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1.
以菱镁石、轻烧氧化镁和工业氧化铝细粉为原料,采用半干压法成型,在不同温度下煅烧处理,研究材料组成对镁铝尖晶石化行为的影响。结果表明,富铝尖晶石的尖晶石化反应滞后于富镁尖晶石,两类尖晶石化反应完成温度相差约100℃;富铝尖晶石的尖晶石化反应分两步进行,即在形成理论尖晶石的基础上再固溶氧化铝,最终形成富铝尖晶石;富铝尖晶石烧结程度较富镁尖晶石的低,形成较小的晶粒和气孔。  相似文献   

2.
本文采用溶剂热法,以六水合硝酸铈为铈源、偏钒酸铵为钒源,加入表面活性剂,调节不同的pH值,在160℃的温度下,在反应釜中反应12 h来合成钒酸铈材料。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、固相紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等手段对不同形态的钒酸铈材料进行了详细的表征。然后,以甲基橙(MO)为降解物,在可见光下评价了不同形态的钒酸铈的光催化活性性能,考察了表面活性剂、不同的反应时间和不同的pH的条件下对所制备样品的光催化性能的影响。研究结果表明:在pH值为10、反应时间为12 h和加入表面活性剂所制备的钒酸铈具有最好的结晶度,其光催化性能最好。  相似文献   

3.
铈钒杂多化合物(NH4)Ce2V3O11(NO3)2·5H2O的合成与表征   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
首次合成了稀土元素铈 ( )与钒的二元杂多化合物 ,确定其组成为 (NH4 ) Ce2 V3O11(NO3) 2 · 5 H2 O,并用元素分析、红外、紫外、热分析、X-射线粉末衍射等方法对其进行了表征 .此外对它的催化行为也进行了初步研究.  相似文献   

4.
将稀土Ce和高铝青铜粉体通过研磨混合,采用超音速等离子喷涂技术制备含稀土Ce的高铝青铜合金粉体涂层,采用XRD、SEM、EDS等手段对不同铈含量的高铝青铜合金粉体喷涂层表面组织、微观应力和界面元素扩散进行观察和分析,研究微量稀土元素铈对高铝青铜合金粉体涂层组织结构和界面元素扩散的影响.结果表明:粉体研磨后,铈粉以片状和碎块状方式粘结在高铝青铜粉体颗粒表面,并且出现微合金化现象.高铝青铜合金粉体的喷涂流动性和熔覆性随含铈量的增加而变大,涂层表面存在微观压应力,并随着含铈量的增加压应力呈现先降低后增加的趋势.随铈含量的增加,涂层合金与基体表面润湿性能增强,界面处Cu、Al元素贫化现象减弱.  相似文献   

5.
参照标准HB 5258-2000中的增重法对不同铈含量的Cr12铁素体不锈钢的抗高温氧化性能进行测试,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)技术等实验手段进行氧化形貌观察和氧化物物相分析,并对氧化物的生成热力学进行了计算. 实验结果表明:氧化物的分析结果与热力学计算结果相吻合. 在600℃、700℃及800℃较低温度时生成的氧化产物为具有尖晶石结构的M_3O_4型氧化物,具有良好的保护性,铈的添加可促进这种氧化膜的形成,降低氧化速率;在900℃时生成的氧化产物类型主要为M_2O_3型,保护性差,晶粒细的含铈钢初期氧化速率快,但是铈可改善氧化膜与基体的黏附性,在氧化后期阻止实验钢进一步的剧烈氧化. 利用反应元素效应和晶粒尺寸效应可以较好地解释该氧化动力学机制.  相似文献   

6.
利用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理对Co基尖晶石氧化物MCo2O4(M=Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu)的电子结构和磁学性质进行了计算,得出Co基尖晶石氧化物的稳定结构,总结了这些化合物呈正尖晶石和反尖晶石分布时的电子结构和磁构型.比较计算CoFe2O4和FeCo2O4发现改变阳离子的分布会影响材料的电学性质,通过研究得出,Co基尖晶石氧化物结构为正尖晶石的材料都具备铁磁性,结构为反尖晶石的材料都具备亚铁磁性.  相似文献   

7.
钒钛磁铁矿是我国主要提钒资源,广泛地分布于我国的攀枝花、承德地区。以钠化焙烧—水浸为代表的焙烧浸出工艺存在着污染环境、金属回收率不高的问题,目前正被逐步改进。据统计每生产1 t钛白粉就会排出20%的废酸8~10 t,而中国钛白行业年产废硫酸达到600万吨,直接排放将造成严重的环境污染。该报告围绕无焙烧直接加压酸浸提钒技术中的直接加压酸浸、浸出液中有价元素分离、新型加压连续浸出反应器研发、系统内物流循环与利用、浸出渣的综合利用、工艺放大等研究内容进行,通过相关研究取得以下成果:(1)研究并对比了无焙烧常压酸浸、无盐氧化焙烧常压酸浸、无焙烧氧压酸浸3种提钒过程的现象,结果表明:相比无焙烧常压酸浸、无盐氧化焙烧常压酸浸等2个工艺,明显地具有反应快速、高效的特点。(2)采用硫酸体系加压浸出四川攀枝花地区的转炉钒渣,矿物学表明,转炉钒渣中的主要物相为尖晶石相、钛铁矿相以及铁橄榄石。加压浸出过程中,铁橄榄石和尖晶石相逐渐分解,钒、铁被浸出进入浸出液,部分未反应的钛、硅相在浸出渣中富集。(3)对该技术核心加压酸浸过程进行了放大实验研究,对实验室研究结果进行了验证,放大实验研究结果表明:钒的浸出率随着初始酸度的增加而增加,随着液固比的增大而增大。在加压温度150℃,硫酸浓度300 g/L,搅拌转速300 rpm,浸出时间90 min,液固比8∶1的条件下,钒的浸出率可达到99.10%。(4)提钒酸浸液萃取最优工艺条件为:常温,还原剂用量20 g/L、浸出液p H=2.0、有机相组成为20%P2O4,5%TBP,75%磺化煤油、相比(O/A)=1∶1、震荡时间5 min,钒的一级萃取率达到74.49%,Fe的萃取率仅为1.92%。在最优条件下,进行4级错流萃取,钒的总萃取率可达97.89%。以硫酸为反萃液进行反萃,其最优工艺条件为:反萃时间t=4 min、反萃液浓度200 g/L、反萃相比(O/A)=1∶1时,钒的反萃率达到98%以上。  相似文献   

8.
改性USY型FCC催化剂对硫转移性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过考察MgO对USY型催化裂化(FCC)催化剂改性所引起的基质结构的变化,研究了不同反应条件及引入铈、镧、磷对硫转移活性的影响。结果表明:改性导致基质表面形成了表层镁铝尖晶石结构,使催化剂具有一定的硫转移活性。铈和镧的引入可有效提高活性,而磷的引入对活性无明显影响,温度升高可显著提高二氧化硫的氧化速率,氧含量为零时硫转移活性很低。  相似文献   

9.
尖晶石型铁氧体红外辐射陶瓷的结构与性能研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
闫国进 《河南科学》2006,24(4):493-495
采用Fe2O3、MnO2、CuO、Co2O3为主要原料,制得铁氧体样品.测量了样品的红外辐射率,用XRD分析了样品的物相,用SEM研究了样品的微观形貌,用EPMA研究了样品的元素面分布,用XPS研究了样品中Fe、Mn、Co、Cu元素的价态分布.结果表明,样品的红外辐射率很高,全波段辐射率高达0.87,8~14!m光谱辐射率均大于等于0.90,是优良的红外辐射陶瓷;样品中,CoFe2O4和MnFe2O4、CuFe2O4、CuMn2O4等彼此以固溶体的形式存在,形成了复杂的多组份铁氧体,基本属于混合尖晶石型结构,结晶良好;铁氧体中,Fe、Mn、Co元素离子均以三价和二价共存.  相似文献   

10.
脱硫助剂氧化吸硫原位还原研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
镁铝尖晶石是一种重要的脱硫助剂,本文利用原位热重技术研究酸法制备的三种尖晶石在不同反应条件下氧化吸硫情况,重点考察金属元素铈和铁对尖晶石的调变作用。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

15.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

16.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

17.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

18.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
The non-orthogonal localized molecular orbital(NOLMO)is the most localized representation of electronic degrees of freedom.As such,NOLMOs are thus potentially the most efficient for linear scaling calculations of electronic structures for large systems.However,direct ab initio calculations with NOLMO have not been fully implemented and widely used,partly because of the slow convergence issue in the optimization of NOLMO.We devel-  相似文献   

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