,混合交通流的流量完全由谨慎驾驶员的特性决定;在谨慎驾驶车辆交通流临界密度以后,混合交通流的流量介于只有激进驾驶车辆和只有谨慎驾驶车辆的流量之间,小于完全是谨慎驾驶车辆流量和完全是激进驾驶车辆流量的线性之和;激进驾驶车辆和谨慎驾驶车辆的混合比例及它们的刹车概率对混合交通流的临界密度和流量有很大的影响.  相似文献   

5.
吴琪  童天雁 《科技信息》2013,(24):146-147
本文基于NS交通流模型,优先考虑驾驶的安全性,引入安全概率,考虑仅最高速车辆随机慢化,建立了开放边界条件下改进的NS模型。研究了入口概率、出口概率、车辆最大速度、安全概率等参数对系数流量的影响。改进模型从自由流相转化为堵塞流相或者从堵塞流相转化为最大流相的临界点有所变化。  相似文献   

6.
由于智能网联车的不断发展,未来将出现智能网联车和人工驾驶车共同存在的混合交通流,因此,研究道路上的混合交通有助于解决交通拥堵等问题,具有一定的现实意义。为探究这类混合交通流的流量、密度和速度之间的关系,文中综合考虑智能网联车辆退化和车辆时延,建立了自动驾驶环境下混合交通流的基本图模型。首先,确定交通流中的车辆类型和不同类型车辆的比例,并考虑联网智能车辆跟随人工车辆时发生的车辆功能退化;然后,确定3种车辆的延迟时间并改进每种车辆的跟驰模型;在此基础上,同时考虑车辆时延和车辆功能退化两种因素,推导出交通流平衡时的基本图模型,并对模型中的自由流速度参数进行敏感度分析。研究结果表明,智能网联车对混合交通流的最大流量和最佳密度有积极影响,车辆时延有消极影响,自由流速度则对混合交通流的最大流量有积极影响,对最佳密度有消极影响。SUMO仿真结果表明,在不同场景下仿真得到的流量–密度分布点符合理论曲线,验证了文中理论模型的准确性。  相似文献   

7.
一维元胞自动机随机交通流模型的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
依据概率论的定义,通过对稳态时关联函数的解耦,给出一维元胞自动机单速随机交通流模型中的关联函数与转入、转出及刹车概率之间的关系,继而进一步得出车辆的密度、速度、流量等物理量随这三个概率变化的理论值,理论结果与实验模拟相一致.  相似文献   

8.
提出一种改进的单车道混合车辆元胞自动机交通流模型,考虑了车间距、车速对随机延迟概率的影响:当车速预期大于车间距时,其延迟概率较大;当车速预期等于车间距时,其相应的延迟概率较小;当车速预期小于车间距时,其具有的延迟概率最小.按此模型,通过计算机数值模拟,研究了具有不同最大行驶速度、不同随机延迟概率的车辆组成的混合交通流,得到的基本图在自由流区域出现跳变现象,在拥堵区域出现两个流量峰值,表明这是一种同步交通流现象.  相似文献   

9.
在交通流NaSch模型的基础上,考虑了当车辆速度大于车间距时,司机对前车的敏感驾驶随机减速行为,其概率与最大速度驾驶及延迟加速的随机过程不同,由此提出了一维交通流元胞自动机模型.计算机数值模拟结果得到的基本图显示出交通容量非常接近实测的交通容量,而且还显示出亚稳态特征、滞后效应和相分离现象等复杂的实际交通行为;这都是由于敏感驾驶所导致的,而且表明交通流元胞自动机模型演化步骤的顺序对交通流的状态起了很大的作用.并且这样的模型是合理和符合实际的.  相似文献   

10.
混合交通流的动力学模型及其特征关系   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
引入超车换道流量,建立了混合交通流的连续性方程;通过对交通流参数的微分变换,建立了混合交通流的运动微分方程,连续性方程和运动微分方程构成了混合交通流的动力学模型.采用特征线法对模型进行分析求解,在高速低密度区和低速高密度区分别得到了两组特征线和对应的特征关系式.特征关系式中包含了超车换道流量以及干道速度、密度和流量,是研究混合交通流参数之间关系的基础.  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

14.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

15.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

16.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

17.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

18.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…  相似文献   

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