Effects of zinc on physiologic characterization and cadmium accumulation and chemical forms in different varieties of pepper

The effects of zinc(Zn) at different spray concentrations(0, 500, and 1 0001μmol L) on the plant growth, the activities of antioxidant enzymes chemical forms of cadmium(Cd), and the accumulation of Cd were studied and compared between two varieties, Shijichaotianjiao(SJCTJ) and Yanjiao425(YJ425) of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) in Cd-contaminated soil(Cd 10 1mg kg). The activities of catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) were generally enhanced by Zn. However, superoxide dismutase(SOD) decreased. Addition of Zn decreased the ethanol-extractable Cd, NaCl-extractable Cd, and acetic acid-extractable Cd in the fruit by 34.6%- 55.3%, 2.0%-17.7% and 0.4%-32.9%, and reduced the accumulation of Cd in fruit and plant total Cd by 12.8%- 68.6% and 9.0%-29.3% in both varieties, respectively.     

Cd单一及Cd、Zn复合污染对玉米幼苗生理特性的影响

采用溶液培养法,研究不同浓度Cd单一及Cd Zn(0.50 mmol/L)复合污染对玉米叶绿素、脯氨酸、MDA含量及SOD、POD、CAT活性的影响.结果表明:Cd对叶片的影响比根部明显,随着Cd浓度的增加,叶片中叶绿素含量降低、脯氨酸含量增加,有效的活性氧自由基清除系统的平衡被打破,叶片中MDA含量增加;而根部的活性氧自由基清除系统的平衡未被打破,MDA含量保持在一个较低的水平.Zn能部分缓解Cd对玉米体内活性氧消除系统的毒害作用,降低MDA含量,但Zn和Cd共同对叶绿素的含量表现出抑制作用.     

涠洲岛西面及西南面沉积物重金属污染分析

【目的】研究广西涠洲岛海域沉积物污染情况并进行分析与评价。【方法】通过分析2014年涠洲岛沉积物重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr含量水平,运用单因子评价法、潜在生态风险指数法和地累积指数法进行污染程度评价。【结果】涠洲岛西面及西南面海域沉积物重金属含量均值从小到大依次为CdCuPbCrZn,分别对应未检出、3.02 mg·kg~(-1)、3.19 mg·kg~(-1)、6.47 mg·kg~(-1)、10.10 mg·kg~(-1),含量范围分别为未检出、0.95~8.29mg·kg~(-1)、2.68~4.07mg·kg~(-1)、1.81~18.46mg·kg~(-1)、ND~34.59mg·kg~(-1)。重金属污染程度属于"低水平",单个及多种重金属生态风险分级均为"轻微",其中Cu是引发生态风险的主要元素,地累积指数亦表明该海域各重金属污染程度均为0级。【结论】总体来说,涠洲岛西面及西南面海域沉积物重金属含量与污染程度较广西沿海其他海域低,仍属清洁水平。     

Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon of alpine meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

A study on the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the alpine meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been carried out. The results indicate that the content of soil organic carbon (C _SOC) in the topsoil of terrace meadow (TM) ((67.16 ± 1.02) g·kg⁻¹) is more than that in the soil of upland meadow (UM) ((63.42 ± 0.65) g·kg⁻¹), while the C _SOC in upland shrubland (US) ((67.49 ± 0.83) g·kg⁻¹) is the most abundant in the scoreh stage (September). From May to September, the C _SOC in the topsoil of UM and US tends to descend, but that of TM tends to ascend. As for the distribution of the C _SOC and the density of SOC in the soil in the three sample areas, the data show that the deeper the soil, the lesser the content and density of SOC. The C _SOC in US is higher than that in TM and UM; the C _SOC in UM is the lowest at 0–10 cm soil depth. The density of SOC in US is always the lowest among UM, TM, and US at 0–40 cm depth, which shows that the storage of carbon in UM is more than that in US in the same range; the carbon pool capacity in UM is higher than that in US in the same range. Biography: ZHANG Wei (1979–), male, Lecturer, research direction: ecology of environment.     

植物生长调节剂对苦丁茶的矮化作用研究

于2003年1～12月在广西崇左市林业科学研究所选择植物生长调节剂进行苦丁茶(Ilex latifolia Thunb)的矮化试验.试验采用随机区组设计,共设15个处理,每个处理由植物生长调节剂种类(多效唑、矮壮素、比久)和浓度(100 mg·kg-1、300 mg·kg-1、500 mg·kg-1、700 mg·kg-1)组合确定,以自来水为对照,植株高度、枝条长度、枝条数量为指标.结果表明,多效唑、矮壮素、比久对苦丁茶都有不同程度的矮化作用,其中浓度为300 mg·kg-1的多效唑最理想.     

龙匙片降血糖作用的实验研究

【目的】龙匙方是广西壮族自治区人民医院俞祝全医生的临床经验方,本文研究其对正常小鼠及几种糖尿病模型小鼠降血糖的作用。【方法】采用链脲佐菌素致糖尿病、肾上腺素致高血糖、大剂量口服葡萄糖致高血糖小鼠模型,分别观察龙匙片对正常和糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响。【结果】高、中剂量组(11500mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)、5750mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))龙匙片对链脲佐菌素致糖尿病、肾上腺素致高血糖、大剂量口服葡萄糖致高血糖小鼠的血糖具有明显的降低作用;但高、低剂量(11500mg·kg~(~(-1))·d~(-1)、3060mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))龙匙片对正常小鼠血糖水平均无明显影响(P0.05)。【结论】龙匙片对糖尿病模型小鼠具有降低血糖的作用。     

Response of a Submersed Macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata （L.f） Royle,to Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate Stress

The acute toxicity of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate （SDBS） to subcamersed macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata （L.f） Royle was studied. Chlorophyll contents and the activities of 3 antioxidant enzymes： superoxide dismutase （SOD, EC 1.15.1.1）, catalase （CAT, EC 1.11.1.6）, peroxidase （POD, EC 1.11.1.7） in the leaves were investigated under different concentrations of SDBS, The chlorophyll contents in leaves of experimental plants decreased gradually, while the electrical conductivity of culture solution increased gradually with the increased dose of SDBS. Under higher concentrations of SDBS （32 mg/L and 128 mg/L） treatment, SOD lost its activities completely after 24 h. The native PAGE analysis indicated the diversity of POD isoenzymes was obvious under different concentrations of SDBS stress.     

毛郁金乙醇提取物降血脂作用研究

【目的】研究毛郁金(Curcuma aromatica)乙醇提取物降血脂作用,为其综合开发利用提供依据。【方法】通过高脂饲料喂养及脂肪乳剂灌胃,建立高脂血症大鼠模型,连续3周给予毛郁金乙醇提取物进行治疗,设正常组、高脂模型组、辛伐他汀组和毛郁金乙醇提取物高、中、低剂量(生药18g·kg-1·d-1,12g·kg-1·d-1,6g·kg-1·d-1)组,以动物实验研究毛郁金乙醇提取物降血脂的作用。【结果】毛郁金乙醇提取物可降低大鼠血清总胆固醇(CHOL)、三酰甘油(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的含量,并提高血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量,对血清CHOL、LDL-C的降低作用:高中低剂量组,中剂量组对降低TG、升高HDL-C含量具有较好作用,毛郁金各给药组均对大鼠血清LDL-C含量有极显著降低作用。【结论】毛郁金乙醇提取物具有明显的降血脂作用。     

A Novel Degradation Pathway of Zn（dmid） （ phen）2 in Pyridine

The light-oxidation degradation processes of Zn(dmid)(phen)2(dmid = 4, 5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2 one, phen = 1,10-phenanthroaline) in pyridine solvent has been monitored, h has been found under the light, dmid^2- of Zn(dmid)(phen)2 in pyridine solution could generate NCS^- and NCS^-replaces dmid^2- to form Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 simultaneously. The crystal structure of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 has been determined. In the crystal of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2. two NCS^- ligands are arranged in syn-configuration, and there is strong π-π interaction between the two adjacent parallel phen.     

In-situ Mg77Cu12Zn5Y6 bulk metallic glass matrix composite with extraordinary plasticity

Mg base BMG alloys have attracted a great deal of attention for its low density and relative low cost. To date, BMG alloys with millimeter scale have been fab- ricated by using conventional copper cast and die cast method in Mg-Ni-Ce[1], Mg-Ni-La[2], Mg-C…     

锌营养条件下镉污染对小麦生理特性的影响

采用室内砂培试验,对锌营养条件下镉污染对小麦生理特性的影响进行了研究。结果表明,锌营养可明显提高小麦在镉污染时的光合作用,质膜的稳定性及过氧化氢酶活性。缺锌时小麦体内脯氨酸含量明显增加,当小麦受到镉污染时,供锌明显降低其体内脯氨酸含量。通过调控植物营养,可提高其对重金属污染胁迫的抵御能力。     

新密市矿区铊含量分析及其环境风险评价

对新密市典型矿区周围耕地土壤和农作物进行了实地调查和采样,并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对其土壤以及玉米中的铊（Tl）含量进行分析检测。结果显示,新密市煤矿区土壤样品中Tl含量为0.333 0～0.517 3 mg·kg^-1,与新密市土壤样品中Tl含量背景值0.420 0 mg·kg^-1相比,采样点Tl含量超标个数占80.65%,与全国潮土土壤样品中Tl含量0.570 0 mg·kg^-1相比未见超标。玉米中不同部位Tl含量不同,其中玉米植株中Tl含量根 > 须 > 叶 > 茎。利用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法分析新密市矿区土壤中Tl污染的风险等级。分析结果显示,Tl含量的潜在生态风险参数最大值为49.266 7,最小值为31.714 3,污染物评价等级处于低水平的样点占19.35%,处于中度水平的样点占80.65%。新密市煤矿区Tl污染程度整体上相对较低。     

Standard molar enthalpy of formation of morin studied by rotating-bomb combustion calorimetry

Flavonols are plant pigments that are ubiquitous in nature. Morin and other related plant flavonols have come into recent prominence because of their usefulness as anticancer, anti-tumor, anti-AIDS, and other important therapeutic activities of significant potency and low systemic toxicity. The heat of combustion of morin (molecular formula, C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O) in oxygen was measured by a rotating-bomb type combustion calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of combustion of morin at T = 298.15 K was determined to be Δ_c H _m^⦵ (C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O, s) = −(5 937.99 ± 2.99) kJ · mol⁻¹. The derived standard molar enthalpy of the formation of morin in solid powder state at T = 298.15 K, Δ_f H _m^⦵ (C₁₅H₁₀O₇·H₂O, s), was −(1 682.12 ± 3.58) kJ · mol⁻¹, which provide an accurate data of the stability of morin to the pharmacy and pharmacology. Biography: HOU Hanna(1956–), female, Visiting researcher, Associate professor of Hubei University of Education, research direction: thermochemistry.     

浮萍对水体Zn的吸收富集能力及SoD抗氧化酶活性反应

为探询浮萍对水体Zn的吸收富集能力,为水体Zn污染的植物修复提供依据,采用水培方法对浮萍的Zn的吸收富集特性及生物量、抗性进行分析,同时也对Zn处理条件下,浮萍体内SOD酶活性变化进行了测定。结果表明：在Zn浓度为5mg／L时,浮萍生物量并没有受到明显的影响,表现出较强的抗性;SOD酶活性也最高,表明清除氧自由基的能力也较强;Zn的积累随处理浓度增加而增加,在5mg／L Zn处理时,也基本达到饱和,超过该浓度,吸收量则无明显的变化,同时浮萍也明显受到伤害。因此,浮萍对水体Zn具有较强的吸收能力,且5mg／L可作为其中的临界参考值。     

Investigation of performances and mechanism of fluoride removal by Fe (III)-loaded ligand exchange cotton cellulose adsorbent

Novel adsorbent, Fe(III)-loaded ligand exchange cotton cellulose adsorbent [Fe(III)LECCA], was used to investigate the adsorption performances and mechanism of fluoride removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was found to adsorb fluoride rapidly and effectively. The fluoride removal was influenced by pH. Adsorption model followed first-order reaction at different temperature, theapparent adsorption activated energyE, was 6.37 kJ·mol⁻¹, and adsorption enthalpy ΔH was 5.35 kJ·mol⁻¹. The adsorption capacity of fluoride on adsorbent was 3.2 mmol·g⁻¹ (dry weight). The maximal integer coordination ratio of fluoride with Fe(III) LECCA was 3∶1. The ligand exchange mechanism of adsorption was elucidated through chemical methods and IR spectral analysis. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (29977010) and Shanghai Priority Academic Discipline Biography: ZHAO Ya-ping (1974-), female, Ph.D., research direction: water and wastewater treatment.     

NaCl胁迫对菠菜萌发和苗期生理特性的影响

以3个菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L.)自交系材料S26,S77和S4为研究对象,研究了不同浓度的NaCl溶液对菠菜萌发期和幼苗期生理特性的影响.结果表明:供试浓度范围内,低浓度(50 mmol?L-1)NaCl处理可以促进菠菜种子的萌发,但高浓度处理则抑制萌发;与S4相比,S77和S26在NaCl胁迫下...     

二月兰对铜污染的耐受与富集分析

为探究十字花科植物二月兰对土壤中铜离子的吸收和耐受性，采用不同浓度的硫酸铜溶液对其种子萌发阶段和生长阶段进行处理，测定了二月兰的生理指标.结果表明：铜离子溶液处理15 d后会对二月兰的萌发率产生影响.当铜离子质量分数为35，100 mg∙kg^-1时，均能促进二月兰种子的萌发，而400 mg∙kg^-1处理组则导致萌发率显著下降，发芽率仅为对照组的41％；土壤栽培处理，35，100 mg∙kg^-1均能促进二月兰生长，而400 mg∙kg^-1处理组则导致生长幅度减小，叶片数量和株高也显著少于前两组实验.同时，400 mg∙kg^-1处理组导致超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性提高，铜离子对二月兰造成一定生长胁迫.铜离子转运系数和富集系数分别为0.56和0.52，说明二月兰对铜离子的富集能力表现优良，尚未造成毒害.进一步分析铜离子转运相关基因的表达，外源施加铜离子，导致体内OvCOPT1基因表达量相对于对照组显著降低.本研究揭示了二月兰对于土壤中铜离子污染具有吸收和富集作用，为治理土壤中铜离子污染提供了理论依据，并证明二月兰可作为优良的富集植物.     

光调控对金线莲生长发育的影响

为研究不同光质和光周期处理对金线莲生长发育的影响,以蓝光、黄光、红光3种不同光质、不同光照时间处理广西金线莲组培苗,每瓶接种10个茎段,每个处理接种20瓶,培养90 d后观察记录。结果显示,日光灯照10 h·d~(-1)处理比单色光处理更有利于金线莲组培苗株高、茎粗、鲜重、干重、干物率的积累,也更有利于总黄酮、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量的积累。光照6 h·d~(-1)时金线莲单株叶片数最多;光照14 h·d~(-1)处理,茎生长最粗,叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性最高;单色光处理中,蓝光有利于干物质的积累,可使植株矮壮;黄光处理叶面积最大;红光处理下金线莲节间数和腋芽数最多,过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性最高,但在所有处理中金线莲茎最细。黄光最有利于金线莲组培苗氨基酸的积累,金线莲组培苗氨基酸含量会随着光照时间的增多而递减,表明不同光质和光周期处理对金线莲生长发育有重要的影响。     

镉盐及镉与锌联合应用对lewis肺癌小鼠的影响

探讨4种镉盐对lewis肺癌的作用,以及锌与镉联合应用时锌的保护机制.建立lewis肺癌小鼠模型,随机分成不同的给药组.16 d后检测瘤重、胸腺指数、脾脏指数以及肝脏和肿瘤中的金属硫蛋白含量.氯化镉组对lewis肺癌抑制作用明显并可以增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能.1 mg·kg^-1氯化镉组与联合应用组相比肿瘤抑制率无显著性差异,而且后者小鼠肝脏中MT表达量显著增加.结果表明氯化镉可有效抑制lewis肺癌细胞的增殖,最佳抑制剂量为1 mg·kg^-1;在联合应用组中,氯化锌在不影响镉抗lewis肺癌效果的同时还能够进一步减轻镉对机体正常组织的毒性作用.     

水肥胁迫对槟榔幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

该文研究了不同水肥胁迫处理对盆栽槟榔幼苗生长及生理特性的影响.结果表明:在水分和养分胁迫处理下,随着胁迫时间的延长,槟榔幼苗的生长受到抑制,株高和叶面积增速缓慢,根冠比增大;叶片质膜透性增大,可溶性糖和脯氨酸质量分数升高,在处理60d和90d时分别与其对照的差异具有统计学意义;SOD活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,在60d时达到高峰;POD酶活性呈上升的趋势,在90d时达到最大值;在试验处理期间与对照相比,质膜透性、可溶性糖和脯氨酸质量分数的变化幅度大;其次是SOD酶和POD酶活性;植株的株高和叶面积的变化较慢.