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1.
桥梁健康监测与状态评在的研究现状与发展   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
综述了桥梁结构健康监测的一些实际应用,对以往有关损伤诊断的一些方法进行了评价,着重分析了当前桥梁健康监测中所到的困难,在此基础上结合桥梁的结构特性与工作环境提出了一套新的桥梁健康监测与状态评估发展策略,其中强 调了结构动力指纹增长与更新的概述2以及动态子结构与模型修正法的综合运用,并最终将桥梁承载能力作为状态评估的重要指数,使桥梁的观察、监测与安全评估有机地统一起来。  相似文献   

2.
润扬长江大桥结构健康监测系统研究   总被引:61,自引:13,他引:61  
介绍了国家重点工程——润扬长江大桥结构健康监测系统研究的主要成果,综合评述了大跨桥梁健康监测研究的主要进展和关键问题.主要内容包括:系统的构成、目标和主要子系统的功能、监测项目的确定和布点策略、监测仪器的选择与检测技术分析、桥梁结构状态识别与安全性评估的方法与策略等.文中较为系统地论述了目前大跨桥梁健康监测系统建立与研究中的主要问题,指出了结构健康监测技术、状态识别和可靠性评估的可能技术途径,阐述了大跨桥梁健康监测系统的发展方向.  相似文献   

3.
大跨桥梁结构以健康监测和状态评估为目标的有限元模拟   总被引:47,自引:9,他引:47  
通过对桥梁结构健康监测和评估研究现状的简单评述,讨论了结构健康监测和状态评估中的关键理论与技术问题,介绍了笔者近年来在大型桥梁以健康监测和状态评估为目标的结构模拟方面开展的一系列关键理论和技术问题研究;通过对2个大跨悬索桥——香港的青马大桥和江苏的润扬长江公路大桥的有限元建模和模型修正过程,探讨了大跨桥梁结构以健康监测和状态评估为目标的有限元模拟的技术要求、建模方案与策略.研究表明:大跨桥梁以结构状态评估为目标的有限元模拟,必须是建立于衔接理论基础上的多尺度结构模拟.在桥梁结构整体动力响应分析确定了关键损伤构件的基础上,需进一步建立关键构件的局部模型以分析在桥梁结构全尺度有限元模型中无法模拟的细节行为,即发生于焊连接件的局部应力集中和损伤累积行为.  相似文献   

4.
大型桥梁健康监测力求对结构整体行为的实时监控和对结构状态的智能化评估.同时,对大跨度桥梁设计理论与力学模型的验证以及对结构和结构环境中未知或不确定性问题的调查与研究也正融入桥梁健康监测的内涵.据此首先简要地总结10多年来桥梁健康监测的研究状况,然后较系统地阐述桥梁结构健康监测的新概念,并从桥梁工程发展的角度探讨大型桥梁监测系统设计的有关问题,以期为监测系统的开发提供借鉴大型桥梁健康监测概念与监测系统设计@张启伟  相似文献   

5.
大型桥梁健康监测概念与监测系统设计   总被引:122,自引:0,他引:122  
大型桥梁健康监测力求对结构整体行为的实时监控和对结构状态的智能化评估,同时,对大跨度桥梁设计理论与力学模型的验证以及对结构和结构环境中未知和不确定性问题的调查与研究也正融入桥梁健康监测的内涵,据此首先简要地总结10多年来桥梁健康监测的研究状况,然后较系统地阐述桥梁结构健康监测的新概念,并从桥梁工程发展的角度探讨大型桥梁监测系统设计的有关问题,以期为监测系统的开发提供借鉴。  相似文献   

6.
为建立一套适用于大跨径预应力混凝土连续刚构桥梁的健康监测与评估系统,实现桥梁管理的现代信息化,从系统的功能性出发,研究了桥梁健康监测与评估系统的结构、组成,选取了桥梁应变、挠度作为主要的静力监测参数,通过结构仿真计算确定了参数的预警标值,采用基于层次分析法的变权综合理论作为评估方法并建立了桥梁状态评估模型,合理有效地选取了监测设备,建立了远程在线数据采集监测系统,应用参数化、智能化和模块化的思想,在MicrosoftVC++语言环境下设计并开发了大跨径预应力混凝土连续刚构桥梁管理系统,加入了对量化的监测数据的支持,突破了以往桥梁健康监测单一的主观管理或者单一的监测模式,及时为桥梁管理部门作出最优化的养护管理和维修加固决策提供依据,对于桥梁结构的安全性、适用性以及在自然环境中桥梁的真实响应有了更深刻的理解,并将系统应用于陕西省西禹高速公路徐水沟特大桥管理的实际工程中。结果表明,系统运行稳定,实用性强,经济效益显著,具有良好的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

7.
桥梁健康监测应用与研究现状   总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42       下载免费PDF全文
桥梁损伤诊断与健康监测是近年来国际上的研究热点 ,在实践方面 ,土木工程和航空航天工程、机械工程有明显的差别 ,比如桥梁结构以及其他大多数土木结构 ,尺寸大、质量重 ,具有较低的自然频率和振动水平 ,桥梁结构的动力响应极容易受到不可预见的环境状态、非结构构件等的影响 ,这些变化往往被误解为结构的损伤 ,这使得桥梁这类复杂结构的损伤评估具有极大的挑战性 .本文首先给出了结构健康监测系统的定义和基本构成 ,然后集中回顾和分析了如下几个方面的问题 :①损伤评估的室内实验和现场测试 ;②损伤检测方法的发展 ,包括 :(a)动力指纹分析和模式识别方法 ,(b)模型修正和系统识别方法 ,(c)神经网络方法 ;③传感器及其优化布置等 ,并比较和分析了各自方法的优点和不足 .文中还总结了健康监测和损伤识别在桥梁工程中的应用 ,指出桥梁健康监测的关键问题在于损伤的自动检测和诊断 ,这也是最困难的问题 ;最后展望了桥梁健康监测系统的研究和发展方向  相似文献   

8.
基于监测数据的桥梁结构可靠性评估   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
桥梁结构健康监测系统能有效监测影响桥梁结构的各种作用及其在结构上产生的效应,可为准确评估桥梁结构的各种性能提供信息.影响桥梁结构性能的因素具有随机性,基于概率的方法是处理随机性的有效工具.研究了结构健康监测与可靠性评估相结合的桥梁结构性能评估方法.分析了纵向应变监测信号的特点,提出一种新的监测信息处理方法.结合工程实例,验证了该方法的可行性,并对可靠性评估结果进行分析.  相似文献   

9.
润扬大桥结构健康监测策略   总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11  
对建立大跨桥梁结构健康监测系统的关键问题--大跨桥梁结构健康监测策略进行了分析研究,阐述了大跨桥梁结构健康监测项目的选择依据、传感器优化布设的原则与主要依据、传感器选择的原则等.提出了综合考虑大桥的结构特点和各个方面对系统功能的要求,通过费用-效益比分析,确定长期监测和周期检测内容的项目选择原则.关于传感器的布设,提出了遵循从状态评估的需要出发,以有效和经济为目标,使测点能够发挥最大效应的原则,综合结构安全评估、传感器布设优化理论等因素进行优化布设的方法.在有限元分析的基础上,应用遗传算法进行了润扬大桥结构健康监测系统振动和应变传感器优化布置的理论分析.然后进行了润扬大桥结构健康监测传感器系统的总体设计.  相似文献   

10.
Mamdani型模糊推理系统在桥梁状态在线评估中的应用淡丹辉 ,孙利民  以在线传感器监测信息为基础建立桥梁工作状态空间的表征 ,结合专家经验建立状态空间的评价体系 ,并用Mamdani型模糊推理技术建立基于语言量的桥梁工作状态的在线监测机制 ,从而为桥梁结构健康监测及智能桥梁结构的实现提供一个可行的技术手段 .以某钢构桥模型实验为背景 ,通过整个加载历程中目标点处的同步位移信息来识别整个模型的状态 ,结果表明 ,该方法提供了一种建立基于语言描述的结构在线健康监测系统方法 .我国证券市场股价操纵的实证研究黄长青 ,陈伟忠 ,杜少…  相似文献   

11.
Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.  相似文献   

12.
何延凌 《科技信息》2008,(4):258-258
Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women's language from these perspectives: pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women's language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What's more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.  相似文献   

13.
There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.  相似文献   

14.
理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。  相似文献   

15.
The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3~4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰~ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰~ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084~0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078~0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.  相似文献   

16.
As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.  相似文献   

17.
王慧 《科技信息》2008,(10):240-240
Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte's only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.  相似文献   

18.
The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.  相似文献   

19.
In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.  相似文献   

20.
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