贵州灵芝科Ⅱ

本文是作者贵州灵芝科研究的第二报。报道4个种,其中3个是新种。其特征是:白边灵芝Ganoderma albimarginatium He,该种的菌盖红褐色至褐色,边缘白色,菌肉上层木材色,近菌管层淡褐色,菌管表面淡黄色,孢子根大(9.5-13.4×6.7-8.8μm)。它与闽南灵芝(G.austrofujianense Zhao,Xu et Zhang)的区别为后者菌盖乌黑色或黑褐色,具污白色和褐色相间的环带,菌肉褐色,管面污白色。孢子较小(5.7-10.4×3.4-5.2μm)。它与黄边灵芝(G.luteomarginatum Zhao,Xu et Zhang)的区别为后者菌盖黑褐色到暗褐色,边缘黄褐色,孢子较小(8.7-10.4×5.2-7μm)。兴义灵芝Ganoderma xingyiense He,该种的特征是菌盖近肾形,锈红色,似漆样光泽弱,有显著的辐射状纵皱,边缘稍钝,不整齐,波状;菌柄偏生到侧生,紫褐色,有强烈的似漆样光泽。尚未见有类似种类。拟层状灵芝Ganoderma stratcideum He,该种的特征是子实体有柄。菌盖近漏斗状,表面乌红黑色,拟层状,具有光泽和无光泽相间的同心环带,菌肉厚达1cm,上层木材色,近菌管层淡褐色。它近于中国灵芝(G.sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang),但后者菌盖非漏斗状,表面紫褐色並且非拟层状,菌肉均匀褐色,菌柄紫褐色。以上所引证的标本保藏于贵州科学院生物研究所真菌标本室。     

千岛湖发现特大野生灵芝

千岛湖清心岛的松林中,发现特大的野生灵芝。这株灵芝生长在已腐烂的松树根中,呈半圆形的菌盖,宽26.5厘米,高16.5厘米,厚9.5厘米。菌盖有棕色云带,菌盖背后灰白色,正面上端紫黑色,这株灵芝重达1.1斤,像这样大的灵芝极不多见,目前已拍成彩照供人们观赏。     

灵芝真伪之析

灵芝是一种药用真菌,为多孔菌科灵芝属灵芝及紫芝的子实体。该药性温,味淡,具有滋补、健脑、强壮作用,又兼有消炎、利尿、益肾之功。用于治疗神经衰弱、头昏失眠、慢性肝炎、肾盂肾炎、支气管哮喘、胃病等症。由于需求量日益增加,时有假药混迹于市。常见的伪品有树舌、层桑树舌及红缘层孔等同料不同种的真菌类品种。用药时须慎重鉴别之。 １．灵芝 Ｇａｎｏｄｅｒｍａ Ｌｕｃｉｄｕｍ（Ｌｅｙｓｓ．ｅｘ　 Ｆｒ） Ｋａｒｓｔ。菌盖木栓质,半圆形或肾形,罕见近圆形。大小不等,大的可达 １２×２０ｃｍ,厚达２ｃｍ,皮壳黄褐色至红褐…     

赤芝、紫芝三萜类成分指纹图谱的优化与比较

对高效液相色谱的色谱条件进行优化,建立灵芝三萜类成分的指纹图谱分析方法,拟定赤芝、紫芝指纹图谱的共有模式,并将其初步应用于评价赤芝与紫芝的质量差异。优化后的流动相为乙腈-2%冰醋酸(梯度洗脱),检测波长为252 nm,流速为1mL/min,柱温为35℃,14批赤芝、7批紫芝共标示出29个共有峰.鉴别了3个成分(灵芝酸A、C2、G),发现灵芝酸A的峰最强;赤芝与紫芝的共有峰相对比值较接近,但紫芝的单位生药峰面积只有赤芝的5%~10%左右,说明含灵芝制剂的质量评价应采用指纹图谱与含量测定相结合的方法.采用优化后的方法获得的灵芝三萜指纹图谱表明,赤芝三萜类成分较其它文献报道多,紫芝中三萜类成分能明显检出,说明该方法准确可靠,重复性好.     

不同培养基对灵芝菌丝生长的影响

通过３个品种灵芝在不同培养基上的生长实验，筛选出适合灵芝菌丝体生长的最佳培养基。试验结果表明，在母种扩制过程中，综合培养基Ⅱ中力比例生长最好，在原种制作过程中，玉米粒培养基中菌丝的生长较麦粒、木屑培养基好，在栽培制作过程中，培养基Ⅲ中的菌丝生长速度最快，３个品种中南韩灵芝菌丝的长势最好。     

中国灵芝科资源及其地理分布Ⅱ

依据标本,列出了中国的灵芝科(灵芝属紫芝组)种名、同物异名、及其地理分布和生境。     

灵芝的药用及栽培方法

灵芝为担子菌类多孔菌科灵芝属植物灵芝或紫芝的干燥子实体,系木生真菌,性味甘、平,具有滋补强壮、宁心安神的功能。主要用于治疗头晕、神经衰弱、高血压、冠心病、胆固醇高、肝炎、慢性支气管炎、风湿性关节炎和咳喘症。对中枢神经有抑制和保护作用,也有健脑功效。 灵芝除作菌类药膳和药用之外,可通过深加工,开发出灵芝系列产品,如茶、酒和保健饮料等;还可通过造型设计、盆景加工,制成既有观赏价值又有收藏价值的精美工艺品。 栽培灵芝是一条切实可行的致富门路,具有技术简单好掌握、易管理、生产周期短等特点。所用原料为农林副产品及下脚料,如杂木、木屑、小径材、麸、玉米芯等。灵芝是药类真菌中比较容易生产的一种菌类,一般每株子实体干重达60g     

黔产赤灵芝不同部位无机元素和营养成分分析

以黔产青冈椴木赤灵芝为研究对象,测定了灵芝子实体(整支)、灵芝孢子粉(破壁)、灵芝孢子粉(未破壁)和灵芝菌盖中5种营养成分和24种无机元素,并进行相关性分析。结果表明：灵芝中营养成分与无机元素间具有一定的相关特性;灵芝不同部位的水分、灰分、多糖和三萜及甾醇含量均符合2020版《中华人民共和国药典》规定;灵芝孢子粉(破壁)具有较高的蛋白质、多糖和三萜及甾醇含量;元素Sn、Mo、B、Be和Ag在灵芝不同部位中均未检出;As在灵芝孢子粉(破壁)、灵芝孢子粉(未破壁)中未检出;元素Pb、Cd、As、Hg和Cu在灵芝不同部位中的含量均低于最大限量值;Al在灵芝子实体(整支)中超标率为100%;Cr在灵芝孢子粉(破壁)中超标率亦为100%。     

海南岛7种野生灵芝的形态与分子鉴定

从海南岛采集到7种野生灵芝,根据形态和r DNA ITS序列的系统发育分析,将其鉴定为树舌灵芝Ganoderma applanatum、南方灵芝G.australe、布朗灵芝G.brownii、桂兰灵芝G.guinanense、无柄紫灵芝G.mastoporum、灵芝G.sichuanense和紫芝G.sinense。本文提供了7种灵芝的形态描述和宏观图17条分子序列,并结合genbank中灵芝属的分子序列构建了分子系统发育树,为准确的保护和利用海南岛及我国的野生灵芝资源提供了依据。     

茶园间套栽培灵芝的生产方法

本文介绍了茶园间套栽培灵芝的生产方法。茶树与灵芝要合理搭配,以1∶1的比例间套种植,以0.8 m×0.4 m的株行距计有茶树2 100株/667 m2,在茶树下间套栽培灵芝可天然遮阴保湿,遮光率达55~70%。茶园间套栽培灵芝属于多投入、多输出、多时空变化、生物性生产的人工复合系统技术领域。充分利用茶园土地资源,不仅能使茶农获得茶与灵芝双重经济收入,而且具有明显的生态效益;茶枝为灵芝主要栽培料,节约木材资源;出过芝的灵芝菌包作为茶树生长的天然有机肥,有利于茶树生长。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.