在W型火焰锅炉冷模中组织γ型气流的试验研究

提出了一种在Ｗ型火焰锅炉中组织燃烧工况的新方法－组织γ型火焰燃烧的方法，并在冷态模型试验台上作了试验研究，得出了不同工况的炉内γ型气流流场图谱，并对不同工况流场的主气流速度衰减规律和炉内气流充满度等进行了分析，最后，总结了γ型气流流场的配风规律，并分析了炉内结渣的可能性。     

炉膛喉口面积对W型火焰锅炉炉内空气动力场的影响

对珞璜电厂引进法国Ｓｔｅｉｎ公司３６０ＭＷ的Ｗ型火焰锅炉进行了冷态模化研究。采用热线风速仪对炉内流场进行测试,在此基础上研究了炉膛喉口面积对炉内空气动力场的影响规律,得出了在不同相对喉口面积下的炉内气流流场图,并对炉内的气流速度分布,气流充满度和平均有效动量流率等进行了比较与分析。研究表明,适当缩小炉膛喉面积,王方面有利于喷入炉内煤粉的着火和燃尽,另一方面有利于减小高温烟气对喉口和前,后拱及冷灰斗     

气体再燃燃烧器喷口流动特性冷态实验研究

以某350 MW锅炉为原型建立冷态模拟试验台,研究气体再燃技术中再燃气体和炉内旋转气流的混合程度及气体再燃条件下实验炉内的空气动力场,并采用标准k-ε湍流模型对其进行了数值模拟.结果表明,不同的再燃风速度对炉内的空气动力场有影响.再燃风速度过小时,再燃风偏离射流轴线较早,不能射入炉膛旋转气流的中心部位;而当再燃风速度过大时,导致再燃风射穿炉内旋转气流.以上两种情况均不能对炉内气流起到很好的覆盖效果,进而影响着再燃气体和炉内气体的混合程度.     

混烧锅炉富氧燃烧的数值模拟

富氧燃烧会对煤粉和高炉煤气混烧锅炉炉内的燃烧特性产生重要影响.以130 t/h煤粉和高炉煤气混烧锅炉为研究对象,采用Fluent流体力学软件,对助燃气体(O2/N2)在3种不同氧气体积百分数(21％,23％,27％)工况下煤粉和高炉煤气混烧锅炉炉内的燃烧过程进行数值模拟.模拟得到3种工况下:炉内的温度场分布,烟气流场特性,火焰长度.模拟结果表明:随着氧气浓度的增加,燃料着火速度更快,燃烧更稳定,出口烟温逐渐降低,炉内烟气流速逐渐减少,强化了炉内传热效果,提高了锅炉热效率.     

600 MW机组锅炉水平烟道气流特性试验

以某厂600MW四角切圆燃烧锅炉为原型建立试验台,在1∶20的模型上对炉膛上部、屏区烟道的气流流动进行了冷态试验研究,测量了锅炉水平烟道的速度偏差,得出不同工况下水平烟道流场的分布情况,分析了屏区气流偏差形成的原因,得出四角切圆锅炉出口气流的残余旋转是造成锅炉屏区气流偏差的主要原因,为降低炉内气流偏差提供了理论依据.     

六角切圆燃烧锅炉炉内空气动力特性的研究与应用

建立冷志空气动力场模化试验后,对不同燃烧器布置工况进行试验研究,了解六角切圆燃烧锅炉炉内空气动力特性,分析其对炉膛和受热面结渣的影响,并把研究成果应用于其200MW锅炉机组的改造中,对工程实际具有很大的应用价值。     

300MW机组直流锅炉调峰运行水冷壁安全性分析

用计算机辅助计算方法，以国产３００ＭＷ机组ＵＰ直流锅炉水冷壁为对象，在机组调峰运行过程中炉内火焰中心发生偏斜的非正常工况的热负荷分布情况下，对３００ＭＷ、２６０ＭＷ、２４０ＭＷ和２１０ＭＷ的不同机组负荷，计算水冷壁各管屏内工质的水力偏差和热偏差。并据此计算水冷壁管内工质的传热特性和管壁金属温度，以确定水冷壁发生爆管事故的条件。通过计算得出了不同机组负荷下所能允许的最大炉内火焰中心偏斜系数，为提出防止发生爆管事故的措施和机组的安全运行分析提供了根据     

600MW“W”型火焰锅炉炉内燃烧过程的数值模拟

为了分析"W"型火焰锅炉爆管原因,对某电厂某台600MW"W"型火焰锅炉在100%,75%和50%负荷下以及不同煤质情况下的燃烧过程进行数值模拟计算,研究不同负荷及不同煤质时锅炉炉内速度场、温度场的分布。研究结果表明:100%负荷和50%负荷下速度场和温度场比较对称,75%负荷下则出现明显的偏斜;在100%负荷下,火焰冲刷下炉膛的前后墙两端较严重;在50%负荷下,炉膛火焰中心有所下移,冷灰斗处温度较高;在75%负荷下,后墙火焰冲刷前墙严重,上炉膛温度偏高以致过热器温度过高,这些区域都容易引起受热面结渣和爆管。     

燃烧器反切对大容量切向燃烧锅炉烟气偏差影响的研究

对６００ＭＷ机组切向燃烧锅炉在原设计工况下以及燃烧器采用反切技术时炉内和水平烟道内流场进行了冷态模化试验,研究表明,燃烧器采用反切后,无量纲准则数ＸＪ是反映护内流场分布的重要指标,其值取１左右时,炉内流动稳定,水平烟道速度偏差最小。     

锅炉运行过程中结焦原因及预防措施

锅炉的结焦问题是比较普遍存在的，严重的结焦会导致锅炉被迫停炉，极大地影响锅炉的安全性和经济性。锅炉结焦的原因是多方面的，涉及到锅炉的设计、燃烧器的设计布置、设计煤种以及实际运行煤种的特性及其差异、炉内气流的空气动力场状况等等。本文针对锅炉运行过程中结焦的原因进行分析。进而提出预防措施，以保证锅炉的正常运行。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Features of Women''s language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme