超短脉冲测量技术

脉冲的准确测量影响脉冲在很多方面的应用。对于脉冲宽度在飞秒量级的超短脉冲可以采用频率分辨光栅(FROG)方法进行准确测量,这篇目文章讨论了FROG的基本原理和它的算法,并进行了数值模拟。     

高斯光脉冲在正弦型色散补偿系统的稳定传输

从含非线性薛定谔方程出发，通过数值模拟，研究了高斯光脉冲在正弦型色散补偿系统的传输，得到结论：当系统的二阶色散的平均值为零时可得到高斯光脉冲的稳定传输．这将对高码率光通讯传输系统的设计提供了一定的理论依据，有助于光脉冲在光纤中传输的研究．     

脉冲啁啾对空间小尺度自聚焦影响的实验研究

实验研究了二硫化碳（CS2）中受到衍射调制的啁啾脉冲激光的小尺度自聚焦以致分裂成丝过程,并且进行了数值模拟．通过实验分析了不同脉冲线性啁啾（频谱相同,展宽不同脉冲宽度）时的调制增长过程,结果表明脉冲啁啾增大,小尺度自聚焦引起的调制增长延缓,发生小尺度自聚焦的平均输入功率也相应增加．     

高斯型光脉冲在色散管理光纤系统中的传输控制

本文从描述超短光脉冲在光纤中传输的高阶非线性薛定谔方程入手,使用傅立叶变换的分裂算符法,通过计算机模拟,研究了高斯光脉冲在色散管理光纤系统中的传输特性.在此基础上,我们数值考察了高斯光脉冲在加入随机噪声后传输的稳定性以及脉冲间的相互作用.此结果有助于在理论上研究短脉冲在光纤中的传输,并且可对实验进行指导.     

短光脉冲的谐波测量法

本文讨论了超短光脉冲测量的二次谐波法(SHG)、半导体表面反射频法和高次谐波法。用 SHG 法对调 Q 加模 Nd:YAG 激光器的光脉冲进行了测量。     

微分脉冲极谱法测则定电解液（MnSO4—H2SO4）中微量Ni（Ⅱ）

本文研究了用微分脉冲极谱法测定了用Ｔｉ－Ｎｉ阳极电解而得的电解液中微量Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的各项实验条件，提出在该测液中加入适量ＮＨ４ＯＨ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ作为底液，在此底液中，所测得的Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的微分脉冲极谱图，峰形良好，便于测量，其峰电位Ｅｐ＝－０．９５ｖ（ｖ．ｓ．Ａｇ＝ＡｇＣｌ电极），可用标准加入法则定，方法简便，快速。     

高斯型光脉冲在波分复用光纤系统中的传输

文章从描述超短光脉冲在光纤中传输的高阶非线性薛定谔方程入手,使用傅立叶变换的分裂算符法,通过计算机模拟,研究了高斯光脉冲在波分复用光纤系统中的传输特性.在此基础上,采用数值模拟了高斯光脉冲和超高斯光脉冲传输的稳定性以及脉冲间的相互作用.     

超高斯光脉冲在波分复用光纤系统中传输的数值模拟

从描述超短光脉冲在光纤中传输的高阶非线性薛定谔方程入手,使用傅立叶变换的分裂算符法,通过计算机模拟,研究了超高斯光脉冲在波分复用光纤系统中的传输特性.在此基础上,数值模拟了超高斯光脉冲传输的稳定性以及脉冲间的相互作用.     

微分脉冲极谱法测定EMD中微量铁

本文研究了用微分脉冲极谱法测定电解ＭｎＯ２（ＥＭＤ）中微量铁的各项实验条件。选用柠檬酸三钠作为支持电解质。在此底液中，所得Ｆｅ＾＋３的微分脉冲极谱图，峰形良好，便于测量，其峰电位Ｅｐ－为－０．５０Ｖ。     

基于比率的两种群扩散系统的脉冲控制

对基于比率的两种群扩散系统中某个正点（并非正平衡点）的脉冲可稳定性进行理论分析,提出使该点稳定的脉冲控制算法。进一步,利用数值模拟的方法验证了所得结论的正确性。     

泵浦光中有效频段对CARS信号选择激发作用的实验分析

运用基于遗传算法的自适应飞秒脉冲整形技术,实现了苯(C6H6,992 cm-1)和氘代苯(C6D6,945 cm-1)混合溶液中相干反斯托克斯(CARS)信号峰高分辨率的选择激发.谐波频率分辨光学开关(SHG-FROG)痕迹显示出飞秒CARS的选择激发主要是通过对泵浦光中与某待测振动模式相对应的有效频段的裁剪来实现的.通过在傅立叶平面对泵浦光进行频谱裁剪进一步在实验上验证了这一结论.该项研究成果对于进一步提高遗传算法搜索效率提供了重要思路.对于复杂分子系统飞秒CARS的选择激发研究具有深远意义.     

Use of photoelectron energy spectrum transfer equation for the measurement of a narrowband XUV pulse

To study the time evolution of a molecular state in an ultra-fast chemical reaction,the use of shorter pulses with higher photon energy and narrower bandwidth for both pump and probe is necessary.However,quick and precise measurement of their detailed time structures is a challenge.Over the last decade,great efforts have been made to measure an attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse.To date,several methods have been developed to measure the pulse duration and completely reconstruct it.The attosecond spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER) and attosecond frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) techniques are often used.However,these methods use state-of-the-art experimental set-ups and complicated data analysis procedures.To develop attosecond metrology for practical use (e.g.timing,measurement,evaluation,calibration,optimization,pumping,probing),we propose a quick and analytical method to precisely observe an attosecond XUV pulse with laser-assisted photo-ionization.The method is based on determining the laser-related phase of each streaked electron and using a transfer equation for one-step pulse reconstruction without any time-resolved measurements,iterative calculations,or data fitting procedures.Temporal errors of the pulse reconstruction are calculated from the XUV bandwidth.Because the transfer equation establishes a direct connection between the XUV pulse properties,the crucial laser parameters (peak intensity,phase,carrier envelope phase),the atomic ionization potential,and the measured photoelectron energy spectrum,we can use it to study any one of these properties from other known information and probe the dynamic processes of an ultra-fast reaction.     

高频强激光场中氢原子基态电离特性研究

本文采用相空间平均法详细研究了氢原子H的基态(1s)在外加高频强激光脉冲作用下的电离率及光电子角分布情况.侧重探讨了激光频率、偏振、脉冲长度和位相对原子电离的影响.研究发现,对超短脉冲,电离对激光场的位相非常敏感.根据激光脉冲上升沿和下降沿陡峭程度,提出了"位相模糊区"的概念,对基态氢原子电离特性的位相依赖给予了很好的区分和解释.     

自锁模Ti：Al2O3激光器

通过在腔内引入双棱镜对研制的Ｔｉ：Ａｌ２Ｏ３激光器实现了稳定的自锁模运转，最窄脉宽达５３ｆｓ，分析了Ｔｉ：Ａｌ２Ｏ３激光器的自锁模原理及工作特性。     

高速、多幅、傅里叶频谱存贮型动态全息干涉术实验成功

我系研究了一种基于傅里叶频谱存贮原理的二次曝光新技术。采用脉宽和间隔可调的调制脉冲对激光光源即可对瞬态流场进行高速,多幅、动态全息干涉摄影。     

激光脉宽对椭偏光驱动的原子次序双电离的影响

利用经典模型,研究了激光脉宽对椭偏光驱动的Ar原子次序双电离(SDI)的影响.结果发现,二价离子动量分布强烈地依赖于激光脉宽.随激光脉宽增加,离子动量分布从二带结构变为四带结构,然后又变为六带结构.向后分析双电离轨迹既显示了椭偏光驱动的原子次序双电离中的亚周期电子出射现象,又表明带状结构随激光脉宽的演化取决于第二个电子电离时间随激光脉宽的变化.     

Carrier-envelope phase locking of 5 fs amplified Ti:sapphire laser pulse at 1 kHz repetition rate

This paper reports the carrier-envelop phase （CEP） locking for the 5 fs re-compressed laser pulse generated from a chirped pulse amplified （CPA） Ti：sapphire laser at 1 kHz repetition rate. A phase locking feedback system with two loops was designed to control the fast fluctuation arising from the seeding laser and the slow fluctuation arising from the sub-mJ amplified pulse. The principle and structure of the phase control system, including the CEP detection, servo loop design and phase locking result, are analyzed. The experiment shows that our phase locking system can be well used to establish the stable phase locking of few-cycle amplified laser pulse, and the CEP variation of below 53 mrad （rms） was demonstrated during a locking period of more than 3 h.     

TEA-CO2激光器的调频

采用了条片状阴极的双放电结构,制成了一台选頻的TEA-CO2激光器,在9μm—11μm范围内,共选頻出谱线85条。单线最大脉冲输出能量为2.38焦耳。     

Attosecond metrology.

The generation of ultrashort pulses is a key to exploring the dynamic behaviour of matter on ever-shorter timescales. Recent developments have pushed the duration of laser pulses close to its natural limit-the wave cycle, which lasts somewhat longer than one femtosecond (1 fs = 10-15 s) in the visible spectral range. Time-resolved measurements with these pulses are able to trace dynamics of molecular structure, but fail to capture electronic processes occurring on an attosecond (1 as = 10-18 s) timescale. Here we trace electronic dynamics with a time resolution of 相似文献   

Single-pulse coherently controlled nonlinear Raman spectroscopy and microscopy

Molecular vibrations have oscillation periods that reflect the molecular structure, and are hence being used as a spectroscopic fingerprint for detection and identification. At present, all nonlinear spectroscopy schemes use two or more laser beams to measure such vibrations. The availability of ultrashort (femtosecond) optical pulses with durations shorter than typical molecular vibration periods has enabled the coherent excitation of molecular vibrations using a single pulse. Here we perform single-pulse vibrational spectroscopy on several molecules in the liquid phase, where both the excitation and the readout processes are performed by the same pulse. The main difficulty with single-pulse spectroscopy is that all vibrational levels with energies within the pulse bandwidth are excited. We achieve high spectral resolution, nearly two orders of magnitude better than the pulse bandwidth, by using quantum coherent control techniques. By appropriately modulating the spectral phase of the pulse we are able to exploit the quantum interference between multiple paths to selectively populate a given vibrational level, and to probe this population using the same pulse. This scheme, using a single broadband laser source, is particularly attractive for nonlinear microscopy applications, as we demonstrate by constructing a coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) microscope operating with a single laser beam.