油蒿种群遗传分化的RAPD分析

采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)方法对油蒿(Artemlsia ordosica Krasch．)的5个种群进行了研究．用15个随机引物扩增出297条清晰谱带，其中285条为多态性谱带．利用POPGENE 32软件对数据进行处理，结果如下：(1)油蒿有着丰富的遗传多态性，多态位点百分率达96％，各种群多态位点百分比在84．6％～90．9％之间．(2)油蒿的种群间分化较小Gat=0．1364，86．36％的遗传变异存在于种群内，各种群的遗传一致度都在96％以上(3)聚类分析显示，地理分布近的种群被聚到了一起，反映了油蒿种群的遗传分化和地理距离有着一定的相关性．     

岛屿地理隔离对红楠种群遗传结构的影响

利用简单重复序列间扩增(ISSR)分子标记对舟山群岛红楠(Machilus thunbergii)8个种群91个个体进行了遗传结构分析,9条随机引物扩增出可分析条带75条,多态位点百分比(PPL)为61.3%。POPGENE分析结果表明:红楠种群平均水平多态位点百分比(PPL)为52.3%,Nei′s基因多样度(HE)为0.186,较台湾岛红楠种群(PPL为71.1%)具有偏低的遗传多样性;而种群间遗传分化程度较高(GST=0.311)。地理距离与遗传距离具有显著相关性(r=0.655,P=96.1%),岛屿地理隔离对红楠种群间遗传分化产生显著影响。UP-GMA聚类分析表明:朱家尖岛与普陀岛红楠种群间遗传相似度较高,桃花岛与大猫岛可能存在较近的亲缘关系。基于舟山群岛红楠种群遗传结构分析,建议在其自然生长地实施就地保护的同时,建立红楠种质资源库,促进基因交流。     

河南刺猬种群的遗传多样性研究

为正确评价刺猬种群间的遗传关系,利用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术,对河南刺猬种群的遗传多样性进行研究.共扩增出89个位点,片段大小为200～1 650 bp,多态位点百分率(P)为89.89%,Nei's基因多样度(H)为0.328 1±0.172 0,Shannon's多样性信息指数(Ⅰ)为0.484 6±0.229 8,种群间遗传相似度平均为0.806 0,群体间遗传距离平均为0.222 8.结果表明,周口种群与信阳种群之间的遗传关系最近,信阳种群与濮阳种群之间的遗传关系最远,说明地理隔离可能是造成河南刺猬种群遗传差异的主要原因.     

南岭国家濒危植物长柄双花木遗传多样性研究

应用ISSR分子标记技术,对长柄双花木(Disanthus cercidifolius var.longipes)5个南岭野生种群的遗传多样性进行了初步研究.8条ISSR引物扩增出101条带,其中64条具多态性,多态位点百分率为63.37%.总的Nei's基因多样性指数为0.285 9,种群内基因多样性(Hs)为0.274 1,长柄双花木在物种水平上遗传多样性水平较低.在种群水平上,种群多态位点百分率在60%~75%之间,Nei's基因多样性指数为0.269 5~0.282 4,Shannon信息多态性指数为0.384 5~0.399 9.道县种群和莽山种群的遗传多样性水平较高.种群间的基因分化系数为0.041 4,表明长柄双花木绝大多数遗传变异发生在种群内的个体间(95.86%).UPGMA聚类分析结果表明:5个野生种群未按地理位置进行聚类,连州2个种群较为特殊,先与江西井冈山种群聚在一起,具体原因有待进一步研究.     

鄂尔多斯特有种四合木种群遗传多样性的等位酶和RAPD比较研究

四合木是典型的鄂尔多斯高原特有种，等位酶和RAPD分析都表明，四合木在种群水平上维持较高的遗传多样性，平均多态位点百分率分别为60%和83%，种群内遗传多样性为0.244和0.314，基因分化系数（Gst）为0.052和0.135，说明大部分遗传多样性存在于种群内，种群间遗传分化很低，四合木较高的遗传多样性是在长期进化过程中适应生境的恶劣条件形成的，其基因组DNA存在较高的变异性，各种群之间存在一定的基因流，但遗传距离与地理距离之间无直接相关关系，讨论了两种方法在遗传多样性研究中的优缺点。     

青藏高原东缘克隆植物珠芽蓼的RAPD遗传多样性研究

以青藏高原分布广泛的克隆植物珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)为研究材料,采用RAPD技术分析了珠芽蓼在不同海拔下7个自然种群的遗传多样性.通过贝叶斯法估测了种群的遗传分化程度,同时与其它算法(Nei遗传分化系数GST等)作以比较.13条随机引物共扩增出117条带,多态性位点PPL为84,多态位点比率PPL为71.79%,但种群水平平均多态位点比率仅为32.60%.求出θ B(Hickory)=0.602 3,同种群间基因分化系数GST=0.575 3较为接近,种群间基因分化大于种群内基因分化.AMOVA分析显示,在全部变异中,66.59%的遗传变异存在于种群间,33.41%的遗传变异存在于种群内.用POPGENE 32软件分析表明,珠芽蓼具有较高的遗传多样性,种群总的Nei's基因多样性为0.289 1,总的Shannon信息多样性指数为0.420 7,但各种群内遗传多样性水平则较低.种群内平均Nei's基因多样性为0.122 7,平均Shannon信息指数为0.180 4;基因流Nm=0.369 1,种群的基因交流很少.UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,7个种群中P1和P2先聚类,P5、P6, P4、P7分别聚在一起,最后与P3合为一支.相关性结果表明,遗传距离与海拔梯度、地理距离均相关不显著.     

基于线粒体Cytb基因序列的褐石斑鱼种群遗传多样性分析

为评估种质资源状况被世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)评定为易危物种的褐石斑鱼(Epinephelus bruneus)野生种群的遗传多样性和遗传分化水平，采用PCR方法测定褐石斑鱼西太平洋海区的中国海南岛(HN)、福建厦门(XM)和韩国济州岛(HG)3个地理群体的线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因的部分序列，并对其基因序列遗传变异、谱系结构和群体扩张历史特征进行分析。结果显示，褐石斑鱼3个地理种群(88个个体)共检测出18个多态位点，共有7种单倍型；各地理群体遗传多样性水平较低，而且单倍型在群体间分布不均，韩国群体遗传多样性最高，中国海南和厦门群体遗传多样性较低。地理距离最远的韩国群体和中国海南群体遗传分化最高(F_ST=0.177 5),地理距离最近的中国海南群体和厦门群体的遗传分化最低(F_ST=0.013 4)。Mantel检验结果显示，3个褐石斑鱼群体间遗传距离和地理距离间存在显著相关，距离隔离(Isolation by Distance, IBD)...     

黄河三角洲柽柳群体遗传多样性RAPD分析

采用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分子标记技术,分析了黄河三角洲主要优势树种之一柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)3个天然群体的遗传多样性及遗传分化。结果表明:26条随机引物扩增出105个可分析位点,多态位点百分比40.07%,Nei的基因多样度(h)为0.4061,Shannon多样性指数(I)为0.5917,基因分化系数(Gst)为0.0507,基因流值为9.3564。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,在总遗传变异中,群体间遗传变异占7.17%,群体内占92.83%。说明柽柳物种内存在较高的遗传多样性,群体的遗传变异主要存在于群体内,群体间基因交流频繁,遗传距离与地理距离具有显著相关性。     

海南海桑遗传多样性的ISSR研究

采用简单序列重复区间扩增(ISSR)分子标记技术对分布于海南岛的海南海桑Sonneratia hainanensis 4个种群共33个个体进行了遗传变异分析.11条引物共扩增出166条带,其中142条具多态性,多态位点百分率为85.54%.在种群水平上多态位点百分率14.46%～80.12%,平均为46.24%.期望杂合度、Shannon信息指数在物种水平上分别为:0.232 9和0.361 9;在种群水平上分别为0.153 8和0.231 7.依据Gst值,海南海桑遗传变异发生在种群内的个体间占75.89%,24.11%的遗传变异发生在种群间.UPGMA聚类结果为来自文昌的2个天然种群聚为一类,东寨港引种栽培的2个人工种群聚为另一类.Mantel检验表明海南海桑种群间的遗传距离与地理距离间存在显著的正相关(P＜0.05).种群遗传多样性与环境因子间的相关性分析表明:海南海桑的遗传多样性水平与土壤总氮量、有机质含量呈显著负相关(P＜0.05).     

昆明西山野生蘡薁葡萄资源及其遗传多样性分析

调查了昆明西山野生蘡薁葡萄(Vitis bryoniaegolia Bge)的分布特征,并利用RAPD分子标记对其5个群体的遗传多样性进行了分析.采用5个RAPD引物扩增,共产生71条DNA条带,其中多态条带68条.在物种水平上,蘡薁葡萄多态位点百分率(PPB)为95.77%,Nei's基因多样性指数(H)为0.3442,Shannon's多样性信息指数(Hsp)为0.5100;在群体水平上,PPB差异较大(35.21%～84.51%),平均值为60.85%,H平均为0.2234,Ho平均为0.3305.各群体间的Nei's遗传一致度(I)范围为0.7171～0.9489.基于Nei's遗传多样性分析得出的群体间遗传分化系数Gst=0.3269,表明西山蘡薁葡萄的遗传多样性主要来源与群体内而不是群体间.Mantel检测发现,群体间的遗传距离和物理距离之间呈显著的正相关(r=0.981,P=0.0190.05).     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.