湖北省的驼舞虻及新种记述（双翅目：舞虻科）

本文根据作者1984年在神农架、武当山及九宫山采集的标本,报道了湖北省的双翅目舞虻科驼舞虻属9个种,其中包括7个新种和1个中国新记录种,附有雄外生殖器图,与近缘种作了比较。     

广西猫儿山鹬虻属二新种(双翅目:鹬虻科)

记述采自广西猫儿山鹬虻属（Ｒｈａｇｉｏ）２新种，即无痣鹬虻（Ｒ．ａｓｔｉｃｔａＹａｎｇｅｔＹａｎｇ）和拟无痣鹬虻（Ｒ．ｐｓｅｕｄａｓｔｉｃｔａＹａｎｇｅｔＹａｎｇ），并综述属的特征。模式标本存北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

广西舞虻科三新种记述——双翅目:短角亚目

双翅目(Diptera)短角亚目(Brachycera)的舞虻科(Empididae)昆虫大多为捕食性。成虫或幼虫常为农林害虫的有效天敌,在生物防治上有潜在的前途,广西的舞虻区系近年经杨集昆与杨定研究(1986、1991)已报道有3属15种,本文再增加3新种和广西新记录的2属,新种的模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

中国蜉蝣科（昆虫纲：蜉蝣目）研究

报导中国蜉蝣科共２属３１种，其中伊蜉属（Ｅａｔｏｎｉｇｅｎｉａ）为新记录属；查氏伊蜉（Ｅａｔｏｎｉｇｅｎｉａｃｈａｐｅｒｉ）和萨夏林蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）为新记录种；毛阳蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｍａｏｙａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、尖岭蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｊｉａｎｆｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、万泉蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｗａｎｑｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、海南蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、洪江蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、徐氏蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｓｕｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、张家界蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｚｈａｎｇｊｉａｊｉｅｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、湖南蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｕｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）等８种为新种，并对其形态特征进行详细描述．蜉蝣属种类居世界之首．     

茂兰自然保护区的舞虻新种：（双翅目：舞虻科）

双翅目(Diptera)舞虻科(Empididae)的成虫和幼虫均为捕食性的有益昆虫,贵州省的种类较多,作者1988年报道过梵净山的三新种,1989年记载了贵阳的四新种及一贵州省新记录种。现根据1990年采自茂兰自然保护区的标本又增加一个贵州省新记录种和一个新种,模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。     

中国狼蛛科三新种

记述采自甘肃省榆中县和文县的狼蛛科三新种,定名：盘形舞蛛Ａｌｏｐｅｃｏｓａ ｄｉｓｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．文县舞蛛Ａｌｏｐｅｃｏｓａ ｗｅｎｘｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。刘家坪熊蛛Ａｒｏｔｏｓａ ｌｉｕｊｉａｐｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．全部标本保存在湖南省生物研究所。     

中国织蛾三新种记述(鳞翅目:织蛾科)

报道了采自河南和陕西的织蛾３新种,即：多斑露织蛾Ｅｎｄｒｏｓｉｓ ｍａｃｕｌｏｓａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,河南棱织蛾Ｄｅｕｔｅｒｏｇｏｎｉａ ｈｅｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。和黑泥织蛾Ｐｅｌｏｃｈａｒｅｓ ｎｉｇｅｒ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。多斑露织哦Ｅｎｄｒｏｓｉｓ ｍａｃｕｌｏｓａ Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｌｉ与Ｅｎｄｒｏｓｉｓ ｓａｒｃｔｒｅｌｌａ（Ｌｉｎｎａｅｕｓ）相似,主要区别在于前者的颚形突不呈喙状,末端     

广西悠背蚱属二新种记述(直翅目:蚱科)

记述蚱科（Ｔｅｔｒｉｇｉｄａｅ）悠背蚱属（Ｅｕｐａｒａｔｅｔｔｉｘ Ｈａｎｃｏｃｋ）的２个新种,即白条悠背蚱（Ｅｕｐａｒａｔｅｔｔｉｘ ｌｅｕｃｏｎｏｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,条斑悠背蚱（Ｅｕｐａｒａｔｅｔｔｉｘ ｓｔｒｉｍａｃｕｌａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。     

广西蚱科二新种记述(直翅目:蚱总科)

记述蚱科（Ｔｅｔｒｉｇｉｄａｅ）２个新种,即白背突眼蚱（Ｅｒｇａｔｅｔｔｉｘ ｌｅｕｃｏｎｏｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,桂北蚱（Ｔｅｔｒｉｘ ｇｕｉｂｅｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。     

西北地区4种麻虻超微结构及其微量元素的初步观察

首次用于电子扫描显微镜对甘肃，宁夏和内蒙地区的甘肃麻虻Ｈ．ｋａｎｓｕｅｎｓｉｓ，等额麻虻Ｈ，ｈｅｄｉｎｉ，土麻虻Ｈ。ｔｕｒｋｅｓｔａｎｉｃａ，低额麻虻Ｈ．ｕｓｔｕｌａｔａ的触角，尾器外部开矿作了初步观察，并对尾器亚生殖板所含向量元素作了测析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the