马齿苋组织培养及植株再生系统的建立

初步建立了马齿苋组织培养及植株再生系统.利用马齿苋的种子进行萌发,分别取子叶、胚轴进行愈伤组织诱导,其最适培养基为MS附加BA0.5～2.0mg/L、2,4 D0.5mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率可达100%.将产生的愈伤组织块转入分化培养基中,诱导不定芽,其最适分化培养基为MS附加BA4mg/L、NAA0.4mg/L,分化率达到95%以上.试管苗在MS附加IBA3mg/L的培养基上,经过15～20d培养,90%生根成苗.     

千屈菜的组织培养及再生体系建立的研究

以千屈菜的嫩茎为材料,进行了愈伤组织的诱导和分化、不定芽分化、试管苗生根、移栽、扦插和移植的研究,成功建立起千屈菜的无性系.结果证明:MS+BA0.2mg/L+2,4-D0.8mg/L和1/2MS+BA0.2mg/L+2,4-D0.8mg/L是诱导培养嫩茎愈伤组织的理想培养基;MS+AgNO31.0mg/L+BA0.6mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L是嫩茎愈伤组织分化培养的理想培养基;MS+BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L是不定芽分化继代培养的理想培养基;1/2MS+IAA0.2mg/L是试管苗生根培养和生根继代培养的理想培养基;炉灰渣是试管苗移栽和扦插的理想基质;移植到花坛上的试管苗生长旺盛,根系增加1倍左右.     

紫草的组织培养及快速繁殖研究

以紫草的嫩茎为材料,进行了愈伤组织的诱导、愈伤组织的分化、不定芽的生根和生根继代、试管苗的移栽和移植的研究,建立起紫草嫩茎的无性系,达到了快速繁殖的目的．结果表明：MS＋BA0.5mg／L＋NAA1.8mg／L是诱导嫩茎形成具有分化能力愈伤组织的理想培养基;MS＋AgNO31.5mg／L＋BA0.3mg／L＋NAA0.1mg／L是愈伤组织和不定芽分化的理想培养基;1／3MS＋IAA0.4mg／L是试管苗生根培养的理想培养基;移植后试管苗保持了野生植株的各种生物性状,后期出现了生长旺盛、根系发达的特点．     

藏橐吾的组织培养

为有效利用藏橐吾Ligularia rumicifolia(Drumm.)S.W.Liu资源,以其子叶为外植体进行离体培养研究.结果发现,诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养基为MS+TDZ 1.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L,诱导愈伤组织产生不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,诱导率为69.56%.诱导子叶产生不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.8 mg/L,诱导率为72.33%.不定芽在1/2 MS+IAA 0.5 mg/L的培养基中生根率为70.00%.     

钻天柳无芽嫩茎离体快速繁殖的研究

为保护钻天柳这一濒危物种,以无芽嫩茎为材料,进行了愈伤组织诱导和分化,不定芽生根,试管苗的继代培养、移栽、扦插和移植的研究,建立起钻天柳离体繁殖技术.结果证明:MS+BA0.5 mg/L(以下单位相同者略)+2,4-D0.5+NAA1.0+蔗糖30 g/L为无芽嫩茎愈伤组织的诱导的适宜培养基;MS+BA1.0+NAA0.8+蔗糖30 g/L为颗粒状愈伤组织继代培养的适宜培养基;MS+AgNO31.0+BA 0.6+NAA 0.1+蔗糖30 g/L是愈伤组织分化培养和不定芽继代分化培养的适宜培养基;1/2MS+IAA 0.5+NAA 0.1+蔗糖20 g/L是生根及生根继代培养的理想培养基;移植到河岸上的试管苗生长旺盛,生物性状保持不变.     

香水草组织培养植株再生系统建立

香水草(Heliotropium arborescens)无菌实生苗下胚轴和子叶接种于含1.0mg/L 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)或2.0mg/L 6-苄氨酸嘌呤(BA)的MS培养基上能脱分化形成白色松散状或绿色致密状愈伤组织,但愈伤组织诱导率较低,分别为8.3%和26.5%.愈伤组织培养于含2.0mg/L NAA和0.5mg/L BA的MS培养上建立了具再生能力的愈伤组织继代培养方法.愈伤组织转移至含2.0mg/L BA和含0.1mg/L NAA的MS培养基上建立了不定芽分化再生方法.不定芽分化率最高91.3%.不定芽长大后,转移至含1.0mg/L IBA的减半MS培养基中不定芽生根率可达87.6%.     

红阳猕猴桃叶片再生体系的建立

文章以红阳猕猴桃组培苗的叶片为外植体,研究了不同植物生长调节剂对愈伤组织的诱导、不定芽的分化及生根的影响。结果表明,MS+0.5mg/L ZT(玉米素)+0.5mg/L 2,4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)诱导产生淡黄色疏松的愈伤组织,MS+3.0mg/L 6-BA(6-苄基腺嘌呤)+1.0mg/L NAA(萘乙酸)诱导产生绿色致密的愈伤组织,愈伤组织诱导率均为100%。在MS+5.0mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L NAA培养基上愈伤组织的不定芽分化率达到100%。在1/2 MS+1.2mg/L IBA(吲哚丁酸)培养基上不定芽生根率为83.3%。     

白花碎米荠组织培养及快速繁殖的研究

以白花碎米荠的嫩茎为材料,采用组织培养的方法,进行了愈伤组织诱导与分化,不定芽生根,试管苗的生根继代增殖培养与试管苗的移栽和定植的研究.结果证明:MS+6-BA 1.2 mg/L+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L是嫩茎愈伤组织诱导培养的理想培养基;1/2MS+AgNO 31.0 mg/L与1/2MS+AgNO31.0 mg/L+IAA 0.1 mg/L是愈伤组织分化培养的理想培养基;把不定芽的下部切口浸到浓度为5 mg/L的NAA溶液中处理约5 min,再将其接种到1/3MS+IAA 0.5 mg/L～0.7 mg/L两种培养基上进行生根培养的方法是不定芽生根培养的理想方法;1/3MS+IAA 0.6 mg/L是试管苗生根继代增殖培养的理想培养基.试管苗移栽成活率为90.1%,定植成活率为96%.定植的试管苗保持了野生白花碎米荠的所有生物学性状.     

食荚型豌豆组织培养和植株再生研究

以豌豆子叶、茎、真叶为材料进行外植体筛选及组织培养研究,试验结果表明:豌豆带节茎段是最佳试验材料;在MS附加1 mg/L BA和1 mg/L NAA培养基中,愈伤组织诱导率达100%,愈伤组织在分化培养基中未分化出芽;带节茎段在MS附加2～3 mg/L BA和0.1 mg/L NAA培养基中,腋芽和丛生芽产生率达100%,芽增殖系数3以上;不定芽在MS附加3 mg/L NAA上生根率86%;试管苗移栽成活率85%左右.     

美国月桂樱的组织培养及植株再生

以春季萌发的美国月桂樱嫩枝为外植体诱导丛生芽,在MS 0.5 mg/L BA 0.01 mg/L NAA的培养基上.其丛生芽诱导率达100%,在继代培养基中选择MS 1.0 mg/L BA 0.1 mg/L NAA培养基.不定芽增殖较快,后将增殖苗接入MS 1.0mg/L KT 0.1 mg/L NAA培养基上壮苗,其生长状态最好.结果发现,赤霉素对芽的伸长没有效果.当芽伸长至3～4 cm时,切下置于1/2MS 1.0 mg/L NAA的生根培养基中,生根率达100%,移栽成活率达40%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the