Cu-Zr-Al大块非晶合金的制备及性能研究

采用铜模铸造的方法制备了Cu48Zr52-xAlx(x=6,7,8,9,10,at%)几种合金,X射线衍射(XRD)实验检验Cu48Zr44Al8,Cu48Zr43Al两种合金样品为完全非晶态.对样品进行差示扫描量热分析(DSC)考查三种大块非晶合金的非晶形成能力,以及Al的添加对非晶形成能力的影响.结果表明:当铝含量X=9时,合金的非晶形成能力及热稳定性最好.     

Al对Cu基块体非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响

采用铜模吸铸法制备直径为5mm的Cu45Zr45.5-yTi9.5Aly(y=2,4,6,8)块体非晶合金试样,研究添加Al对合金非晶形成能力的影响.经X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)做结构及热稳定性分析,结果表明,当x(Al)=6%时合金系的非晶形成能力最强,过冷液相区最宽,Δtx...     

Y对Fe50- x Mo14Cr15C15B6Y x非晶合金 非晶形成能力及耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用单辊法制备Fe50-xMo14Cr15C15B6Yx(x=0,2)非晶合金条带,利用X射线衍射、差热分析、透射电镜和电化学极化曲线方法对非晶合金的结构、非晶形成能力(GFA)、热稳定性、晶化过程及腐蚀行为等进行了研究和表征.结果表明:Fe50-xMo14Cr15C15B6Yx合金能够形成非晶合金,随着Y元素的添加,其非晶相含量、非晶形成能力及热稳定性显著提高.晶化处理后,析出的主要晶体相为α-Fe,Fe23B6,Cr23C6和Fe3Mo3C等.Fe50-xMo14Cr15C15B6Yx非晶合金在质量分数为3.5%NaCl水溶液中呈现出极强的耐腐蚀能力,远优于常用耐蚀不锈钢Cr18Ni9Ti,并且随着Y元素的加入,非晶合金的耐腐蚀能力进一步提高,具有更宽的钝化区间及更低的腐蚀电流密度.     

Fe74B20Ti6和Fe70B20Y4Ti6非晶合金的热性能及非晶形成能力

采用单辊快淬法制备出Fe74B20Ti6和Fe70B20Y4Ti6合金条带,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DTA)来研究Fe74B20Ti6和Fe70B20Y4Ti6合金的微观结构和热性能.实验结果表明,快淬速率为30 m/s时,Fe70B20Y4Ti6合金已完全形成非晶,而Fe74B20Ti6合金大部分形成非晶,有少量晶化相;其中Fe70B20Y4Ti6合金的过冷液相区宽度ΔTx高达66 K,说明Y元素的添加可以使合金具有较大的热稳定性,较强的玻璃形成能力.     

FeCoZrB合金的非晶形成能力及磁性能研究

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe81-xCoxZr9B10(x=0,2,4,6)系非晶合金,对该系非晶合金的非晶形成能力及磁性能进行研究.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试合金的结构及磁性能.研究结果表明:Fe81-xCoxZr9B10(x=0,2,4,6)合金在快淬速率为30 m/s时完全形成非晶.随Co含量的增加比饱和磁化强度(Ms)先增加后减少.     

Ni-Fe-Zr-Si-B非晶合金的形成和热稳定性研究

通过旋铸急冷工艺在真空中制备出了(Ni0.75Fe0.25)78-xZrxSi10B12(x=1、3、5、8、10)合金带材,获得了镍基非晶合金.采用XRD、DTA等测试手段分析了该工艺制备的合金非晶条带,研究了Zr对该合金体系的非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响.X射线衍射分析表明,该合金体系皆为完全非晶.Diamond TG/DAT差热分析仪对非晶薄带的热稳定性及其相关参数Tg、Tx、Tm等的测量分析表明,该合金系中(Ni0.75Fe0.25)70Zr8Si10B12的过冷液相区温度范围ΔTx达58.62 K,约化玻璃转变温度trg约为0.666,表明该合金具有较高的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.当Zr原子分数较小(x≤8)时,Zr的添加提高Tg、Tx,并扩大过冷液相区ΔTx,使合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性增加;Zr原子分数较大(x>8)时,Zr的添加诱导富Zr-Ni和Zr-Fe的原子团的形成,这些原子团会成为均质形核的核心,降低合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性.     

铜模吸铸法制备Fe_(63-x)Nd_(37)Al_x(x=5,8,10,12)合金的磁性能

利用铜模吸铸法制备了Fe63-xNd37Alx(x=5,8,10,12)合金,采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了其磁性能.结果表明:Fe63-xNd37Alx(x=5,8,10,12)合金均表现为软磁性.铸态Fe53Nd37Al10合金由非晶相Nd59Fe28Al13和晶态相Fe75Nd18Al7组成,其中的非晶相Nd59Fe28Al13在合金中表现为软磁性,但相同成分的利用铜模吸铸法制备的大块非晶合金却表现为硬磁性,这是由于Fe53Nd37Al10合金中的非晶相投有短程有序的团簇存在的缘故.     

铝元素的添加对铜（锆）基非晶形成能力的影响

采用铜模铸造的方法制备Cu50Zr40Ti10、Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5(Cu50Zr40Ti10)100-xAlx(x=2、4、6、8、10)几种合金,X射线衍射(XRD)实验检验Cu50Zr40Ti10、Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5和Cu49Zr39.2Ti9.8Al2三种合金样品为完全非晶态 .对样品进行差示扫描量热分析(DSC)考查三种大块非晶合金的非晶形成能力,以及Al的添加对非晶形成能力的影响.结果表明:Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5大块非晶合金的非晶形成能力要高于Cu50Zr40Ti10和Cu49Zr39.2Ti9.8Al2两种大块非晶合金的非晶形成能力,在Cu50Zr40Ti10大块非晶合金中添加了原子分数为2%的Al后提高了非晶形成能力.     

ZrCuAlMo大块非晶的制备及热稳定性研究

通过铜模吸铸法制备（Zr47Cu44Al9）100-xMox（x=0,1,2,3）大块非晶合金.利用X射线衍射、差热分析等,研究分析添加Mo对Zr47Cu44Al9合金非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响.结果表明,Mo的添加量为2%时,合金具有最大的非晶形成能力,纯非晶试样的临界尺寸从4mm增大到6mm以上,8mm的样品只有微弱的衍射峰.Mo提高非晶形成能力的原因主要是抑制引起异质形核的CuZr相的析出与长大.利用Kissinger方法计算得到的其玻璃转变激活能Eg为278.57kJmol-1、晶化激活能Ex为392.46kJmol-1、晶化峰值的激活能Ep为376.97kJmol-1.与原合金相比,晶化激活能与晶化峰值激活能的数据都增大,说明Mo的添加不仅提高了原合金的非晶形成能力,同时也增强了合金的热稳定性.     

Zr含量对Zr_(71-x)Ni_xNb_3Cu_(16)Al_(10)非晶合金形成能力和性能的影响

研究了 Zr含量对Zr_(71-x)Ni_xNb_3Cu_(16)Al_(10)非晶合金的形成能力、晶化行为和力学性能的影响。采用快速凝固装置制备非晶合金,利用XRD和DSC对其非晶形成能力和晶化行为进行分析通过压缩试验和SEM对其力学性能及断裂方式进行表征。结果表明:Zr原子百分比为62%时非晶形成临界直径最大,为9 mm;Zr含量不同改变了非晶合金的结晶过程,Zr原子百分比为62%和66%的非晶合金晶化初始相都是二十面体准晶体相,而Zr的含量为58%时则为FCC-Zr_2Ni和Tetra-Zr_2Ni相;Zr含量增加后非晶合金的压缩强度降低,塑性变形能力显著提高其中Zr原子百分比为62%时,非晶合金的塑性变形量高达27%。     

Co_(48)Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Re_2(Re=Y,Gd)非晶合金的玻璃形成能力及性能分析

采用铜模吹铸法成功制备出不同直径的Co50-xCr15Mo14C15B6Rex(Re=Y,Gd;x=0,2)合金圆棒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)法和差示扫描量热(DSC)法分别对样品进行结构分析和热分析;利用室温压缩实验测试其应力-应变曲线;利用磁强计(VSM)得到样品的磁滞回线.分析表明:添加微量的Y或Gd可以改善Co50Cr15Mo15C15B6合金的非晶形成能力;2 mm的Co48Cr15Mo14C15B6Re2(Re=Y,Gd)非晶圆棒只表现出弹性变形行为,不存在塑性变形阶段;2 mm的Co48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2和Co48Cr15Mo14C15B6Gd2非晶圆棒的矫顽力几乎相等,而饱和磁感应强度相差比较大.     

Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-(Sc)合金的显微组织与腐蚀性能

采用铸锭冶金工艺,制备不同钪含量的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金.通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、晶间腐蚀及剥落腐蚀等实验方法,研究钪对Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.6Ag合金的组织和腐蚀性能影响.结果表明:添加0.3%～0.5% Sc可明显细化铸态合金的晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸从300 μm降低到60 μm,而添加0.1%～0.3% Sc有助于提高挤压态合金抗腐蚀性能.但当添加0.5% Sc时,合金中形成粗大的Al3(Sc, Zr)稀土化合物相,导致合金的抗蚀性能降低.     

Dy对Nd_(60)Fe_(30)Al_(10)磁性能的影响

通过X射线衍射仪、差热扫描量热仪和振动样品磁强计研究Dy对Nd-Fe-Al非晶合金的热稳定性及磁性能的影响.结果表明,加入Dy可提高非晶合金的热稳定性,(Nd1-xDyx)60Fe30Al10(x=0,0.1,0.2)非晶合金的剩磁随Dy质量分数的增加呈单调下降趋势,矫顽力随Dy质量分数的增加而增加.Nd-Fe-Al非晶合金的矫顽力来源于稀土元素较大的磁晶各向异性场.     

Low-cost (ZrCu)50-xTax high temperature shape memory alloys showing excellent shape memory effect

ZrCu-based alloys, as one of the most potential high-temperature shape memory alloys, show quite high martensitic transformation temperature, relatively low price for the raw materials, and good casting fluidity. In this work, the martensitic transformation (MT) and shape memory effect of (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x high-temperature shape memory alloys were systematically investigated. Both X ray diffraction and SEM backscattered electron image demonstrated the coexistence of the main phase monoclinic martensite phase and the second phase Ta₂Cu. SEM results also revealed that increasing Ta content resulted in a larger volume fraction of Ta₂Cu phase. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the MT temperatures remarkably increased with Ta addition. The ductility of the (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x alloys was reduced to some degree with increasing Ta content. The shape memory effect was improved significantly, in which (ZrCu)₉₈Ta₂ alloy showed the 6.19% maximum recovery strain during 8% pre-strain under compression at 25 ?°C.     

Microwave sintering effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-51at%Ni shape memory alloys

Ti-51at%Ni shape memory alloys (SMAs) were successfully produced via a powder metallurgy and microwave sintering technique. The influence of sintering parameters on porosity reduction, microstructure, phase transformation temperatures, and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), compression tests, and microhardness tests. Varying the microwave temperature and holding time was found to strongly affect the density of porosity, presence of precipitates, transformation temperatures, and mechanical properties. The lowest density and smallest pore size were observed in the Ti-51at%Ni samples sintered at 900℃ for 5 min or at 900℃ for 30 min. The predominant martensite phases of β2 and β19' were observed in the microstructure of Ti-51at%Ni, and their existence varied in accordance with the sintering temperature and the holding time. In the DSC thermograms, multi-transformation peaks were observed during heating, whereas a single peak was observed during cooling; these peaks correspond to the presence of the β2, R, and β19' phases. The maximum strength and strain among the Ti-51at%Ni SMAs were 1376 MPa and 29%, respectively, for the sample sintered at 900℃ for 30 min because of this sample's minimal porosity.     

Ml0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5-x Alx合金储氢性能及电化学性能研究

在Ar气保护下,采用悬浮熔炼方法制备Ml0.75 Mg0.25 Ni3.5 -xAlx(x=0.05 ～0.25)合金,系统研究Al部分取代Ni对合金的相结构、吸放氢性能和电化学性能的影响.结果表明,合金的相结构主要由具有六方CaCu5结构的(La,Pr) Ni5相、(La,Pr) Mg2Ni9相和(La,Nd)2 N...     

Fe－（Cu－Nb）－Si－B纳米晶合金的磁致伸缩

采用适当的热处理工艺将不同成分的Ｆｅ－（Ｃｕ－Ｎｂ）－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶态合金制备成纳米晶合金，测试了纳米晶合金的磁致伸缩，并与相应成分的非晶合金做了比较．实验结果表明，纳米晶合金的饱和磁致伸缩均小于非晶合金，较小的磁波伸缩并不是产生优异软磁性能的主要原因．     

Mg+10%TiFe1-xCrx(x=0,0.3)复相合金的储氢特性

采用高能机械球磨法制备了Mg 10%TiFe1-xCrx(x=0,0.3)复相储氢合金,对比研究了球磨复相合金和球磨纯镁的微结构与储氢性能.研究结果表明:在纯Mg中添加质量分数为10%的TiFe1-xCrx(x=0,0.3)进行复合球磨,可以明显提高其吸放氢性能;在相同温度条件下,x=0.3的含铬复相合金具有最佳的吸放氢性能,其中在613 K下的吸氢容量(氢的质量分数)为7.14%,放氢容量(氢的质量分数)为6.91%;在493～573 K的较低温度下,含铬复相合金表现出更好的放氢动力学性能.通过XRD、SEM、EDS分析研究表明,TiFe1-xCrx(x=0,0.3)合金粉以细小颗粒的形式分散镶嵌在镁粉基体上成为催化活性点,改善了体系的吸放氢性能.     

In-situ study on γ phase transformation behaviour of γ-TiAl alloys at different cooling rates

γ-TiAl-based alloys are promising lightweight high-temperature structural materials, and the transformation from the α parent phase to γ lamellae during the cooling process has a great influence on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TiAl alloys. In this paper, an in-situ observation technique, high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscopy (HTLSCM), was utilized to investigate the continuous cooling transition (CCT) from the α phase in three compositions. The nucleation and growth behaviors of γ lamellae were studied at several moderate cooling rates. In addition, the processes of helium gas quenching for three alloys were investigated, and the massive transformation was observed in Ti–49Al. CCT diagraphs were concluded for three alloys. The Vickers hardness of TiAl alloys subjected to different cooling rates was tested, and it was found that the hardness of alloys was enhanced with increasing cooling rate due to the refinement of lamellar spacing.     

Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X线衍射仪等分析研究Y对Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr铸造镁合金组织和性能的影响,并测试其室温力学性能.研究结果表明:Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr-xY(x=0,0.6％,1.2％,1.8％,质量分数)合金铸态组织主要由α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相组成,Y元素主要固溶在α-Mg和Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相中;合金经530℃/14h固溶处理后组织由α-Mg、残余的少量Mg12(NdaZn1-a)相以及方块状Mg24RE5相组成;固溶态合金经200℃/12h时效处理后有大量尺寸为10nm左右的β'和β”析出相生成,能有效地强化基体;随Y质量分数增加,合金室温抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐上升,最高分别达到271 MPa和161 MPa,较基础Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr合金有较大幅度提高.