一种改进的层次分析法及其在效能评估中的应用

本文提出了一种改进的层次分析法(I-AHP),该方法通过计算判断矩阵所对应的行列式值,根据其绝对值与1的关系来判定矩阵的一致性好坏,对于绝对值大于1的判断矩阵再考察其元素的次序一致性,若满足次序一致性则矩阵的一致性可以接受;I-AHP法避免了传统层次分析法在分析二维矩阵一致性时的结论与实际情况不符的问题.I-AHP法在防空信息战效能评估中应用的算例结果表明了这种改进的合理性.     

AHP中判断矩阵次序一致性的判定与改进

研究层次分析法中判断矩阵次序一致性的判定与改进方法。利用离散数学中关系的性质和运算给出判断矩阵次序一致性的判定方法。通过引进关系矩阵和关系图可以有效地找出判断矩阵中所有不合逻辑的元素。最后给出改进判断矩阵次序一致性的原则。     

改进的模糊层次分析法

目的 改进传统的层次分析法。方法 将互反型判断矩阵改为模糊一致性判断矩阵，并把和行归一法或方根法与特征向量法结合使用，提出了改进的模糊层次分析法。结果 指出传统的层次分析法往往会导致判断矩阵不满足一致性条件，需要检验和修正，而且计算精度不高。改进后的模糊层次分析法既解决了判断矩阵的一致性问题，又解决了解的收敛速度及精度问题，以此求得与实际相符的排序向量。结论 改进传统的层次分析法较传统的层次分析法更加完善和行之有效，并符合人们的思维逻辑，形式简单，准确，且易建立。另外，由优先判断矩阵改造而成的模糊一致性矩阵满足一致性条件，无需再进行一致性检验，同时也可大大减少叠代次数，提高收敛速度，满足计算精度的要求．从而为多目标决策提供了较为可靠的决策方法。     

多目标决策中确定权值的一种新方法

在分析和理论推导的基础上，利用最优传递矩阵对传统的层次分析法（ＡＨＰ）进行改进，建立了改进的层次分析法（ＩＡＨＰ）。利用ＩＡＨＰ求得的判断矩阵能自然满足一致性要求，不需要进行一致性检验，可直接求得各因素的权值     

判断矩阵一致性分析

判断矩阵的一致性是层次分析法中的关键问题之一,本文分析了判断矩阵出现不一致性的原因,论述了判断矩阵一致性和可靠性的关系。提出了改进判断矩阵一致性应注意的问题。     

残缺互补判断矩阵次序一致性及排序方法

针对残缺互补判断矩阵次序一致性检验、调整及排序方法存在的问题,采用残缺互补判断矩阵次序一致性及排序的偏序集表示方法.在界定偏序集、模糊互补判断矩阵、残缺互补判断矩阵、截集矩阵等定义基础上,利用偏序关系矩阵的转换关系给出次序一致性的检验定理;证明了残缺互补判断矩阵任意截集矩阵满足传递性和残缺互补判断矩阵完全次序一致性的等价定理;根据上集和下集特征,给出更为简捷的残缺互补判断矩阵排序方法.研究结果表明:与其他方法相比,调整及排序方法赋值有依据、方法简单、易操作,鲁棒性强.     

层次分析法中判断矩阵一致性的改进研究

运用模糊理论对层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性进行了改进.通过引入模糊一致矩阵,从根本上解决了层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性问题,得到了一些有理论和实用意义的结果.     

层次分析法中判断矩阵一致性的改进研究

运用模糊理论对层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性进行了改进。通过引入模糊一致矩阵,从根本上解决了层次分析法中判断矩阵的一致性问题,得到了一些有理论和实用意义的结果。     

层次分析法中矩阵的判断一致性研究

目的 研究层次分析法中判断矩阵可接受性及一致性的改善问题。方法 引入判断一致性矩阵概念,利用判断平均特性修正矩阵的方法,进行层次分析法的灵敏性分析,在严格证明理论结果的基础上,对一般情况进行统计模拟。结果与结论 判断一致性为实际应用中合理接受判断矩阵打开了一个新的思路。     

层次分析法改进及其在橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价中的应用

层次分析法广泛应用于指标权重计算和决策,但在判断矩阵构造和一致性检验中存在局限性.针对传统层次分析法及其现有改进方法所存在的数值标度和一致性检验两个关键问题,提出通过无限制标度建立与专家判断初衷更为吻合的因素间相对重要程度数值标度方法,并通过传递的方式构造完全一致性矩阵,对不满足一致性的原判断矩阵根据最大差异项进行调整.云南橡胶林种植对流域输沙影响评价指标权重确定应用实例表明,该改造方法降低了专家对判断矩阵数值标度的难度,并在解决判断矩阵不满足一致性问题的同时最大程度保留了原判断矩阵的信息.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the