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1.
ZnO纳米棒/PVC复合材料的光催化性能研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用水热法制备了氧化锌纳米棒,在此基础上通过溶液共混制备了氧化锌纳米棒/PVC复合材料前驱体,适当温度下煅烧得到了氧化锌纳米棒/PVC复合材料.借助XRD,TEM,SEM,IR,UV-Vis和ESR等测试手段对氧化锌纳米棒及其复合材料进行了表征.以甲基橙为目标降解物,研究了氧化锌纳米棒和复合材料在可见光下的光催化性能和复合材料制备条件对光催化的影响.实验结果表明,复合材料的最佳制备条件为:氧化锌和PVC的质量比1∶1,煅烧温度250 ℃,煅烧时间1 h.在光催化剂用量为0.5 g/L,甲基橙浓度为10 mg/L,采用15 W家用照明荧光灯做光源的光催化体系下,复合材料对甲基橙的降解率达到88%,表明了制备的氧化锌纳米棒/PVC复合材料具有良好的可见光光催化性能.  相似文献   

2.
分别采用PVA模板法、尿素热溶剂法和乙二胺热溶剂法合成了氧化锌纳米带,并通过扫描电镜观察了纳米带的形貌,同时重点研究了反应温度对纳米带生长的影响.并以所制得的氧化锌纳米带应用于可卡因适体传感器的制备,实验结果表明,该传感器稳定性好,灵敏度高,选择性好,制作简单,成本低,应用于可卡因的测定,结果令人满意.  相似文献   

3.
采用两步化学法制备了氧化锌纳米棒膜,再通过溶胶-凝胶法对氧化锌纳米棒膜进行二氧化钛表面修饰改性.通过XRD、SEM和模拟太阳光下的光催化降解实验等手段研究和分析了氧化锌纳米棒的生长行为及光催化活性.结果表明:两步化学法所制备氧化锌纳米棒主要为C-轴取向生长;二氧化钛表面修饰后可以明显改善氧化锌纳米棒膜的光催化活性和光催化稳定性.  相似文献   

4.
以乙酰丙酮锌为原料,采用溶剂热法首次合成了棒状ZnO纳米粉体,并对该材料在不同工作温度下的气敏性能进行了研究。通过XRD、SEM和TEM等测试手段,表征其物相与结构。该粉体为六方晶系的ZnO纳米棒,直径约为30 nm,长度约为100 nm,结晶良好。通过静态配气法发现:采用N型氧化锌纳米棒所制得的元件在270℃下,对体积分数为5×10-4的乙醇有较好的气敏性能,灵敏度为75,响应时间及恢复时间分别为30、60 s,说明制备的ZnO纳米棒是具有潜力的探测乙醇气体的气敏传感器材料。  相似文献   

5.
以荷花花粉为模板,通过化学处理和煅烧工艺合成多孔氧化锌微球.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和智能气敏分析仪等对样品进行结构表征和性能分析,并讨论多孔氧化锌的气敏机理.结果表明:所得产物约为直径约10μm的具有花粉形貌结构的六方纤锌矿型多孔氧化锌微球.氧化锌微球表面和内部均由大量孔径在100~200nm的孔道构成,连通性良好.孔壁由直径约为80nm的氧化锌纳米颗粒堆砌而成.由该多孔结构制备的气体传感器对于500mL/m3的丙酮和乙醇气体的灵敏度在310℃时达到最大值,分别为24.80、22.10.其在丙酮和乙醇气体中的响应时间分别是2、3s,恢复时间分别为4、7s.传感器响应速度快,灵敏度与气体浓度之间具有良好的线性关系.  相似文献   

6.
以硝酸锌、水合肼、氢氧化钠、氯化钾为原料,通过简单的水热法,在100℃下反应2 h制备出形貌均一、分散性好的氧化锌纳米棒、纳米棒束和纳米花。利用XRD、SEM、UV-vis对所制备样品的组成和形貌进行表征。以紫外灯为光源,环丙沙星为降解对象,考察不同形貌的氧化锌对降解抗生素废水的活性。实验结果表明:适量NaOH的加入有利于纳米花的形成,KCl的加入则促使纳米棒束结构的形成;纳米棒、纳米棒束及纳米花ZnO的固体紫外-可见光谱显示其吸收边缘依次出现一定的红移;在汞灯光照下反应120 min后,ZnO纳米棒、纳米棒束及纳米花对环丙沙星的降解率分别为45.5%、60.3%和90.2%。  相似文献   

7.
一维金属氧化物纳米材料,例如纳米管、纳米棒和纳米线,其独特的几何形貌、新颖的物理化学性质以及在纳米光学和器件的应用而引起了人们广泛的研究兴趣.在此,采用一种简单的水热法制备了直径小(30 nm)和形貌均一的一维ZnO纳米棒,对制备的氧化锌纳米棒的形貌、晶相结构、光学性质和比表面积等性质进行了一系列表征.将ZnO纳米棒用于光催化降解甲醛,当光催化液相降解甲醛时,光催化性能很稳定,降解率达90.9%;气相降解甲醛时,催化剂很稳定,平均转化率有95.6%,平均矿化率达94.5%.说明ZnO纳米棒液相气相降解甲醛显示出很好的光催化活性.  相似文献   

8.
提出了应用高速剪切乳化机制备纳米氧化锌材料的新方法,研究了反应时间、pH值、锌盐浓度、乳化机转速和搅拌方式等实验条件对氧化锌纳米材料形貌的影响.与其它方法相比,用该方法制备纳米氧化锌具有方法简单、条件易控、成本低廉、易于量产、纳米结构几何形状均一等优点.  相似文献   

9.
两步水浴法制备ZnO纳米棒阵列的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过预加热处理完成了氧化锌(ZnO)种子层的制备,在种子层退火之后利用水浴法生长制备了排列有序的ZnO纳米棒阵列.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光光谱(PL)分析了ZnO纳米棒阵列的表面形貌、结构和光学性质,考察了预处理温度和水洗时间对产物性能的影响.结果表明:预处理温度较低时无法形成ZnO种子层;制备的ZnO纳米棒阵列是纤锌矿结构;随着水浴时间的延长,ZnO纳米棒的长度逐渐增加.  相似文献   

10.
采用溶液法在覆载有种子层的导电玻璃上制备了氧化锌纳米棒阵列。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光谱(PL)研究了样品的结构形貌和光学性质。结果表明:当生长液浓度较高时,氧化锌纳米棒阵列容易发生堆叠。随着生长液浓度的降低,纳米棒阵列变疏松,取向性增强;XRD结果显示各样品的(002)衍射峰都较强,如果反应液浓度降低,取向性会受到影响,与SEM结果吻合;溶液法制备的氧化锌纳米棒有优良的光致发光特性,其PL光谱由激子峰和缺陷峰组成。当生长液浓度较低时,激子峰和缺陷峰都比较弱;随着生长液浓度的增加,激子峰和缺陷峰的强度均先增大后减小,即存在一个最佳浓度;氧化锌纳米棒的取向对发光有一定影响。  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

15.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

16.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

17.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

18.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

19.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

20.
1 Rise of studies on climate change's effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America's annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].  相似文献   

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