稻草浸泡液的抑藻效果与抑藻活性组分的初步分析

通过XAD树脂固相萃取和GC-MS解析,研究了不同降解方式和降解时间的稻草浸泡液中的控藻活性组分与抑藻效果的关系.结果表明,稻草本身存在抑藻活性物质,低温浸泡4天的无菌稻草液在2.5g/L投加量下,对微囊藻的抑制作用达到了69.3%.好氧和厌氧降解稻草浸泡液均可抑藻效果,如厌氧和好氧浸泡15天的稻草液在1.5g/L浓度下对微囊藻的抑制作用分别为83%和81%.通过GC-MS检测,稻草浸泡液的活性物质组分主要有萘胺类、酯类和酚类,其中最为典型的酯类物质为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯以及其衍生物.随着稻草降解时间的延长,浸泡液中存在的有机物组分的种类与含量均有所减少,尤其好氧降解处理方式更为显著.稻草浸泡液抑藻物质和抑藻效果有明显的对应关系.     

稻草木质素的生物降解

发现脱提取物稻草经粉刺侧孢霉 Phanerochete chrysosporium腐朽,稻草木质素降解比云杉和桦木快,硝基苯氧化分析表明稻草木质素中缩聚单元的比例比较高,而真菌优先降解未缩合单元,但对紫丁香基丙烷单元和愈疮木基丙烷单元没有明显的选择性,分析还表明腐朽过程具有脱甲基作用。     

培养条件对黄孢原毛平革菌降解稻草的研究

在固态培养条件下研究培养条件对黄孢原毛平革菌降解稻草的影响．实验结果表明：黄孢原毛平革菌降解稻草的最适温度为32℃，最佳时间为24d．通过正交试验确定，对稻草降解影响的营养成分中，苯甲醇最好，使稻草总量降低了0．107％，木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的降解量分别提高了3．285％、0．304％,2．123％；依次为谷氨酸、缓冲液、吐温-80、发酵剂，最后是MnSO4．     

纤维素酶高活力菌株筛选

通过测定呼吸消耗率和纤维素酶活性来研究7个侧耳属菌株对稻草的降解情况。结果表明：桃红侧耳纤维素酶（CMC）产量和活性较高，适合用于降解稻草，同时在该菌的生产中也可以选用稻草作培养料。     

微波辐射稻草浆蒸煮黑液处理技术的研究

本文分析了以颗粒活性炭和CuO为催化剂条件下，微波辐射对稻草浆蒸煮黑液的处理的效果，考察了CuO与活性炭总量、比例，微波辐射功率，微波辐射时间等对黑液处理效果的影响．得出以活性炭CuO为吸附催化剂在微波辐射条件下对稻草浆蒸煮黑液的处理效果非常理想．同时对微波辐射处理的反应机理进行了初步探讨．结果表明黑液中的木质素等有机污染物被氧化分解的过程是活性炭CuO吸附降解和微波诱导催化氧化协同作用的结果．该方法具有设备简单，操作方便，处理时间短，反应彻底，无二次污染物产生等优点，可用于处理含有难降解有机污染物的造纸废水．     

两种固定化方法的抑藻剂效果研究

采用藻类生长抑制试验的方法比较了相同抑藻剂与不同载体组配后对塔玛亚历山大藻和铜绿微囊藻的抑制效果,以研究固定化抑藻剂对于藻类爆发水体修复技术的可行性.结果显示,对于赤潮藻塔玛亚历山大藻（ATDH01）而言,海藻酸钠固定化绿茶浸提液及绿茶粉均有较高的抑制率;海藻酸钠固定化绿茶浸提液比海藻酸钠固定化绿茶粉的抑藻作用快5~24 h;单纯的海藻酸钠小球对ATDH01也有较好的抑制效果.PVA高分子棉片固定绿茶浸提液对ATDH01的抑制率与海藻酸钠固定化绿茶浸提液接近.对于铜绿微囊藻（FACHB-905）来说,海藻酸钠固定化绿茶抑藻剂（浸提液或粉）对FACHB-905的抑制效果不如ATDH01.总体来看,海藻酸钠或者PVA高分子棉片作为固定剂制备的绿茶抑藻剂均可用于处理ATDH01赤潮,但是对于FACHB-905水华,本研究的抑藻剂及其固定化方式效果均不够理想.     

亚硫酸铵与尿素处理稻草的效果研究

分别用0％、4％、8％的亚硫酸铵和4％尿素处理稻草，水分调至45％，填紧压实，密封保存于贮罐内1个月， 然后用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定稻草有效降解率，分析相关营养指标。试验结果表明：4％和8％亚硫酸铵可显著提高稻草中CP、S及Ash含量，分别提高CP83．80％、174％，S370％、465％，Ash6．13％、2．76％；降低NDF、ADF含量，分别降低NDF5．48％、6．98％，ADF3．94％、14．16％。可显著提高（P＜0．05）稻草中DM、OM有效降解率，其中8％亚硫酸铵分别提高12．57％、13．11％，NDF有效降解率降低（P＜0．01）13．54％。与尿素处理稻草效果相比，亚硫酸铵不及4％尿素处理稻草的效果好。4％尿素可显著提高CP含量113．00％，分别降低NDF、ADF含量0．70％、9．60％；可极显著（P＜0．01）提高DM、OM、NDF有效降解率，分别提高22．80％、21．51％、10．30％。     

微电流电解对铜绿微囊藻的持续抑制研究

采用微电流电解法处理水体中的铜绿微囊藻,重点研究电解对藻类的持续抑制效能．结果表明：阳极材料对电解持续抑藻效果影响较大,4种材料效果依次为钌钛〉铂钛〉不锈钢〉铱钛;阴极材料对电解持续抑藻的效果影响较小;选择钌钛作阳极,不锈钢为阴极;电解时间和电流密度对持续抑藻效能影响较大,20min的电解时间和15mA／cm2的电流密度即可实现对藻细胞生长的完全持续抑制,但藻液的光密度和叶绿素a值并未在电解结束时立即大幅降低,而是在后期培养过程中呈逐渐下降趋势,显示出微电流电解对铜绿微囊藻具有良好的持续抑制效果．     

一种新型氧化钛负载膜的制备及其光催化特性研究

利用双层粘接涂膜法在滤布等纤维材料上制作高活性的氧化钛负载膜,考察了氧化钛负载膜的稳定性和光催化活性,选择对环境有害物质雌二醇进行光催化降解,并且在相同条件下与粉末氧化钛悬浮液的光催化效果进行比较.结果表明:双层粘接涂膜法所制备的氧化钛负载膜稳定性高,经过连续48h的往复提拉和在50℃条件下重复洗涤24h,没有发现氧化钛粒子脱落;在360nm、1.5mw/cm2的近紫外光条件下,具有较高的催化效能,在对环境荷尔蒙雌二醇的光催化降解上显示了较强的降解特性;在相同条件下,与粉末氧化钛的降解效果相比没有明显差别.     

一株高效抑藻放线菌的分离筛选及鉴定

从福建云霄国家红树林自然保护区滩涂沉积物样品中,共分离获得521株纯培养物.通过检测球形棕囊藻(Pha-eocystis globosa)荧光强度计算抑藻率,从521株菌中筛选到27株具有抑藻活性的菌株.在27株抑藻菌中,菌株O3-26对球形棕囊藻具有最高的抑藻率(高达96.71%).菌株O3-26的抑藻谱实验显示,该菌株抑藻活性表现出一定的种属特异性,对硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)的三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum)和中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)2株测试藻株没有抑制作用,而对绿藻门(Chlorophyta)盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)和自养小球藻(Chlorella autotrophi-ca)2株藻株具有较强抑藻作用.扫描电镜观察显示,该菌株孢子丝直至螺旋状且孢子表面带刺.生理生化实验显示,该菌株在所得到的大多数培养基上生长良好,在营养琼脂培养基中可以产生水溶性色素;不能在棉子糖作为唯一碳源的培养基上生长.16SrRNA基因相似性分析表明,菌株O3-26属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces),并与灭癌素链霉菌(Streptomycesgancidicus)15412菌株具有最高的同源性(99%).生理生化实验表明,二者之间生理特征存在一定差异.综合形态特征、生理特征以及系统发育分析的结果,鉴定该菌株为灭癌素链霉菌.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.