GM-LSSVM模型在建筑能耗预测中的应用

为提高大型公共建筑能耗的预测精度,提出一种基于灰色模型和最小二乘向量机方法(GM-LSSVM)的办公能耗预测模型.该方法结合灰色建模计算简单的特点,以及最小二乘支持向量机非线性拟合能力和泛化能力强的优势,充分发掘样本数据的规律,并以粒子群优化算法进行模型参数选择.根据福州某大型公共建筑能耗数据,通过本研究提出的方法建立预测模型,并与神经网络模型以及最小二乘支持向量机模型的预测结果进行比较,验证了该方法具备较高的预测精度和较强的泛化能力.     

基于信号到达时间的UWB定位算法

首先分析讨论了两种基于信号到达时间的超宽带定位方法--最小二乘法和DFP算法,最小二乘定位方法计算简单,但在存在测距误差的情况下定位精度较低;DFP算法的定位结果通常与初值有关,还易陷入局部最优点.因此,作者提出了基于遗传算法的UWB(超宽带)定位方法,通过与前两种算法进行仿真分析和比较,表明该方法能有效提高定位精度.     

基于移动最小二乘法的轨迹拟合切线方位角计算

基于移动最小二乘法,提出了轨迹切线方位角算法.利用实测数据验证了算法的可行性,并对算法关键参数(紧支系数与权函数)的设置进行了讨论.结果表明:该方法简单易行,适用于形状弯曲较小的轨迹;移动最小二乘法中的紧支系数应满足计算的需求,但不宜过大;权函数能提高拟合精度,但对轨迹切线方位角的精度几乎没有影响.     

基于阻尼Gauss-Newton法的光学断层图像重建

针对生物医学中近红外光进行成像问题,简要描述了基于有限元法（FEM）的光学图像重建的过程,提出了光学重建逆问题的阻尼Gauss-Newton算法.该方法定义一个测量与预测数据间误差的目标函数,利用最小二乘问题的结构特点由目标函数一阶导数直接获得Hessian阵以确定下降方向,并在迭代求解中引入线性搜索以确定搜索步长,从而达到快速收敛.数值模拟结果证明该方法在实际应用中的优越性和可行性.     

基于截断完全最小二乘法的生物发光断层成像

提出了一种基于截断完全最小二乘法(TTLS)的生物发光断层成像(BLT)重建算法,并在扩展广义交叉验证(GCV)的基础上,设计了一种用于确定最佳截断水平的混合广义交叉验证方案(HGCV).与现有的只考虑测量噪声的重建算法不同,这种TTLS结合HGCV的重建算法可将模型离散、解剖结构获取以及光学参数测定中的误差与表面测量误差同时处理,仿真及物理仿体实验验证了该算法的有效性和鲁棒性.     

数字全息显微中的相位像差自动补偿算法

结合图像分割技术提出了一种用于数字全息显微成像的相位像差自动补偿算法.首先，采用最小二乘拟合算法对包含被测物体的解包裹相位图进行粗略的补偿，在此基础上，利用图像分割算法对其背景区域进行分割，获得不含被测物体的解包裹相位图.最后，对其进行最小二乘拟合从而实现相位像差的精确补偿.传统的数字全息显微技术需要通过手工检测背景区域来解决相位像差补偿的问题.然而，本文方法既不需要人工干预，也不需要光学设置的先验知识，即可实现相位像差的自动补偿.通过搭建的数字全息显微实验平台验证了所提算法的可行性和准确性.     

基于全局最小二乘拟合的直线抽取算法

提出了基于全局最小二乘拟合的应用于二维图像的直线抽取算法.类似于一维数据曲线拟合的方法,通过引入叉分的手段,克服了二维图像数据非单值函数的困难(图像的y坐标作为x坐标的函数),实现了用最小二乘算法来全局地描述、提取二维图像中的直线.并提供了数值实验验证.     

I/Q不平衡OFDM系统基于噪声方差门限的信道估计

为了提高稀疏信道环境下同相/正交(I/Q)不平衡正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的性能,该文提出了一种低复杂度的门限时域最小二乘信道估计算法。该算法通过估计噪声方差确定合适的门限过滤信道响应采样点内的噪声以提高估计精度。仿真结果表明,该文算法估计精度与现有频域和时域最小二乘信道估计方法相比分别提升了6 d B、2 d B,逼近基于压缩感知的时域迭代收缩算法,且计算复杂度低于后者。     

带有模型不确定性的连续时间广义预测控制

针对模型不确定系统的连续时间广义预测控制,引入无穷时域的性能指标使闭环系统达到稳定.用递推最小二乘法估计系统的未知参数,在每个采样点基于估计的状态模型来计算控制输入.通过施加新的终端等式约束,将无穷时域性能指标的优化问题转化成可解的二次规划问题.利用后退时域性能指标的单调性证明,给出使连续时间广义预测控制达到闭环稳定的条件.仿真算例验证了算法的有效性.     

基于惯性导航与UWB的联合定位算法

为提高无GPS情况下的3维定位精度,提出基于惯性导航与UWB(超宽带技术)的联合定位算法.该算法将线性最小二乘法的航迹计算与定位点拟合进行融合,使用加权平均对信赖度因子进行权衡.为验证算法的有效性,设计了1套UWB与9轴惯性导航模块结合的软硬件平台.仿真和实际测试结果表明:该算法可将3维定位误差控制在20cm以内.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。