典型机械加工表面形貌统计参数分析

为得到粗糙接触表面接触模型的计算参数,开展了典型机械加工表面的统计参数分析与研究.采用表面轮廓仪测量了典型加工方法下得到的不同粗糙值的表面形貌数据,根据ISO 11562标准,使用零相移高斯滤波对表面轮廓进行处理得到表面粗糙度数据;基于三次样条曲线拟合的方法和凸峰独立的原则,提出一种新的凸峰定义方法,分析拟合后的数据得到表面凸点的高度分布函数、凸点平均半径和密度等接触模型计算参数.分析结果表明:粗糙度参数对高度分布函数、凸点平均半径和密度均有显著的影响,而加工方法对平均曲率半径影响较小,对高度分布函数和密度影响较大.     

表面粗糙度Ra—Sn标准曲线的建立

以磨加工和刨加工件为例，介绍了在采用光散射特征值法做表面粗糙度非接触测量时，利用标准样块建立表面粗糙度参数Ｒａ与光散射特征值Ｓｎ之间标准曲线与数学关系的方法，并对实测结果进行了讨论分析。     

表面粗糙度二维信息同步测量方法

对表面粗糙度的评定参数进行了分析比较,应用Beckmann光散射理论推得同步测定表面粗糙度的振幅信息(轮廓均方根偏差σ)和频率信息(相关长度T)的方法。测得的二维数据能更全面地反映表面粗糙度状况。     

光纤测量表面粗糙度的研究

物体表面的反射散射光的强度反映了表面粗糙度的信息 ,即反射散射光的强度与表面的粗糙程度和探测光纤与反射表面之间的距离有关 .利用光纤将被测表面的反射散射光接收 ,测出了反射散射光强度与距离、粗糙度的关系 ,用最佳拟和曲线法计算出 Ra 与光强之间的关系     

考虑粗糙度影响的表面织构最优参数设计模型

为考察表面粗糙度对织构表面摩擦学性能的影响,采用求解基于平均雷诺方程的表面织构润滑计算模型的方法,研究综合粗糙度和方向参数等对摩擦系数及最优织构参数的影响规律.结果表明:当织构表面具有横向粗糙条纹时具有较优的摩擦学性能表现;当综合粗糙度σ<0.5μm时,摩擦系数和最优织构深度不随综合粗糙度的变化而变化,当σ≥0.5μm时,摩擦系数和最优织构深度随粗糙度的增大而增大;最优织构直径随综合粗糙度的增大而增大,最优织构面积比与综合粗糙度之间不相关,最优织构参数不随方向参数的变化而变化.在仿真结果的基础上,建立考虑粗糙度影响时表面织构的最优参数设计模型,试验验证所建立的模型是合理的和正确的.     

锁相环路的大范围稳定性(Ⅰ)

本文用定性的方法研究了锁相环路中的非线性振动方程。(?)+(λ_1-λ_2 sin(?)+cos(?)=Υ其中λ_1,λ_2,Υ为正的参数。我们证明了方程不存在极限环,卽环路不产生等幅周期性自激振荡,但可以出现稳定工作,不稳定工作和临界的三种相图,根据临界情况,用3yσOB 求渐近稳定区域边界的方法,导出了捕捉频带与参数之间的关系式。在给定参数的情况下,用电子计算机按照导出的公式进行计算,得到了捕捉频带与参数之间的关系曲线,把这些曲线与实验所取得的曲线相比较是符合的。     

两道次渐进成形表面粗糙度的预测和分析

为了研究两道次渐进成形的表面质量,采用响应面法来分析和优化两道次渐进成形的整体表面粗糙度.首先,通过Box-Behnken设计方法制定以成形角α、道次间隔角度Δα、层间距Δz和进给速度V为主要研究参数的试验计划.其次,建立了四个工艺参数与成形件表面粗糙度间的数值模型,并结合实验与方差分析(ANOVA)验证了数学模型的准确性.然后,利用数值模型探讨四个参数及其相互作用对表面粗糙度的影响情况.最终得出:层间距、道次间隔角度、成形角及进给速度对表面粗糙度的影响依次减弱.当V增加时,粗糙度值先减小再呈增加趋势;当Δz,Δα和α增加时,表面粗糙度值随之增加.此外,通过优化提出了获得最优表面质量的参数组合,并通过实验验证了这组参数组合的优越性.     

光纤式表面粗糙度测量仪的研制

本文论述了光纤式表面粗糙度测量仪研制过程中关键问题的解决方法，对非线性特性的参数计算、零点漂移、信号噪声、不同加工表面特性差异的处理都给出了完美的解决方法。该仪器以光散射理论为测量原理，用光纤为传输媒介，并用单片机８０９８进行计算、数据处理和测量智能控制。     

散射光强轮廓的波矢量空间变换研究

利用反射式随机表面的光散射实验测量系统,采用接收屏接收散射图样,用透镜对呈现在接收屏上的散射图样进行成像,并用CCD采集图样,测量了各向异性粗糙硅片在入射角40°-80°之间不同值时的光散射轮廓.根据散射理论可知,各向异性随机表面光散射的各种特征需在波矢量空间来研究,而在实验中只能测得实际空间的光散射轮廓,这需要将光散射轮廓由时间空间向波矢空间变换.笔者在理论上推导了它们之间的变换关系,并对所测得光散射轮廓的实际空间向波矢量空间进行具体变换,研究了各向异性随机表面在二维波矢空间的光散射轮廓分布.     

基于分形理论和随机抽样的机加工表面粗糙度轮廓曲线几何形貌共性表征

不同表面粗糙度下的轮廓曲线几何形貌共性特征,是建立机加工金属密封面微观泄漏模型,计算气体泄漏率定量评估密封性能的基础前提.首先,通过Monte Carlo随机正态分布抽样公式结合密封表面粗糙度加工参数,模拟得到服从正态分布和预设表面粗糙度值的粗糙表面轮廓曲线.然后,依据不同样本容量和表面粗糙度下平均峰角、平均峰高和三角峰数目/样本容量等轮廓曲线形貌特征统计数据,分析得到模拟曲线几何共性特征.最后,采用分形理论中剖面位形法,通过数据拟合得到粗糙表面轮廓曲线几何形貌特征值(平均峰角和平均峰高)与分形参数(分形维数和分形标度)间的函数关系.结果表明:机加工表面粗糙度与分形维数一一对应,使得用分形参数定量描述粗糙表面轮廓曲线成为可能.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme