支持向量机在电力变压器故障诊断中的应用

利用支持向量机的学习方法，构建了电力变压器故障诊断模型．该模型将变压器故障分为放电性和过热性两大类，通过统计分析寻求特征量区分类间的故障类型，采用支持向量机识别类内的故障类型，利用基于交叉验证的网格搜索法来确定支持向量机的参数．考虑到变压器油中溶解气体特征空间的紧致性原理，利用模糊C均值聚类算法对所获取的样本进行预选取，有效地解决了确定模型参数时耗时巨大的问题，并一定程度提高了模型的推广能力．实例验证表明，该模型在有限样本情况下，能达到较高的变压器故障判断率，放电性故障样本正确判断率为90．5％，过热性故障样本正确判断率为85．9％，说明该模型具有很好的分类效果和推广能力．     

基于归纳学习的结构损伤识别方法研究

采用归纳学习方法来识别结构损伤．首先，通过对经典的决策树算法和序列覆盖算法进行结合与改进，得到一种高效且代价又小的归纳学习算法(RAC)，同时引入装袋算法产生多个分类法，并用它们进行类预测，而且使用选票策略得出最佳类预测．其次，用正交最小二乘迭代算法作为径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的学习方法，通过“信息一贡献”准则进行正交变换来优选中心．最后，对上述归纳学习方法用于梁结构损伤定位的效果进行了实验评估．结果表明，对于RAC算法和生成分类法的数目分别为10和50情况下的装袋算法，当损伤样本被噪声污染程度在100％时，识别精度均可达到90％以上，而对于RBF神经网络算法，只有当损伤样本被噪声污染程度小于70％时，识别精度才可达到90％以上。     

基于混合颜色模型的茶叶多级分类技术

针对目前茶叶色泽质量判断与分级容易受人为主观因素及心理因素影响的现状,提出采用计算机视觉技术图像中的RGB和HSI混合颜色模型,并以绿色分量、色度和饱和度作为颜色特征向量,通过贝叶斯决策去除劣质茶叶,再通过K均质聚类分为第1等级、第2等级.以某干茶为实验对象,针对茶叶的色泽特征,以绿色分量判别色泽优劣等级,再以色度与饱和度相结合进行分析,构建特征向量函数并进行聚类二次分级.实验结果表明,所提出的方法对该类茶叶色泽质量分类识别的准确率达92. 5%.     

汉英机器翻译中趋向动词处理研究

在大规模语料的基础上，对趋向动词的用法和上下文信息进行了统计和分析，得到了趋向动词在谓词后面作趋向补语的概率、小概率作趋向补语（即趋向动词在谓词后面作补语的概率介于两个阈值之间）时的上下文信息；建立了一个基于趋向动词在谓词后面作趋向补语的概率统计模型来识别趋向动词用法，同时，根据趋向动词与谓词搭配后词义变化情况，对词典进行了补充．封闭测试识别精确率达99．01％，召回率达96．67％；开放测试识别精确率达98．14％，召回率达96．19％．     

支持向量机在电力变压器故障诊断中的应用

利用支持向量机的学习方法，构建了电力变压器故障诊断模型，该模型将变压器故障分为放电性和过热性两大类，通过统计分析寻求特征量区分类间的故障类型，采用支持向量机识别类内的故障类型，利用基于交叉验证的网格搜索法来确定支持向量机的参数．考虑到变压器油中溶解气体特征空间的紧致性原理，利用模糊C均值聚类算法对所获取的样本进行预选取，有效解决了确定模型参数耗时巨大的问题，并在一定程度上提高了模型的推广能力．实例验证表明，该模型在有限样本情况下，能达到较高的变压器故障判断率，放电性故障样本正确判断率为90．5%，过热性故障样本正确判断率为85．9%，说明该模型具有很好的分类效果和推广能力．     

异常检测中单类分类算法和免疫框架设计

基于主机系统执行迹的异常检测系统可以检测类似U2R和R2L这两类攻击。由于攻击数据难以获取，往往只能得到正常的系统调用执行迹数据。该文设计了基于自组织特征映射的单类分类器的异常检测模型，只利用正常数据建立分类器，所有偏离正常模式的活动都被认为是入侵。通过对主机系统执行迹数据集的测试，试验获得了对异常样本接近100％的检测率，而误报警率为4．9％。该文将单类分类器作为抗体检测器，运用人工免疫学原理建立了分布式的异常检测框架，使入侵检测系统具有分布式、自组织和高效的特性，为建立分布式的入侵检测提出一种新的思路。     

语音识别中基于模糊聚类分析的参数聚类

为减少语音识别中声学模型的参数量，提高参数训练的鲁棒性，基于声学决策树结构，提出利用模糊聚类分析方法对模型参数聚类，包括高斯聚类和方差共享．对大词汇量汉语连续语音识别的实验结果表明：高斯模糊聚类使高斯数减少25％时，识别率提高了0．15％．进一步做模糊方差共享，当方差减少到初始模型的24％，与同样参数量的未进行聚类的模型相比，误识率下降了3．01％，证明了模糊聚类分析在语音参数聚类中的有效性．     

Lats基因敲除小鼠胚胎玻璃化冷冻的研究

用冷冻麦管、细胞冷冻管分别采用一步法和二步法对Lats基因敲除小鼠胚胎进行玻璃化冷冻，胚胎解冻后，囊胚发育率分别为90％、90．1％、89．2％和91．4％；移植后着床率分别为：50．0％、47．1％、43．4％和46．5％，差异不显著；并且与对照组相比差异也不显著。因此，玻璃化冷冻可以作为Lats鼠保种方法之一。     

采用聚类特征的基本概率分配生成方法及应用

针对在识别框架不确定时基本概率分配(BBA)生成困难的问题,提出一种基于聚类特征的基本概率分配生成方法,以减弱对样本长度的依赖性,并分析2种情况下的BBA生成。在框架未知时,通过聚类分析获得各个类别的聚类特征,建立样本属性的聚类特征区间模型;在框架已知时,获取聚类特征,建立样本属性的聚类特征区间模型;然后用各个区间模型之间的距离表示样本属性之间的差异,在此基础上建立了一种相似度的度量方法;最后对相似度进行归一化得到BBA。采用Iris数据集和Wine数据集的实验结果表明:所提方法对样本长度敏感程度低,对Wine数据集的一个类的分类结果达到100%。将该方法应用于某煤化工企业压缩机组子系统状态监测信息数据集,实现了监测信息状态的识别。     

矿物元素结合簇类独立软模式法对冬枣产地判别模型的优化

为了提高冬枣产地鉴别方法的准确性,测定了69个冬枣样本中10种元素的含量,并对数据进行了差异性分析、主成分分析和簇类独立软模式分析(SIMCA).结果表明,冬枣中Mg、B、Mn、Fe、Zn等元素在不同产地间存在显著差异,利用主成分分析可以看出不同产地样本有较好的聚类趋势.在前4个主成分中,Fe、B、Mn、Zn和K元素的载荷值较高,是重要的产地识别元素.利用SIMCA建立的产地判别模型,置信水平为5%时对验证集样本判别结果最好,识别率为100%,拒绝率为78.95%.研究结果证实了农产品中多元素分析结合SICMA法可以有效用于原产地的鉴别.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme