基于RS/GIS的湖北省湿地近20年来变迁研究

以20世纪80年代、90年代、2005年前后的遥感影像为主要依据,运用GIS/RS技术与景观生态学研究方法分析了湖北省湿地近20多年来的时空变化规律.结果表明,20世纪80年代、90年代、2005年前后全省湿地总面积为16 104.18km2 (不含水田),36892.62km2 (含水田)、36308.04km2 (含水田).近20多年来,湖泊湿地和水田、滩地、沼泽地的面积在减少.河流湿地、库塘湿地面积有所增加.20世纪80年代中期,湖北省湿地资源的多样性指数H最大,优势度指数D最小,均匀度指数E最大.到21世纪初,多样性指数H又增加,优势度指数D又减少,均匀度指数E增加,说明湖北省湿地资源的类型逐渐趋于多样化.总的来说,近20年中,滩地和沼泽地是向着分散的方向发展的,湖泊是向着聚集的方向发展的.     

徐州市耕地资源动态变化及其驱动力分析

利用1990～2004年的统计和普查数据,分析探讨了徐州市20世纪90年代以来耕地数量变化及区域差异;利用主成分分析法分析影响徐州市耕地动态变化的驱动因子,揭示耕地变化的驱动机制,据此提出耕地保护的对策措施.     

湖北省耕地资源变化的地域差异及对策

耕地资源的减少已成为湖北省面临的主要问题之一。随着经济的发展和城镇的扩张，耕地资源减少的现状还将持续下去。根据1990年以来湖北省耕地总量变化率、人均耕地变化率等指标分析了耕地动态变化的区域差异，并据此将全省17个地域单元分为不同的类型，提出了不同类型区存在的问题和应采取的对策。     

武汉市基本-非基本经济活动的变化分析

借助城市发展的经济基础理论，采用统计年鉴数据，深入分析了20世纪90年代以来武汉市随着产业结构的调整，城市基本-非基本经济活动的发展变化。     

城市土壤概念的外延拓展与研究阶段划分

城市土壤是近年来多学科交叉研究的热点问题．首先对城市土壤概念进行了科学界定以及外延拓展．以不同时期城市土壤研究的特点为依据,将其研究历史划分为萌芽阶段（20世纪70年代之前）、起步阶~3L（20世纪70年代至90年代中期）和快速发展阶段（20世纪90年代中后期以来）．     

关于当代文学媚俗倾向的理论思考

自进入20世纪90年代以来，由于中国政治，经济，文化等诸方面的急剧变化，使当代文学出现了眉俗化的倾向，该文陈述化倾向的种种表现，并从哲学，社会学的角度对当代文学的媚化倾向出现的原因进行了分析，指出新世纪文学发展的正确走向。     

北欧诸国的科技发展和体制创新

北欧诸国在20世纪初还是一些落后的农业小国，经过几十年的努力，到20世纪60年代已发展成为高度发达的福利国家。20世纪80年代初高福利对北欧国家经济发展的负面影响开始显现，90年代以来在经济全球化的冲击下，北欧国家的经济也遭到沉重的打击，其国家竞争力受到削弱。面对国际科技、经济竞争力的加剧，北欧国家争相实行科技创新，大力发展知识经济。自20世纪90年代后半期     

美国的科技转让政策及其对我国的启示

科技的进步深刻地影响和改变着世界的经济、社会和我们的生活方式。在当今世界，美国对全球有着广泛的影响力和控制力，其主要的依托是科学技术的高速发展。20世纪90年代以来，美国经济持续强劲增长，呈现出“一高两低”（高经济增长率、低失业率和低通货膨胀率）的增长特征，进入了“新经济”增长模式时期，这种经济增长的动因之一。可以说是20世纪70—80年代以来美国政府科技转让政策的积极转变。为了推动我国经济的发展，制定可行的科技转让政策是至关重要的。他山之石。可以攻玉。本文拟对美国科技转让政策的演变与发展，特别是20世纪90年代以来美国科技转让政策的变化及转让模式进行探讨，以对我国科技转让政策的制定与实施提供有益的借鉴。     

对“去经济全球化”问题的思考

20世纪90年代末以来,去经济全球化运动蓬勃兴起。人们反对＂全球化＂,并不是反对经济全球化的发展模式,而是反对经济全球化带来的一系列问题。而我国在去经济全球化运动中,又该何去何从？研究去经济全球化运动的产生以及爆发的主要原因,用近几年国际上主要国家几项重大经济指标的变化去证明经济全球化的程度,是解决问题的关键。     

注重科学决策寻求世纪突破

20世纪90年代以后,淮南这样一个缘煤而建,因煤而兴的能源型工业城市,经过了数十年的大规模建设形成的以煤炭、电力、化工为支柱的工业生产体系已不能适应迅速变化的市场经济形势,单一的能源型城市功能成了制约经济发展的"瓶颈".为此,自20世纪90年代以来,淮南市以"科技兴市"为契机,相继出台了一系列配套政策,坚持走科技创新之路,有力地推动了全市经济的快速发展.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.