利用同序负序分量的同杆双回线快速保护

提出了同杆双回输电线路的一个保护原理．该原理将同杆双回输电线路看作一个被保护单元,并利用六序分量法分解出的同序负序电压和同序负序电流构成方向元件．在系统发生不对称故障时,此方向元件具有明确的方向性,若配合选相元件和通信通道则保护原理可作为同杆双回线路的主保护．该原理简单、易行,具有基于故障分量的方向纵联保护原理所固有的优点,消除了原有基于每一回线的方向元件在双回线非同名相跨线故障时,受双回线线间互感影响需将保护闭锁的缺点．针对特高压输电线路,采用贝瑞隆模型补偿算法代替传统的补偿算法．通过理论分析和仿真．验证了该原理的正确性．     

六相输电线路的故障选相

六相输电线路能更好地利用线路所占用的走廊空间,为此,分析了六相输电线路在各种故障情况下故障电流序分量的幅值和相位特点,然后结合故障电流序分量的幅值与相位之间的关系,提出了一种适用于六相输电线路的故障选相元件.理论分析和EMTDC仿真测试都表明,该选相方法不受过渡电阻和线路参数不平衡性的影响,在各种运行条件和故障情况下都能够准确选相.     

基于故障边界条件的高压输电线路故障选相元件

提出了一种适用于电力系统振荡的高压输电线路故障选相新方法．该方法利用零序和负序电流之间的相位关系将接地故障分成3个区域，每个区域存在单相接地和另外两相短路接地两种故障类型，分别计算这两种类型故障点的三序电压，判别其是否满足各自故障的电压边界条件，以此确定实际故障相别．新选相元件解决了电力系统振荡时可能发生的误选相问题，具有较强的耐过渡电阻能力，并且完全不受分支系数和系统运行方式的影响．数字计算机离线仿真和实时数字仿真系统实验都证实了新选相原理的准确性和有效性．     

基于跨线故障判别的平行双回线路选相方案

针对相电流差选相元件在平行双回线首端发生跨线故障时会误选相的问题,提出了基于故障分量方向元件的选相方案.将平行双回线路跨线故障作为复故障,分析了相电流差选相元件在线路首端跨线故障时误选相的原因.在故障被判为跨线故障的情况下,利用电压元件选出故障相,对每一回线,利用故障分量方向元件判断对应相故障是否在本回线路内部,当故障分量电压与故障分量电流间的相角在0°~180°时,判故障在本回线内,从而选出每回线的故障相.EMTP仿真结果表明,该方案在各种跨线故障下均能正确选相,可直接应用于现有基于单回线信息的微机保护装置.     

一种混合双极直流输电线路保护新原理

应用故障网络分析方法,研究了混合双极直流输电线路可能发生的各种短路故障类型,并进行了故障特性分析。根据分析结果发现:当直流输电线路发生区内故障时,整流侧与逆变侧的暂态电压和暂态电流夹角的余弦值相同;当直流输电线路区外(整流侧或逆变侧)发生故障时,整流侧与逆变侧的暂态电压和暂态电流夹角的余弦值相反。根据该故障特征,可实现区内、外故障的识别。利用小波变换提取暂态电压、电流分量。另外,故障极的暂态电压和电流的积的变化量远远大于正常极。根据此特征,进行故障选极。最后,通过电磁暂态仿真软件搭建电压不对称的混合双极直流输电系统仿真模型,对其直流输电线路设置不同故障进行仿真,利用MATLAB进行算法的验证,结果表明该保护新原理的正确性及故障选极是可行的。     

故障相的故障分量综合阻抗特点分析

使用三相模型,推导了故障分量综合阻抗与序分量综合阻抗之间的关系,指出故障相的故障分量综合阻抗在数值上与故障时的故障分量正序综合阻抗接近.同时它还具有小于两侧系统阻抗中比较大的、大于比较小的系统阻抗的特点,且在应用于弱馈系统时,故障分量综合阻抗小于线路阻抗与较小的系统阻抗的2倍之和.使用EMTP建立了500 kV,400 km线路模型对分析结论进行了验证.该结论可用于故障分量综合阻抗纵联保护原理的整定计算及定值灵敏度的分析.     

基于纵向阻抗的混合双极直流输电线路保护新原理

由于传统高压直流输电和柔性直流输电有各自的优缺点,为了充分发挥二者的优势,混合直流输电成为研究的热点。对由传统高压直流输电和柔性直流输电构成的混合双极直流输电线路的保护原理开展了研究,将阻抗的概念进行扩展延伸,提出了一种基于整流侧和逆变侧纵向阻抗的故障保护原理,利用PSCAD搭建仿真模型,利用MATLAB进行算法的仿真验证,该纵向阻抗是整流侧和逆变侧两端电压故障分量的差与电流故障分量的和的比值,利用纵向阻抗的幅值来区分区内外故障。区内故障时,纵向阻抗的幅值小于该极线路全长总阻抗;区外故障时,纵向阻抗的幅值大于该极线路全长总阻抗。该保护可以自行实现故障选极,故障极的纵向阻抗幅值小于整定值,非故障极的纵向阻抗幅值大于整定值。大量的仿真结果验证了所提保护原理的正确性,并可以实现故障选极。     

脉冲高压线路保护研究

论述了脉冲式高压线路保护的基本原理以及基于该原理的保护装置的实现方法．该保护具有事故选线、事故选相功能、故障测距功能和自动重合闸功能．适用于各种电压等级的高压输电线路，在线路带电或不带电情况下均能对事故进行灵敏可靠检测。     

带可控串补和可调电抗器输电线路纵联保护新原理

提出了一种适用于带可控串补和可调电抗器输电线路的故障分量综合阻抗纵联线路保护新原理.利用故障时线路两端故障分量电压相量和与故障分量电流相量和的比值,来判断线路上是否发生了故障.在外部故障时,该比值反映输电线路上的容抗,其模值较大,内部故障时,该比值反映系统电源阻抗和线路阻抗,其模值相对较小,据此可以区分线路上的内部和外部故障.新原理易整定,本身具有选相能力,不受电容电流的影响,不受可控串补电容以及可调电抗器的影响,耐受过渡电阻能力强.利用中国电力科学研究院西北750 kV系统动模系统参数验证了原理的有效性.     

220kV同杆架设双回线同时故障保护动作行为分析

本文结合两条220kV同杆架设双回线同时故障的动作结果以及故障录波图形、保护动作报告,分析了同杆架设双回线在发生跨线故障时的电流电压特点以及保护的动作行为,对南瑞继保RCS-902B纵联保护的选相元件原理进行了分析,并结合线路的序分量分析图以及故障录波图验证了保护动作的正确性。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.