耐旱型种衣剂吸水性树脂研究

根据自由基聚合和接枝共聚合、交联反应的机理,用淀粉接枝共聚丙烯酰胺制得高吸水性树脂,并将其用于玉米等春播作物的耐旱型种衣剂。文中讨论了单体与淀粉配比、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、水解反应和氮气等因素对吸水树脂吸水性能的影响。     

淀粉接枝共聚高级水性树脂的合成及其性质研究

以玉米淀粉和丙烯基单体为主要原料，对淀粉接枝共聚高吸水性树脂进行中性一步法合成，优化合成反应路径。根据自由基聚合反应机理，在引发剂及交联剂作用下淀粉与丙烯基单体进行接枝共聚反应，定性及定量地分析反应物溶液pH值、反应温度、引发剂用量以及单体与淀粉的配比等因素对高吸水性树脂吸水性能的影响，从而找出最佳反应条件。同时采用量子化学ab initio UHF方法在6－31G基组水平上对两类淀粉链段自由基模型进行几何优化，分析体系的净电荷、前线分子轨道分布规律，以及自由基的稳定性和反应性特征，揭示接枝共聚反应机理。     

淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂的制备

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂，研究了玉米淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺制备高吸水性树脂的方法。对不同聚合条件和水解条件等因素对树脂性能的影响进行了探讨。并测定了树脂的吸水率、保水性和热稳定性，其吸水率可达４８０ｇ水／ｇ树脂。     

甲醛改性高吸水性树脂的合成和性能研究

以硫酸饰铵为引发剂,在甲醛存在下,将马铃薯淀粉与丙烯腈接枝共聚合,经皂化后制得了甲醛改性高吸水性树脂。本文研究了该树脂的吸水性与甲醛、丙烯腈、糊化水和皂化的碱用量以及反应温度和时间的关系。实验结果表明,制得的高吸水性树脂具有良好的吸水速率。     

新型高分子水系灭火剂的制备及其灭火性能研究

以玉米淀粉、丙烯酸为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,经接枝共聚,制备了高吸水性树脂,再利用高吸水性树脂制得高分子灭火剂,并测试了其灭火性能。结果表明,所制备的高吸水性树脂每克可吸水300g,用它配制的高分子灭火剂的灭火效能优于普通水的灭火效能,而且不易复燃。     

玉米淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺制备高吸水性树脂的方法

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂 ,研究了玉米淀米接枝丙烯酰胺制备高吸水性树脂的方法。探讨了不同聚合条件和水解条件等因素对树脂性能的影响 ,并测定了树脂的吸水率、保水性和热稳性 ,其吸水率可达 480水 (g) /树脂 (g)。     

玉米淀粉接枝高吸水树脂的制备研究*

淀粉接枝高吸水性树脂是一种带有吸水基团的网状结构高分子聚合物,是近年来国内外广泛开发研究的新型功能材料之一。以玉米淀粉、丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,环己烷为连续相,过硫酸钾(KPS)作为引发剂,在氮气保护下采用反相悬浮聚合法合成高吸水性树脂微球。红外光谱法(FTIR)表明产物为淀粉接枝AA/AM高吸水树脂。通过正交试验探讨了各种因素对树脂吸液率的影响。结果表明较适宜工艺条件是:玉米淀粉用量为10%,引发剂用量为0.2%,交联剂用量为0.3%,分散剂用量为2%。通过显微镜(SEM,TEM)和热重(TGA)探讨了接枝高吸水树脂的外形和热稳定性。结果表明树脂微球粒径大多分布在100μm上下,且热稳定性良好。同时探讨了温度对淀粉接枝高吸水树脂保水能力的影响,结果表明高吸水树脂有良好的保水性能。     

海藻酸钠-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺吸水树脂的制备及其性能

 目前高吸水性树脂研究较多的是均聚物，但随着其发展，某些产品的不足之处也逐渐凸显出来，如成本太高、强度不够、吸水速率慢、吸水量低、耐盐性能不好、保水性能不好等，可以采用两种或多种单体共聚合，也可采用接枝共聚或添加廉价填料等方法来改善高吸水性树脂的综合性能及降低生产成本。以丙烯酸为单体，海藻酸钠为接枝物，添加高岭土、丙烯酰胺，通过溶液聚合法制备了复合型耐盐高吸水性树脂。研究了海藻酸钠、高岭土、引发剂、交联剂用量对材料耐盐的影响，制备出在蒸馏水、0.9%NaCl中吸水倍率分别达到895g/g、85g/g的样品。研究了海藻酸钠-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚制备高吸水树脂的吸水性能。结果表明，以过硫酸钾为引发剂，反应温度65~75℃，丙烯酸中和度为60%，反应时间4h，引发剂用量0.8%~1.2%，高吸水树脂具有较高的吸水能力；随交联剂用量增大，高吸水树脂的吸水能力下降；随反应温度升高、反应时间延长、丙烯酸中和度增大、引发剂用量以及交联剂用量增大、反应单体浓度升高，海藻酸钠-高岭土/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物高吸水树脂的耐盐性明显增强。采用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对产物的内部结构、表面结构进行了表征。     

工艺因素对XG-AM接枝共聚型吸水树脂性能的影响

以APS为引发剂,MBAA为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法,制备了XG-AM接枝共聚耐盐型高吸水性树脂.分别研究了丙烯酰胺用量、碱用量、聚合温度、交联剂和引发剂用量等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响.采用红外光谱仪、X射线粉末衍射仪对树脂进行了表征和测试.结果表明:黄原胶与丙烯酰胺发生了接枝聚合反应,当m(AM)/m(XG)为6∶1,m(NaOH)/m(AM)为1∶1,聚合温度为60℃,m(MBAA)/m(AM)为0.04∶1,m(APS)/m(AM)为0.07∶1时,树脂对去离子水的吸收倍率可达1 240 g.g-1,对0.9%NaCl溶液的吸收倍率达到235 g.g-1.     

羧甲基纤维素接枝丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂的合成与性能

根据自由基聚合和接枝共聚的机理 ,以过硫酸铵为引发剂 ,用羧甲基纤维素接枝丙烯酸钠制得高吸水性树脂 ,并且详细考察了原料配比和引发剂用量对接枝共聚物性能的影响 .实验结果表明 ,该接枝聚合物是一种较好的超强吸水材料 ,它吸自来水和盐水的量都远远大于其它吸水材料 .其吸去离子水为 1 0 0 0 g/g,吸 0 .9%的盐水为 1 4 0～ 1 6 0 g/g,且保水性能好 .     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.