氟哌酸伏安行为的研究

在０．０５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，富集电位－１．１０Ｖ（Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ）、富集时间１２０ｓ、扫速１２０ｍＶ·ｓ－１时，氟哌酸出现一吸附伏安还原峰，峰电位为－１．４８Ｖ．用线性扫描与循环伏安法、交流极谱和恒电位库仑法等手段研究体系的伏安行为及电极反应机理．测得扩散系数Ｄ＝９．３８×１０－７ｃｍ２·ｓ－１，电极反应电子数ｎ＝２，电子转移因数α＝０．５１，参与电极反应Ｈ＋数ｘ＇＝１．体系吸附符合Ｆｒｕｍｋｉｎ吸附等温式，吸附因数β＝３．２×１０５，吸引因数α＝１．２，吸附自由能ΔＧ°＝－３１．４ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ－１，实验表明，体系属不可逆吸附波．     

在span20存在下孔雀石绿与金的显色反应研究

研究了在ｓｐａｎ２０存在下孔雀石绿－金的显色反应。结果表明，金－孔雀石绿－ｓｐａｎ２０的三元络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数比孔雀石绿－金的大７～８倍，可达５．０×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。金含量在（０～１２）μｇ／１０ｍｌ范围内符合比尔定律。     

葡萄糖氧化酶发酵动力学的研究

利用恒化器研究了葡萄糖氧化酶（ＧＯＤ）发酵动力学，建立了较为合理的恒化培养系统。对采集的数据用计算机进行回归，求得最大比生长速率μｍａｘ＝０．２２５ｈ－１、饱和常数Ｋｓ＝８．９１ｇ／Ｌ、基质得率系数ＹＧｍａｘ＝０．４９ｇ／ｇ以及维持系数ｍ＝０．０２ｇ／ｇ·ｈ。并研究了ｐＨ、ＤＯ、ＮＨ２－Ｎ、葡萄糖酸、细胞产率，酶比活及体积产酶速率等参数随比生长速率变化的规律。在Ｄ＝０．１３１ｈ－１下体积产酶速率（ＤＥ）达最大值，为３．４６×１６．６７μｍｏｌ／ｓ·Ｌ·ｈ，是分批发酵最大体积产酶速率（１．５３×１６．６７μｍｏｌ／ｓ·Ｌ·ｈ）的２．２６倍。     

反向凝固复合不锈钢带及其轧制的实验研究

介绍了用反向凝固的方法生产薄带的工艺过程及目前的实验研究方法,借助金相显微镜分析了轧制温度、轧制速度及变形率对母带与凝固层结合质量的影响,为以后的工业化生产提供依据·并运用拉剪方法测定了界面结合强度·结果表明:热轧温度为１２５０℃,变形率为４０％,轧制速度为０－２～０－４ｍ／ｓ时,界面结合较好,结合强度达２４８ＭＰａ·进一步的热轧、冷轧证明用反向凝固的方法生产薄带是可行的·     

四氢呋喃在苯中聚合向醋酸酐链转移的研究

本文研究了以苯为溶剂，在醋酸酐存在下，采用乙酰基四氟硼酸盐ＣＨ３ＣＯＢＦ４为催化剂进行四氢呋喃（ＴＨＦ）聚合及链转移的反应，经测定，在１５℃和２１℃下的表观聚合速度常数Ｋｐ分别为７．０３×１０＾－３和１０．１８×１０＾－３Ｌ／ｍｏｌ．ｓ表现链转移速度常数的Ｋｔｒ分别为７．３９×１０＾－４和１２．０１×１０＾－４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ．ｓ     

稀土离子（Ⅲ）与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用Ⅰ．结合反应热力学

在ｐＨ６．３０、３７℃条件下，采用离心超过滤技术测定了１１种稀土离子（Ⅲ）与牛血清白蛋白（Ｂ８Ａ）的专一性结合常数Ｋ＿ｓ和非专一性结合常数Ｋ＿（ｎｓ）观察到Ｋ＿ｓ随稀土系列原子序数（Ｚ＿（ＲＥ））的变化有明显的＂四分组效应＂和＂钆断现象＂，而Ｋ＿（ｎｓ）～Ｚ＿（ＲＥ）类似于一元羧酸－稀土配合物稳定常数的变化规律。求出Ｔｂ（Ⅲ）－ＢＳＡ结合反应的热力学函数分别为ΔＨ＿ｓ＝４４．５±０．８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，ΔＳ＿ｓ＝２４３．２±２．４Ｊｍｏｌ·Ｋ，ΔＨ＿（ｎｓ）＝１９．９±１．１ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，ΔＳ＿（ｎｓ）＝１４１．４±３．２Ｊ／ｍｏｌ·Ｋ。根据不同ｐＨ下测得的Ｔｂ（Ⅲ）与ＢｓＡ结合的Ｋ＿ｓ和Ｋ＿（ｎｓ）拟合出ＢＳＡ分子中参与稀土配位的基团的质子解离常数ｐＫ＝４．６０，进而确定出这些基团主要为天冬氨酸和谷氨酸残基侧链中的β、γ－ＣＯＯ￣－。     

预蠕变损伤对高温疲劳宏观裂纹扩展的影响

针对ＳＵＳ３０４不锈钢光滑试棒预先导入１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ条件下的预蠕变疲劳损伤，然后开小切口进行时间依存性 ９２３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ，１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ及循环数依存性９２３ Ｋ·ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ的宏观裂纹扩展试验，考察了试棒内部因预蠕变疲劳而产生的大量的粒界微小裂纹对高温疲劳宏观裂纹扩展的影响．结果如下： １．预损伤加速了９２３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的蠕变裂纹扩展，对于同一蠕变Ｊ积分范围△Ｊｃ，损伤值越大，裂纹扩展速度ｄｌ／ｄＮ也越大．这种加速起因于主裂纹与微小裂纹的合体． ２．１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的预损伤材料和处女材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ在同一△Ｊｃ。下相等．即，损伤材料的裂纹扩展速度的上限值由１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的处女材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ－△Ｊｃ关系给出． ３．在９２３ Ｋ·ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ条件下，对于同一疲劳Ｊ积分范围△Ｊｆ，预损伤材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ要比处女材料快１０倍左右．一般ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ的破坏形式为粒内破坏．预损伤材料的场合，因为试棒内部分布有大量的微小粒界裂纹，主裂纹便沿这些破坏阻抗最小的微小裂纹边合体边扩展，主要在粒界上扩展．即微小粒界裂纹是裂纹扩展阻抗减小的主因．     

亚快速凝固结晶取向对结晶形态选择的影响

采用区域熔化定向凝固装置，对冷却速度在１３～１３０Ｋ／ｓ范围内Ｎｉ－５％Ｃｕ合金的结晶形貌研究表明：在温度梯度１３００Ｋ／ｃｍ条件下，晶体生长速度ｖ＝５００μｍ／ｓ时，不同结晶取向晶粒的结晶形貌不同；当晶体生长速度ｖ＝８００μｍ／ｓ时，不同结晶取向晶粒的细胞晶间距不同，亚快速凝固条件下，晶体生长方向对结晶形貌的影响非常显著．     

NiAl 金属间化合物快速凝固冷却速率的估算

以热流分析为基础，估算了Ｎｉ原子分数分别为５３％和７２％的ＮｉＡｌ金属间化合物快速凝固过程中的冷却速率，研究了合金比热、熔化潜热及结晶温度间隔等对冷却速率的影响．结果发现，ＮｉＡｌ金属间化合物快速凝固过程中的冷却速率在２．５６×１０４～８．０２×１０５Ｋ／ｓ之间．快速凝固开始后的冷却速率将有所下降，下降幅度和熔化潜热及结晶温度间隔的大小有关     

亚快速凝固结晶取向对强晶形态选择的影响

采用区域熔化定向凝固装置，对冷却速度在１３－１３０Ｋ／ｓ范围内Ｎｉ－５％Ｃｕ合金的结晶形貌研究表明：在温度梯度１３００Ｋ／ｃｍ条件下，晶体生长速度ｖ＝５００μｍ／ｓ时，不同结晶取向晶粒的结晶形貌不同；当晶体生长速度ｖ＝８００μｍ／ｓ时，不同结晶取向晶粒的细胞晶间距不同，亚快速凝固条件下，晶体生长方向对结晶形貌的影响非常显著。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the